饱和粉砂不稳定性的试验研究

通过对净砂和级配良好粉砂(含10 %粉土)进行一系列三轴固结不排水试验（CU）,研究了粉土、孔隙比和围压对饱和粉砂不稳定性的影响。试验结果表明,净砂与粉砂在不排水剪切条件下均会出现应变软化现象（即不稳定性）。同一围压下脆性指数(IB)随孔隙比增加,但不稳定线的应力比随孔隙比增加而减小。引用等效粒间孔隙比(ege)后,净砂和粉砂在ege-ln p?平面上拥有基本相同的临界状态线。在临界状态理论及等效粒间孔隙比的基础上,提出在同一修正状态参数(?ge)下净砂和级配良好粉砂有相似的不稳定性。     

SO4^2-改性铁铝复合层柱粘土的制备及其催化性能研究

由共聚法制得的铁铝复合交联剂交换钠基蒙脱石层间的水合钠离子,再经SO42-改性处理制备了铁铝复合层柱粘土固体超强酸催化剂.利用xRD、FT-IR和BET法对催化剂的结构进行了表征.以乙酸正丁酯的合成反应为探针反应对催化剂的活性进行了测试.通过正交实验确定了铁铝复合交联粘土SO42-改性最佳工艺条件.研究了催化剂对探针反应的选择性及重复使用情况.结果表明:在由实验确定的最佳改性工艺条件下,乙酸的转化率达92.2%,反应中无副产物产生,催化剂具有较好的重复使用性能.     

闽南：台湾浅滩渔场变性水团的初步分析

根据聚类方法，对闽南－台湾浅滩渔场变性水团进行划分，本海区共有６个变性水团。讨论各个变性水团在不同季节消长变化规律。     

聚类分析法在浅海水团分析中的应用及黄、东海变性水团的分析

本文引入变性水团概念,用聚类分析确定黄、东海浅海海域变性水团的边界及其变化。根据给定的标准进行聚类,确定了水团的个数、边界及混合区。 由聚类方法所得结果看出,在该海区中有八个变性水团。根据温、盐相对指标,将这些水团分为九种不同的特征。也可以把这些水团划分为三种盐度类型。在温—盐点聚图上,不同变性水团的温盐点,分布于一条曲线附近,它体现出逐级变性的特点。各变性水团的变化范围都很大,这说明该海区中水团变性强烈。在暖季中的增温降盐和冷季中的降温增盐,可认为是整个黄海和东海水体变性的特征。所有季节性水团都经历一个形成与消亡的过程。 文中讨论了变性水团和海洋环境的相互关系。水团变性是热力因素和动力因素共同作用而产生的。通过变性水团的分析,作者认为,在该海区水团的变性中,热力因素起着主要作用。变性水团界线的舌状分布与流向之间的关系是很明显的,可作为分析环流的旁证。最后描述了变性水团和底层中心渔场之间的关系。     

改性碳酸氢铵的结构特征及其肥效增效机理研究

利用有机-无机(矿物)控释材料对碳酸氢铵进行改性，制成改性碳酸氢铵。盆栽试验结果显示，在等重条件下，改性碳酸氢铵较普通碳酸氢铵有较大幅度的增产。运用X射线衍射分析及红外光谱对改性碳酸氢铵的结构进行研究，发现其晶体结构发生较大的变化，差热分析结果也表明，改性碳酸氢铵的热分解温度比普通碳酸氢铵提高30℃。这种晶体结构的变化增加了改性碳酸氢氨的稳定性，从而延长了其肥效并提高了N的利用率。     

机械卡盘设计中的计算误差分析与应用

通过对普通机构二维力因素影响的分析，利用修正公式计算求值，以修正单因素影响最大值计算所产生的误差。利用这一计算方法，对CD—3型钻机卡盘进行了计算，得到了正确的设计结果，说明用修正公式对多因素影响采用单因素影响最大值计算进行修正是可行的。     

我国9大气候区降水特性及其物理成因的研究Ⅰ——基本特性分析

首先利用旱涝Z指数对全国9大气候区的旱涝进行了评定，并给出我国9大气候区旱涝Z指数的分布图。分析结果表明，1950年代我国除新疆地区处于偏早期外，其它几个区都处于多雨量期，1960年代由多雨向少雨转变的时期，1970年代——1980年代中期我国大部分地区处于雨量偏少期；1990年之后我国各个区的雨量都有所增加。此外，还应用Morlet小波变化对我国9大气候区降水的旱涝周期变化、旱涝分型及变化趋势进行了分析。研究结果表明：在16年、32年层次变化上，各气候区在不同时间段上，8年层次上降水的变化出现了一定的规律：东北、华北在1980年之后存在1年位相差；而长江中下游、江南及华南三者之间在1951～1970年时段上依次有着2年的位相差；长江中下游、内蒙及新疆之间依次存在着3年位相差。     

改性铝土矿与其它混凝剂净水性能对比的研究

改性铝土矿做净水剂，与市售其它混凝剂比较，具有ＰＨ值适用范围宽，对水中阴阳离子，尤其是对ＳＯ＾２－４的吸附能力强等优点。去除水中的浊度，颜色，ＣＯＤ等同于市售其它混凝剂。     

Understanding governance and networks: EU-US interactions and the regulation of genetically modified organisms

EU-US (European Union-United States) interactions in relation to the regulation of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) have been examined in detail in recent years. To do this scholars have tended to focus on a small number of high profile processes, such as the formal complaint of the US to the World Trade Organisation regarding the regulation of GMOs in the Europe. It is important to analyse developments of this kind but overemphasis on them has also lead to a distorted view of the case and a failure to appreciate the significance of other, less visible, types of interaction. In this paper we focus instead on trying to understand the roles played by various EU-US transnational networks—The Transatlantic Business Dialogue, The Transatlantic Economic Partnership, The Transatlantic Consumer Dialogue, The Transatlantic Environmental Dialogue and the EU-US Consultative Forum on Biotechnology. These networks have been trying to shape the regulation of GMOs in both jurisdictions since the mid 1990s. By analysing them through a ‘governance lens’ we find that we can better understand EU-US interactions and the dynamics and influences around the regulation of GMOs. This gives us valuable insights into processes of contemporary governance.     

Characterisation of hydroclimatological trends and variability in the Lake Naivasha basin,Kenya

Recent hydro‐climatological trends and variability characteristics were investigated for the Lake Naivasha basin with the aim of understanding the changes in water balance components and their evolution over the past 50 years. Using a Bayesian change point analysis and modified Mann–Kendall tests, time series of annual mean, maximum, minimum, and seasonal precipitation and flow, as well as annual mean lake volumes, were analysed for the period 1960–2010 to uncover possible abrupt shifts and gradual trends. Double cumulative curve analysis was used to investigate the changes in hydrological response attributable to either human influence or climatic variability. The results indicate a significant decline in lake volumes at a mean rate of 9.35 × 10⁶ m³ year^?1. Most of the river gauging stations showed no evidence of trends in the annual mean and maximum flows as well as seasonal flows. Annual minimum flows, however, showed abrupt shifts and significant (upward/downward) trends at the main outlet stations. Precipitation in the basin showed no evidence of abrupt shifts, but a few stations showed gradual decline. The observed changes in precipitation could not explain the decline in both minimum flows and lake volumes. The findings show no evidence of any impact of climate change for the Lake Naivasha basin over the past 50 years. This implies that other factors, such as changes in land cover and infrastructure development, have been responsible for the observed changes in streamflow and lake volumes. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.