基于同伦算法的非线性最小二乘相位解缠

线性加权最小二乘方法进行相位解缠时,采用迭代法求解,收敛速度慢,不容易得到精确解。本文提出非线性相位解缠模型,并采用同伦算法实现非线性最小二乘相位解缠。通过真实数据与线性最小二乘相位解缠算法进行对比实验,验证了该方法是有效的,特别是在有噪声干扰的区域,该方法可以提高相位解缠的精度。     

同伦函数与填充函数相结合的非线性最小二乘平差模型

提出了同伦函数与填充函数相结合进行非线性最小二乘平差的方法。先采用同伦函数求解非线性恰定方程组,得到一个局部最优解,然后以该局部最优解为基础构造填充函数,通过对填充函数求解,得到比当前局部最优解更小的局部极小点,再以该局部极小点为基础重新构造同伦函数和填充函数进行求解,通过有限步的循环迭代,最终找到非线性最小二乘平差的全局最优解。实例验证,该方法能有效地寻找出非线性最小二乘平差的全局最优解。     

Homotopy Method for Inverse Design of the Bulbous Bow of A Container Ship

The homotopy method is utilized in the present inverse hull design problem to minimize the wave-making coefficient of a 1300 TEU container ship with a bulbous bow. Moreover, in order to improve the computational efficiency of the algorithm, a properly smooth function is employed to update the homotopy parameter during iteration. Numerical results show that the homotopy method has been successfully applied in the inverse design of the ship hull. This method has an advantage of high performance on convergence and it is credible and valuable for engineering practice.     

黏弹性双相介质参数反演的同伦方法

本文以介质的动态时域响应（位移、速度、加速度）作为反演的依据,对黏弹性双相介质的材料参数进行了反分析研究.根据附加条件,并考虑到由于测量误差和测量数据的不充分造成的反演问题的不适定性,将黏弹性双相介质的参数反演问题转化为非线性泛函的极小值问题,然后应用大范围收敛的同伦方法求出使泛函极小的根作为反问题的解.最后,以二维半空间黏弹性双相介质模型为例进行了数值反演分析,数值结果表明本文方法在参数的反演过程中目标函数稳定收敛,且具有一定的抗“噪声”干扰性能;与利用速度和加速度信息反演的结果相比,利用位移信息反演的结果具有较高的精度和抗噪声能力.     

Application of homotopy parameter inversion method in Miyun Reservoir

The large-scale convergence of homotopy parametric inversion method on the water quality model parameters calculated was used, with application in parametric inversion calculation of total phosphorus of Beijing Miyun Reservoir. Through calculated and compared the error of sedimentation rate by homotopy parametric inversion method and genetic inversion calculation method, the results indicate that homotopy parametric inversion method has good stability, calculating speed, and even if the initial selection away from the objective function, the solution still has a good convergence.     

非饱和土中溶质迁移参数反演的HISR方法

以非饱和土中溶质迁移参数反演问题为背景, 依据正则化方法的思路, 以Itakura Saito距离作为同伦函数中的平凡问题, 将同伦方法引入非线性参数反演问题的求解, 进而提出一种求解非线性参数反演问题的大范围收敛(HomotoyItakura SaitoRegularization, HISR) 方法.为保证迭代稳定性, 并同时削弱观测噪声的影响, 同伦参数的修正采用了连续化修正方法.本文将HISR方法应用于求解带有平衡及非平衡吸附效应的一维非饱和土中溶质迁移参数反演问题, 计算结果表明HISR方法具有大范围收敛性及计算稳健性, 同时有较强的抵抗观测噪声的能力.      

New class of solutions for water infiltration problems in unsaturated soils

This paper presents the results of approximate analytical solutions to Richards' equation, which governs the problem of unsaturated flow in porous media. The existing methods generally fall within the category of numerical and analytical methods, often having many restrictions for practical situations. In the present study, two approximate analytical methods known as the differential transform method (DTM) and homotopy perturbation method (HPM) were employed to find analytical solutions to Richards' equation. The methods were found to be robust in finding solutions practically identical to those from the existing analytical and numerical methods. Two representative examples were considered in order to evaluate the accuracy of the solutions obtained by DTM and HPM, revealing high level of accuracy in both cases.     

若干非线性偏微分方程的守恒律

采用第一同伦公式法,借助符号计算软件Maple,分别构造(1+1)维非线性弹性波动方程、Brusselator方程组及(2+1)维广义CBS方程的守恒律.     

A bevy of area-preserving transforms for map projection designers

ABSTRACT

Sometimes map projection designers need to create equal-area projections to best fill the projections’ purposes. However, unlike for conformal projections, few transformations have been described that can be applied to equal-area projections to develop new equal-area projections. Here, I survey area-preserving transformations, giving examples of their applications and proposing an efficient way of deploying an equal-area system for raster-based Web mapping. Together, these transformations provide a toolbox for the map projection designer working in the area-preserving domain.     

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