"支农70-2"电测仪锌汞电池充电器的设计与制作

“支农70-2”型电侧仪一直是基层水利单位进行地面电法找水和电测井的仪器之一。为解决该仪器内所用“锌汞电池”因电电压下降需要更换又难以购买的问题,笔者设计并制作出一种可给锌汞电池充电器,现撰文将其基本原理、线路结核、元件选用及制作方法作以介绍。     

CZM-2型恒流自动充电器

介绍了CZM—2型恒流器自动充电器的主要特性、电路工作原理、安装和调试方法。     

Condensation particle counting below 2 nm seed particle diameter and the transition from heterogeneous to homogeneous nucleation

Particle detection by condensation particle counters (CPCs) is ultimately limited by the onset of homogeneous nucleation. At vapour supersaturations around the homogeneous nucleation limit the diameter of critical clusters is typically about 2 nm. It is widely assumed that only particles larger than critical clusters can be activated by vapour condensation and the general detection limit of CPCs is therefore currently accepted to be around 2 nm particle diameter. Using an expansion type CPC with n-propanol as working fluid we investigated the transition from heterogeneous to homogeneous nucleation, clearly showing that particles are activated much before the onset of homogeneous nucleation, even at particle diameters as small as 1.4 nm. For particle diameters below 2 nm we have usually found condensation particle counting to be influenced by the simultaneous presence of ions as generated in a bipolar diffusion charger. In this paper we illustrate how the presence of ions influences particle number concentration measurement and how ions can be removed in order to obtain accurate seed particle number concentrations for particle diameters down to 1 nm.     

小型自动气象站直流不间断电源设计

详细介绍了自主设计的小型自动气象站直流不间断电源充电器,该充电器是基于UC3906芯片设计,配合使用LM2576芯片构成一个降压开关型集成稳压电路,通过触发高低电平对不同状态的充电过程进行控制,既可以进行高效率高精度的充电,也可以完成备用电源的接入与切断,从而实现小型自动气象站的电源设备管理。此外,该充电器还设计了测量日照时间的功能,即通过计算太阳能电池板所输出的电平变化率计算日照时间。与常规的单片机充电器相比,该充电器提高了系统的充电效率和使用寿命,使太阳能能被充分地利用,实际应用效果良好,具有一定的推广意义。