结构内设备的摩擦摆隔震响应分析

基于系统耦和振动微分方程，分析了结构内摩擦摆隔震设备的响应规律和隔震效果。计算结果表明，经过合理设计的摩擦摆系统能够显著控制设备的地震绝对加速度响应从而有效提高设备的抗震可靠度。     

Estimating the seismic displacement of friction pendulum isolators based on non‐linear response history analysis

A procedure for developing equations that estimate the isolator displacement due to strong ground motion is applied to buildings isolated with the friction pendulum system. The resulting design equations, based on rigorous non‐linear analysis, offer an alternative to the iterative equivalent‐linear methods used by current U.S. building codes. The governing equations of the system are reduced to a form such that the median normalized displacement of the system due to an ensemble of ground motions is found to depend on only the isolation period—a function of the curvature of the isolator—and the friction force at incipient slip normalized by peak ground velocity. The normalization is effective in minimizing the dispersion of the normalized displacement for an ensemble of ground motions, implying that the median normalized displacement is a reliable estimate of response. The design equations reflect the significant (20 to 38%) increase in displacement when the excitation includes two lateral components of ground motion instead of just one component. Equivalent‐linear methods are shown to underestimate by up to 30% the exact median displacement determined by non‐linear response history analysis for one component of ground motion, and building codes include at most a 4.4% increase for a second component. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

汶川8.0级地震前BSQ型数字垂直摆倾斜仪观测到的地形变异常现象

地倾斜连续观测是地壳形变观测研究中重要内容。汶川8.0级地震前,布设在四川德阳金河测点的新型BSQ型数字垂直摆倾斜仪观测到了明显的地形变异常现象。分析其观测结果可知,汶川8.0级地震前约半月时间内德阳金河测点的地倾斜运动速度较过去的平均运动水平提高了数十倍,且震前地表快速倾斜的方向在N25°W左右。除此之外,德阳金河BSQ型数字垂直摆倾斜仪测点还观测到较为完整的,对应于可以反映地表应力集中、释放过程的震前地表破裂过程。上述现象为今后研究强震孕育机理提供了重要的信息。介绍与分析了布设在龙门山断裂带附近的其它类型地倾斜仪在震前的观测结果。事实证明,BSQ型数字垂直摆倾斜仪在强震前的浅表过程监测中具有重要意义,值得在今后的地震前兆台网工作中进行推广。     

设置抗拔型三重摩擦摆隔震支座框架结构地震响应分析

抗拔型三重摩擦摆隔震支座是一种新型隔震支座。以框架结构为例,利用ANSYS软件建立了6层和10层普通抗震结构和带该支座的基础隔震结构模型;通过模态分析,得到了结构的自振周期;通过地震响应分析,提取了6层框架隔震层和顶层的位移、加速度和剪力时程曲线,并提取了不同层数不同结构类型的各层间位移、加速度幅值。结果表明：与抗震结构相比,基础隔震结构周期显著增大;隔震结构的变形主要集中在隔震层,隔震层以上的结构基本为整体平动,结构的地震位移反应得到了有效的减小;采用抗拔型三重摩擦摆隔震支座能降低结构地震加速度反应;设置抗拔型三重摩擦摆隔震支座的多层数隔震结构的能量衰减不如低层数的隔震结构迅速。     

宝昌地震台VP型宽频带垂直摆倾斜仪干扰因素分析

选取2014年、2016年5月、2017年1-9月宝昌地震台VP型宽频带垂直摆倾斜仪观测资料,针对观测山洞湿度、雷电、人为因素等干扰,与正常时段光滑、噪声低的正弦固体潮观测曲线进行对比分析,通过对干扰因素进行分析与排除,可提高形变观测资料质量,为准确识别震兆异常提供参考。     

云县台SQ水平摆与VP垂直摆观测资料对比分析

从数据完整率、年变幅度、形态特征、相关性等角度出发对SQ水平摆与VP垂直摆观测数据进行对比分析。结果表明:2套仪器均有较强的稳定性,数据有较高的完整率。通过对比分析,确定云县台SQ水平摆和VP垂直摆产出的数据正确。从短期资料看,2套仪器均能清晰记录日波、半日波固体潮汐,固体潮观测曲线的相位与理论值相一致。从长期资料看,云县台SQ水平摆产出的数据在长期趋势上与真实地倾斜存在较大差异,VP垂直摆更能真实反映监测区域地倾斜变化特征,利用VP垂直摆替代SQ水平摆进行地倾斜观测可行。     

巴里坤地震台SQ-70DSi水平摆观测数据干扰分析

基于2018—2021年巴里坤地震台水平摆观测资料,选取典型受干扰曲线,分析其变化趋势,总结仪器运行中存在的各类干扰因素。研究发现,干扰主要包括自然干扰(降雨、气压、雷击)、人为干扰(进洞巡检、调零标定、仪器维修)、仪器自身故障(数采故障、光源灯故障)等。     

苏北平原井下摆观测效果的讨论

文章以江苏省大丰台、盐城台、淮阴台、海安台，射阳台井下摆观测为例。比较它们的观测结果，分析认为井下摆的观测效果不仅与地面复盖层的厚度有关，而且与井下摆周围的环境干扰，观测用井的质量有关。为了提高井下摆观测效果，应尽量减少环境干扰，并注意井的垂直度和固井，文章还指出，沿海地区井下摆受海浪干扰相当显著的。     

SSQ-1 Digital Tape Recording Horizontal Pendulum Tiltmeter

The SSQ-1 Digital Tape Recording Horizontal Pendulum Tiltmeter is an instrument of high sensitivity to detect the changes of ground tilt. It uses a quartz horizontal pendulum held by Z?llner bifilar suspension to sense vertical displacement, the eddy-current transducer on the pendulum converts its displacements into electric signals. Then a microcomputer is used for data acquisition and printing as well as digit tape recording. And at the same time, a filtering pen recorder is used for visible recording. The scale value of the instrument is calibrated by computer using the known tilt angle of the bulging plate — mercury cup. The scale value is 0.3–0.5 m(″)/mV. The following are the testing results for the earth tide observation obtained from the east-west component at Baijiatan Seismic Station, Beijing: r(O₁): 0.6490±0.0179 α(O₁): −3.83°±1.58° r(K₁): 0.8049±0.0128 α(K₁): 1.40°±0.90° r(M₂): 0.6699±0.0040 α(M₂): −0.27°±0.34° r(S₂): 0.7316±0.0075 α(S₂): 2.83°±0.58° r(M₃): 0.8497±0.0964 α(M₃): 1.61°±6.51° The Chinese version of this paper appeared in the Chinese edition ofActa Seismologica Sinica,15, 353–359, 1993. In this work also participated Mr. Huai-Wen PAN and Wei-Jin ZHANG. And we here give special thanks to Yun-Zao XI, Qin-Wen XI, Bo-Xong TANG, Yi-Hui CHEN and An-Xu WU for their kind help in the development and test of the instrument. This paper is translated by Mr. Zhong ZHENG.     

海潮对数字垂直摆倾斜仪记录的影响浅析

宁波地震台数字垂直摆倾斜仪记录的EW、NS向固体潮在同一数量级,与理论固体潮有较大的差异,且与浙江省其它地区地震台的记录迥然不同。该台倾斜资料与海水潮汐关系密切,用其分钟值绘出的矢量图日规律性较强。本文对此作了初步分析与探讨。