成德绵地区政区位势与行政区经济耦合的时空演化与优化路径

行政区划作为国家治理体系的基础支撑,对区域经济发展具有重要影响。深入探究行政区划与区域经济的时空耦合关系与优化路径,有助于制定区域一体化发展政策。本文以成德绵地区为例,基于政区位势模型、行政区经济模型和位序规模理论,定量识别2005—2018年政区位势与行政区经济的耦合与空间演变,并从体制机制改革、行政区划调整等角度提出优化路径。研究表明：① 成德绵地区政区位势和行政区经济分别经历了“沿交通线轴向扩散”和“中心极化-中部辐射递减-外围塌陷”的演化过程。② 根据政区位势位序规模相对于行政区经济位序规模的耦合关系,将政区耦合类型划分为位势靠前、区划适应型,位势靠前、区划约束型,位势落后、区划适应型,位势落后、区划约束型。③ 研究区耦合类型表现为“位序落后型收缩-区划适应型增加-位势靠前型主导”的演变特征,位势靠前、区划约束型占比最高（45.0%）,市辖区和北部外围政区发展潜力大幅提升的同时,三市交界处行政区经济约束相对较强。成德绵地区作为中国西部地区的重要增长极,未来应结合不同政区类型的实际情况,通过增强政府间合作、充分利用中心城市的辐射带动效应、转变政府职能和审慎稳妥推行行政区划调整工作等方式,促进区域一体化和城市群经济高质量发展。     

TOGA-COARE IOP部分观测资料初步分析

初步分析中国科学院南海海洋研究所《实验3号》科学考察船在TOGA—COARE IOP连续三个航次中部分CTD和ADCP原始观测资料指出:90-210m间大于35的盐度极值除存在准日周期变化外,在量值上还存在约73d的周期变化。但受资料长度的限制,目前尚无法确定上述周期是否属于稳定周期。在上述深度范围内亦存在较低盐度和温度水体侵入现象,其强度存在10—15d的周期变化。等温线和等密度线常出现振幅达10m以上,周期约3d的振荡,而且有时表现出次中尺度涡(submesoscale eddy)及涡旋链特征。比较风、SST、混合层深度间的关系时发现,风强度和大风维持时间对SST和混合层深度的影响很大,如西风暴发过程可使平均SST降低0.5℃左右,使平均混合层深度加深8m以上。分析西风暴发过程及西风暴发后洋流铅垂变化和洋流随时间变化发现,西风暴发过程导致79m以浅深度上的东向射流,且19m深处流动随时间顺时针改向,79m深处流动随时间逆时针方向改向。     

Effects of Clouds and Aerosols on Surface Radiation Budget Inferred from DOE AMF at Shouxian, China

Based on data collected during the first U.S.Department of Energy(DOE) Atmospheric Radiation Measurement(ARM) field campaigns at Shouxian,eastern China in 2008,the effects of clouds and aerosols on the surface radiation budget during the period October-December 2008 were studied.The results revealed that the largest longwave(LW),shortwave(SW),and net Aerosol Radiative Effects(AREs) are 12.7,-37.6,and-24.9 W m-2,indicating that aerosols have LW warming impact,a strong SW cooling effect,and a net cooling effect on the surface radiation budget at Shouxian during the study period 15 October-15 December 2008.The SW cloud radiative forcing(CRF) is-135.1 W m-2,much cooler than ARE(about 3.6 times),however,the LW CRF is 43.6 W m-2,much warmer than ARE,and resulting in a net CRF of-91.5 W m-2,about 3.7 times of net ARE.These results suggest that the clouds have much stronger LW warming effect and SW cooling effect on the surface radiation budget than AREs.The net surface radiation budget is dominated by SW cooling effect for both ARE and CRF.Furthermore,the precipitatable clouds(PCs) have the largest SW cooling effect and LW warming effect,while optically thin high clouds have the smallest cooling effect and LW warming on the surface radiation budget.Comparing the two selected caseds,CloudSat cloud radar reflectivity agrees very well with the AMF(ARM Mobile Facility) WACR(W-band ARM Cloud Radar) measurements,particularly for cirrus cloud case.These result will provide a ground truth to validate the model simulations in the future.