斑节对虾TSG101基因的克隆及表达分析

为探究肿瘤易感基因101(简称TSG101)对斑节对虾(Penaeusmonodon)的免疫应答作用,了解在细菌刺激下斑节对虾的机体发生的变化机制,本研究以哈维弧菌(Vibrioharveyi)和金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcusaureus)为实验组,以磷酸缓冲液(PBS)为对照组,通过荧光定量分析展开对斑节对虾对菌刺激的免疫应答作用。结果显示,斑节对虾的TSG101在各组织中均有表达,在肝胰腺中的表达量最高。在金黄色葡萄球菌刺激下,斑节对虾的TSG101在肝胰腺中的表达量与对照组相比呈极显著上调(P0.01),第12小时的TSG101 mRNA的表达量达到最大(为对照组的21.60倍);在鳃中的表达量与对照组相比呈极显著上调(P0.01),第6小时斑节对虾TSG101的表达量达到最大值(为对照组的3.64倍)。在注射哈维弧菌第9小时,肝胰腺中的PmTSG101 mRNA表达量极显著上调(P0.01)且达到最大(为对照组的2.50倍)。实验结果初步表明,斑节TSG101参与斑节对虾的先天免疫反应,在金黄色葡萄球菌和哈维弧菌的刺激的情况下,该基因RNA水平的表达情况发生明显变化。     

The selection of alkaline protease-producing yeasts fi＇om marine environments and evaluation of their bioactive peptide production

A total of 400 yeast strains from seawater, sediments, saltern mud, marine fish guts, and marine algae were obtained. The protease activity of the yeast cultures was estimated, after which four strains (HN3.11, N11b, YF04C and HN4.9) capable of secreting extracellular alkaline protease were isolated. The isolated strains were identified as Aureobasidium pullulans, Yarrowia lipolytica, Issatchenkia orientalis and Cryptococcus cf. aureus. The optimal pH of the protease activity produced by strains HN3.11, YF04C, and HN4.9 was 9.0, while that of the protease produced by strain N11b was 10.0. The optimal temperature for protease activity was 45°C for strains HN3.11, N11b, and YF04C, and 50°C for strain HN4.9. After digestion of shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) protein and spirulina (Arthospira platensis) protein with the four crude alkaline proteases, the filtrate from spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) powder digested by the crude alkaline protease of strain HN3.11 was found to have the highest antioxidant activity (61.4%) and the highest angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory activities (68.4%). The other filtrates had much lower antioxidant activity and ACE-inhibitory activities.     

基于全基因组重测序技术的浙江近岸海域耐盐金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)耐药机制解析<

金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)是近岸海域海水中的主要病原菌,严重威胁接触者的安全。抗生素处理是治疗金黄色葡萄球菌感染的重要手段,其耐药性的发生受到了高度重视。采用全基因组重测序与KEGG富集分析结合的方法,对红霉素(erythromycin)、氯霉素(chloramphenicol)和万古霉素(vancomycin)处理后的耐盐金黄色葡萄球菌(S.aureus ZS01)和不耐盐金黄色葡萄球菌(S.aureus 502A)进行耐药机制研究。结果表明,S.aureus 502A经抗生素处理后发生突变的程度大于S.aureus ZS01,二者在经过氯霉素处理发生了更大程度的突变。红霉素、氯霉素和万古霉素处理主要影响了金黄色葡萄球菌的致病能力;红霉素和氯霉素可能通过影响金黄色葡萄球菌脂类的代谢引起其耐药性的变化。除此之外,三种抗生素处理均出现了较多TIGR01741家族蛋白和假设蛋白基因的突变,推测与菌株的耐药性和致病性相关。耐盐金黄色葡萄球菌可通过外排系统作用产生红霉素耐药性,不耐盐菌株因细胞壁成分相关基因的突变提高了对万古霉素的耐受性。研究结果可为耐盐和不耐盐金黄色葡萄球菌的耐药机制及抗生素对金黄色葡萄球菌致病性影响的研究提供基础数据。     

金色栾川

正一场大风刚把严冬送走,春姑娘便姗姗而来,栾川境内冻结的河水开始嘎嘎破裂,山坡上、田野边那些嫩绿的迎春花伸展着她那美丽的枝条,开始吐出花蕾,争先恐后地拥抱春天。虽然是春天,但春天的栾川还是要下几场大雪。但是,迎春花却不畏严寒,第一个冲锋陷阵,不知疲倦地尽情地把她的花儿开在家家户户的房前屋后,把栾川装扮成     

NO月球，NO火星，京城又现神秘陨石

这块神秘陨石一半是淡淡的褐色,一半是黑色,这样的熔壳颜色极为罕见 该陨石的表面有金属镶嵌点。呈现金黄色和银白色,绝非普通的石质球粒陨石 从陨石上一块硬币大小的破损点可以观察到。它的内部物质呈现青色     

带着相机去旅行——海边沙滩拍摄小技巧

<正>时间的选择一天的始末是海洋拍摄的最佳时机。对于拍摄者来说,在那个时间不会有很多人,而且阳光会制造出一种非常奇妙的光与影,这会让你产生极大的兴趣,特别是在傍晚的时候那十分柔和的金黄色光线会让你陶醉不已。在数码风光摄影中,逆光拍摄是一种既有一定的拍摄难度而又可产生独特艺术效果的摄影手法。逆光是从景物背后照射来的,我们拍摄的对象主体往往是没有直接光线照射的阴暗部分,因而也就不容易表现出景物的明暗层次和线条,所以反差大。     

地球上最成功的生物物种——南极磷虾

南极磷虾，又名大磷虾或南极大磷虾，是一种生活在南极洲水域的磷虾。它是一种海洋甲壳类动物，它的眼柄基部、头部和胸的两侧和腹部的下面长着一粒粒金黄色的、略带红色的球形发光器，当它们受到惊吓时，发光器就能发出像萤火虫那样的磷光来。     

江南佳品 凤尾鱼

凤尾鱼是刀鲚鱼（Coiiia ectenes）的俗称，为江南佳品之一。其体长一般20厘米，体被大而薄的圆鳞，无侧线。由于其尾分叉，尖端狭长，呈红色，状如凤尾，故称凤尾鱼。又因其体背呈青石板色或金黄色，或青黄交杂，因此又有“青背”、“黄背”和“花背”之称。凤尾鱼腹侧银白，有青、蓝或淡黄荧光，全身闪闪发亮。     

深情大美黑土地——“大地守望”黑龙江文化笔会侧记

一望无垠的三江平原上,金黄色的麦穗、绿油油的大豆,昂首挺立在肥沃的土壤中,微风拂过,麦浪起伏,一直延伸到天际……一提到黑土地,人们的脑海中总会浮现出这样丰沃的景致。     

Isolation and diversity analysis of heterotrophic bacteria associated with sea anemones

A study was undertaken to investigate the heterotrophic bacterial flora associated with the sea anemones. Samples of the sea anemones Anthopleura midori were collected from the coast of Weihai and bacteria were isolated from these samples. Additionally, high numbers of viable bacteria were obtained from the celom wall and surface of anemone, the community of cultivable bacteria was very diverse. As a result of this isolation, 60 strains were obtained, 56 of them were selected for identification and characterization by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and limited phenotypic testing. Among these isolates, 16 strains were phylogenetically related to members of the genus Pseudoalteromonas and neighboring taxa. Other isolates included members of the genera Colwellia, Vibrio, Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, Endozoicomonas, Roseovarius, Paracoccus, Loktanella, Leisingera, Sulfitobacter, Bacillus, Staphylococcus, Plantibacter, Microbacterium, Micrococcus, Joostella, Psychroserpens, Cellulophaga, Krokinobacter, Polaribacter and Psychrobacter. Seven potential novel species were found. Among 60 strains, 17 of them can produce proteolytic exoenzyme, 20 can produce lipolytic exoenzyme. Strain NQ8 has strong antagonistic effects on some Vibrio strains. This study demonstrates that the culturable fraction of bacteria from the sea anemones Anthopleura midori is diverse and appears to possess much potential as a source for the discovery of novel bioactive materials.