Application of Spatial Database in Quantitative Analysis of Litho-Paleogeography—A Case Study of a Middle Ordovician Sequence Interval in the Ordos Basin

In the study of sequence stratigraphy and litho-paleogeography,quantitative analysis,precise calculation and detailed comparison of tremendous geological data,such as field profiles,logging records and seismic curves from different areas,are the basic requirements.In order to obtain a more reliable and precise result,this paper presents a novel method that combines spatial database analysis with the single-factor mapping technology to establish sequence stratigraphical succession and to map the Ordo-vician litho-paleogeography of the Ordos Basin,one of the largest oil-gas bearing basins in North China Platform.By using this method,all of the related basic geological data can be quantitatively analyzed and effectively managed.Various attributes of the ba-sic stratigraphic units and their characters,such as sequence thickness,penecontemporaneous dolostone content,shallow water parget content,and terrigenous material content,can be fully utilized statistically in facies analysis and in mapping.Based on this analysis,this paper has be exerted single-factor isopachous mapping quantitatively for each of the Ordovician sequences in the ba-sin,and finally synthesized multiple factors to reconstruct the litho-paleogeography for each of the sequence intervals.The study shows that the proposed method is quite effective and has a much higher resolution in recognizing litho-paleogeographic subunits compared with traditional ways.For example,in one of the Middle Ordovician sequence intervals(SQ19 in the Lower Majiagou Formation) of the Ordos Basin,the authors have successfully developed a mathematical formula to divide the distribution of various facies units substantially,such as old lands,submarine uplifts,supratidal zones,intertidal zones and subtidal zones.     

The Progress of Resources and Environment Carrying Capacity: from Single-factor Carrying Capacity Research to Comprehensive Research

As a concept to describe development restrictions, resources and environment carrying capacity (RECC) research has developed over more than 100 years since it was first proposed at the beginning of the 20^th century. It is now regarded as a significant factor in evaluating the level of cooperation between regional population, resources, and environment; and it is currently used as an effective and operational tool to guide regional sustainable development. This article first reviews the origin of RECC and its early headway. It then reviews the historical development of RECC from single factors, such as land resources carrying capacity, water resources carrying capacity and environmental carrying capacity (environmental capacity), to more comprehensive research, such as comprehensive evaluation, emergy analysis, and ecological footprint analysis. In general, it appears that comprehensive research will become increasingly important in RECC research. However, there are several deficiencies in the current state of comprehensive research. Firstly, comprehensive RECC research lacks a common measurement standard, though some scholars have attempted to create one. Secondly, the RECC evaluation of open systems and dynamic studies should be strengthened. Thirdly, more attention should be paid to standardization, digitalization, and systematization to promote the applicability of RECC research to national practical demands.     

空间数据库技术实现定量古地理研究——以鄂尔多斯盆地中奥陶统一个三级层序的形成时间为例

以沉积层序为时间单位进行岩相古地理研究需要对野外剖面、测井、录井、地震、岩心等海量数据进行定量分析对比,而传统的人工方法往往难以有效地管理并利用这些资料。文中使用空间数据库技术将基础地质数据以自然层为单位,按统一标准定量化处理;并以层序为单位计算、统计、分析,提取厚度、白云岩含量、灰泥含量、陆源碎屑含量等反映沉积环境特征的多种单因素,定量绘制各单因素等值线图。在区域地质背景分析的基础上,将各单因素等值线图叠加分析,并探索定量古地理研究方法——通过单因素复合公式计算值划分古地理单元的边界,最终绘制出古地理图。以鄂尔多斯奥陶系马五组上部一个层序时段(464～466Ma)为例,运用上述方法自动识别出古陆、山丘高地、潮上带、潮间带、潮下带等古地理单元。研究表明,空间数据库技术是实现定量古地理的有效手段。     

高效溶藻放线茵BS01发酵培养基及发酵条件优化

从漳江口红树林区采集的沉积物样品中分离到1株放线菌菌株BS01 Brevibacterium sp.,其胞外活性产物对塔玛亚历山大藻Alexandrium tamarense具有明显的溶藻作用.采用单因素及均匀设计,通过摇瓶培养对BS01产溶藻活性物质的发酵培养基及发酵条件进行优化.结果表明,在可溶性淀粉为碳源、硝酸钠为氮源、装液量为40%、起始pH值为7.5、培养温度为28℃、转速为150r·min-1、振荡培养时间为48h的条件时,BS01发酵产物的杀藻活性最强.通过均匀设计进行最佳发酵培养基及培养条件优化的结果为:可溶性淀粉为20g·L-1,硝酸钠为0.5g·L-1,pH为7.7,温度为27.2℃.研究结果为杀藻活性物质高效提取及杀藻机制研究奠定了基础.     

Study on Assessment of Mine Environments

Mine environmental evaluation is the key to mine environmental study. On the basis of the characteristics of the mine environmental problems, they are classified into （1） three wastes problem, （2） ground distortion, （3） contradiction among mine drainage, water supply, ecological environment, （4） desertification, and （5） soil erosion. The evaluation is the basis of mine environmental problem classification and investigation, mine environmental rehabilitation, and the information system constructed can be used for subsequent research of evaluation techniques. A synthetic assessment of the 5 kinds of mine environmental problems can be divided into single-factor or multi-factor synthetic assessments; while by the viewpoint of time, the mine environmental assessment can be classified as the historical assessment, the current status assessment and the forecasting assessment.