缺少控制点的卫星遥感对地目标定位

从单线阵推扫式传感器的成像机理出发，利用6个卫星轨道开普勒参数和3个传感器姿态角建立了推扫式卫星遥感影像坐标与其地面点在地心坐标系下的坐标关系式，即构像方程。按照所建立的构像方程，对某地区一景SPOT-5影像进行对地目标定位，获得了实地上83．392m的平面精度；利用单个地面控制点对卫星轨道开普勒参数和传感器姿态实施调整后，目标定位精度提高到14．217m。试验证实，所建立的构像方程是正确的,在卫星遥感对地目标定位中有较好的应用前景。     

Bi-cubic interpolation for shift-free pan-sharpening

Most of pan-sharpening techniques require the re-sampling of the multi-spectral (MS) image for matching the size of the panchromatic (Pan) image, before the geometric details of Pan are injected into the MS image. This operation is usually performed in a separable fashion by means of symmetric digital low-pass filtering kernels with odd lengths that utilize piecewise local polynomials, typically implementing linear or cubic interpolation functions. Conversely, constant, i.e. nearest-neighbour, and quadratic kernels, implementing zero and two degree polynomials, respectively, introduce shifts in the magnified images, that are sub-pixel in the case of interpolation by an even factor, as it is the most usual case. However, in standard satellite systems, the point spread functions (PSF) of the MS and Pan instruments are centered in the middle of each pixel. Hence, commercial MS and Pan data products, whose scale ratio is an even number, are relatively shifted by an odd number of half pixels. Filters of even lengths may be exploited to compensate the half-pixel shifts between the MS and Pan sampling grids. In this paper, it is shown that separable polynomial interpolations of odd degrees are feasible with linear-phase kernels of even lengths. The major benefit is that bi-cubic interpolation, which is known to represent the best trade-off between performances and computational complexity, can be applied to commercial MS + Pan datasets, without the need of performing a further half-pixel registration after interpolation, to align the expanded MS with the Pan image.     

利用多时相的高光谱航空图像监测冬小麦条锈病

冬小麦发生锈病 ,叶绿素被大量破坏 ,水分蒸滕量大大增加 ,叶片细胞大小、形态、叶片结构发生了改变 ,从而改变了叶片和冠层的光学特性 ,使得遥感探测与评价成为可能。利用多时相的高光谱航空飞行图像数据 ,了解、分析和发现条锈病病害对作物光谱的影响及其光谱特征 ;设计了病害光谱指数 ,成功地监测了冬小麦条锈病病害程度与范围。对比 3个生育期的条锈病与正常生长冬小麦的PHI图像光谱及光谱特征 ,发现 :5 6 0— 6 70nm黄边、红谷波段 ,条锈病病害冬小麦的冠层反射率高于正常生长的冬小麦光谱反射率 ;近红外波段 ,条锈病病害的冠层反射率低于正常生长的冬小麦光谱反射率 ;条锈病冬小麦冠层光谱红谷吸收深度和绿峰的反射峰高度都会减小     

基于PHOTOMOD对不同类型航摄影像进行空三加密的方法研究

在学习PHOTOMOD基本功能的基础上,探索该软件对框幅式影像、卫星影像和推扫式三线阵影像进行空三加密的实现方法。其中,框幅式的实验数据包括传统RC-30胶片式影像以及带POS(POSition Orientation System)数据的UCE相机和UCXP_WA相机拍摄的影像;卫片的实验数据为法国的Pleiades卫星影像;推扫式的实验数据为ADS80 L1级影像。本文从空三加密中内定向、航线划分、同名点匹配和平差计算等主要功能出发,探索并总结了软件对以上影像进行空三加密的实现方法以及存在的主要问题。本文的试验和研究对空三加密和4D产品生产具有一定的参考价值和借鉴意义。     

机载三线阵CCD摄影测量的直接解算模型与精度分析

机载三线阵CCD摄影测量系统是GPS/INS与三线阵CCD相机联合工作的测量系统.通过GPS/INS给出的投影中心位置、视准轴姿态观测值及三线阵CCD像空间坐标,可以直接计算地面点在物空间的坐标.介绍了直接解算的几何模型,并依据共线方程建立地面点像空间坐标与控制点或同名点物空间坐标的关系,从而把问题归结为间接平差,给出了平差的误差方程.最后对直接解算模型进行了精度分析.     

Epipolar resampling of linear pushbroom satellite imagery by a new epipolarity model

This paper presents a practical epipolarity model for high-resolution linear pushbroom satellite images acquired in either along-track or cross-track mode, based on the projection reference plane in object space. A new method for epipolar resampling of satellite stereo imagery based on this model is then developed. In this method, the pixel-to-pixel relationship between the original image and the generated epipolar image is established directly by the geometric sensor model. The approximate epipolar images are generated in a manner similar to digital image rectification. In addition, by arranging the approximate epipolar lines on the defined projection reference plane, a stereoscopic model with consistent ground sampling distance and parallel to the object space is thus available, which is more convenient for three-dimensional measurement and interpretation. The results obtained from SPOT5, IKONOS, IRS-P5, and QuickBird stereo images indicate that the generated epipolar images all achieve high accuracy. Moreover, the vertical parallaxes at check points are at sub-pixel level, thus proving the feasibility, correctness, and applicability of the method.     

ADS40推扫式数字航摄仪试验研究

ADS40是当今最先进的摄影测量系统之一,它采用推扫式三线阵获取影像,可以提供多种类型的数字影像数据。由于配备IMU/DGPS系统,在一定的基站范围内可以在无控制或少量控制点的情况下进行空三平差,极大地减轻了摄影测量外业控制工作量,缩短了生产周期,提高了作业效率。本文就ADS40的原理、数据处理流程,以及ADS40和常规摄影测量的区别,在精度等方面作了阐述和分析,并就其在我国摄影测量领域内的应用进行了展望。     

一种基于物方几何约束的线阵推扫式影像坐标反投影计算的快速算法

根据物点坐标计算其对应的像点坐标即坐标反投影计算,是线阵推扫式影像处理的基础.由于线阵推扫式影像多中心成像的特点,必须通过迭代计算物点在成像时刻对应的扫描行,然后再精确计算物点对应的像点坐标,因此,坐标反投影计算的效率直接影响线阵推扫式影像的处理效率.本文提出一种基于物方几何约束的线阵推扫式影像坐标反投影计算的快速算法.该算法采用了一种高效的基于物方投影几何约束的最佳扫描线搜索策略,基于线阵推扫式影像特有的摄影几何约束,将传统的基于CCD探元焦平面坐标约束的像方迭代搜索过程,转化为基于各扫描行中心投影面约束关系的物方简单几何计算的搜索过程,从而有效地避免了传统像方搜索策略中基于严密传感器数学模型的繁琐计算,有效减少了最佳扫描线搜索的计算量.通过对机载和星载推扫式影像数据的实验,验证了该算法的可行性、精确性和高效性.     

有理函数模型的解算与应用

有理函数模型是各种传感器几何模型更广义和更完善的一种表达形式，它适用于各种不同的传感器。许多卫星影像供应商考虑使用这种模型作为影像数据的传递标准。文中在分析RFM的基础上，结合航空影像和SPOT影像数据对RFM进行了研究。试验结果表明有理函数模型可以达到严格成像模型的精度，并且有能力替代严格成像模型完成摄影测量处理，同时无物理意义的有理函数系数可有效地实现传感器成像参数的隐藏。