层次化网络SCADA通讯模型及其应用

为在大型网络分布式SCADA（Super Control and Data Acquisition）应用系统中解决诸如电力、通信、石油、化工、制造业等行业或领域，在过程、流程、状态方面的数据监视、数据控制、数据采集与数据管理的高效、实时问题，解决各级子系统之间人工逐级汇接的问题，提高应用系统的稳定性、可维护性，这里提出了一种层次化网络SCADA通讯模型。该模型是通过在层次化网络SCADA模型中，引入基于TCP／IP协议的客户机／服务器查询方式数据通讯技术和点对点主动数据传递技术而建立的。根据该模型所设计的产品，经过生产实践证明，应用该模型可以较方便地构造分布在不同区域计算机上的SCADA系统，进行高效的实时通信。该模型为具有多层结构的大型分布式网络化集中SCADA系统的设计、开发，探索出了一条十分有效的新路径。     

基于对等网络技术的气象数据共享服务应用

气象数据共享业务广泛采用了单一资料源向各个目标节点分发的方式,针对这种共享业务的特点,设计并实现了一种基于对等网络技术的气象数据共享应用,提供资料源的共享发布以及节点间的共享访问功能。该应用通过搭建的仿真平台模拟实际业务应用,验证了在全国气象宽带网络上实现共享传输的可行性。在随后的小范围业务试验中进一步证明了该应用能够在特定的业务场景中不增加中心节点资源消耗而提升数据共享的传输效率。     

Landowner Attitudes Toward Conservation Easements: Balancing the Private and Public Interest in Land

Private land conservation provides an opportunity to address problems of habitat fragmentation and biodiversity loss caused by an increase in the development and parcelization of private land. Conservation easements (CEs) are used to protect significant natural qualities of private land. In this study, we explore landowner attitudes toward CEs through the implementation of a mixed-mode survey to private landowners in the Whychus Creek Watershed (Deschutes County, Oregon). The results of an exploratory factor analysis suggest there are two dimensions to landowner attitudes toward CEs, an internal dimension and an external dimension. We found that positive external attitudes are primarily influenced by environmental beliefs, whereas positive internal attitudes are influenced by a suite of factors, including financial beliefs and perceived risk to private ownership. Awareness of CEs may also play a role in attitude development. Through this research, we argue that CEs may be beneficial in reintegrating the public good into private property.     

学术史意识、引证行为与我国学术积累问题——基于人文地理学研究和阅读的个人感知

我国学者在从事学术写作时,基于学术史意识进行诚实引证的观念还有待改进,只在基金项目申请中才做得比较好,使我们的一些学术观点无法归因到最初提出的人,这直接影响了我国学术的积累、提高和影响力。那种不与同行认真对话的意识,不注意学术史并认真诚实地引证的学术文化是到了该改变的时候了。遵守学术规范是学术的基本要求,学者要自律,才能赢得他人的尊重;在自律可能失效的背景下,加强学术产品标准建设,并建立专门的学术诚信办公室,尤为必要,据此可能扭转学术风气,形成正向激励,这是成为学术强国的必由之路。     

A rationale for accrediting GIScience programs

The accreditation of GIS programs was first proposed more than 25 years ago as a means of encouraging consistency in instructional content and learning outcomes across many new GIS programs being developed at U.S. colleges and universities. However, in lieu of a peer review system to evaluate the quality of instruction, the GIS community focused instead on certification programs for recognizing and rewarding competency and professionalism among persons already in the workforce. With hundreds of colleges and universities now offering formal programs in GIScience ranging from certificates to undergraduate and graduate degrees, it may be an appropriate time reconsider rewards associated with accreditation. This article argues that accreditation can benefit institutions, students, and GIScience employers by directing attention to “upstream” and formative elements in the preparation of entry-level GIScience professionals that can potentially complement “downstream” and summative programs for recognizing experienced GIScience professionals such as certification. Along with providing detail about the implementation and administration of accreditation, we explore accreditation processes in surveying and engineering as possible pathways for accrediting academic GIScience programs.     

The nature of publishing and assessment in Geography and Environmental Studies: evidence from the Research Assessment Exercise 2008

We present a summary of the kinds of outputs submitted to the Geography and Environmental Studies sub-panel (H-32) for the 2008 Research Assessment Exercise (RAE), and examine the relationships between the peer assessment of research quality that the RAE process has typified, and alternative modes of assessment based on bibliometrics. This comparison is effected using (in aggregate form) some of the results from the RAE, together with citation data gathered after completion of the RAE assessment, specifically for the purpose of this paper. We conclude that, if it continues to be necessary and desirable to assess, in some measure and however imprecisely, research quality, then peer assessment cannot be replaced by bibliometrics. Bibliometrics permit measurement of something that may be linked to quality but is essentially a different phenomenon – a measure of 'impact', for example.     

基于同行评审视角的地理学论文写作与投稿

地理学论文是地理学研究成果的重要体现形式,也是地理科技信息传递和存储的重要载体。如何将科研成果以论文形式较快地发表于影响力较大的科技期刊,让科研成果得到社会认可,是地理工作者最关心的问题。在分析地理学论文的潜在期刊类型及目标期刊的选择原则基础上,指出具有统一在线采编系统的期刊集群将成为发展趋势并极大地方便作者投稿。在分析了当前学术期刊同行评审形式及同行评审专家选择原则的基础上,从同行评审视角对论文写作过程中的选题创新性、研究方法、摘要、引言、讨论与结论、地理图表、参考文献等内容进行了探讨。最后,在分析同行审稿意见类型的基础上,将同行评审意见概括为修稿或退稿2种类型,针对性地提出作者应如何根据审稿意见进行论文修改并对审稿意见进行回复;对于退稿意见,也应该认真分析同行专家的评审意见,找出文章的问题所在,进行文章研究方法、研究内容等方面的全面修改或完善,在确定解决相关问题后再重新投稿。地理学论文是地理学研究成果的重要体现形式,也是地理科技信息传递和存储的重要载体。如何将科研成果以论文形式较快地发表于影响力较大的科技期刊,让科研成果得到社会认可,是地理工作者最关心的问题。在分析地理学论文的潜在期刊类型及目标期刊的选择原则基础上,指出具有统一在线采编系统的期刊集群将成为发展趋势并极大地方便作者投稿。在分析了当前学术期刊同行评审形式及同行评审专家选择原则的基础上,从同行评审视角对论文写作过程中的选题创新性、研究方法、摘要、引言、讨论与结论、地理图表、参考文献等内容进行了探讨。最后,在分析同行审稿意见类型的基础上,将同行评审意见概括为修稿或退稿2种类型,针对性地提出作者应如何根据审稿意见进行论文修改并对审稿意见进行回复;对于退稿意见,也应该认真分析同行专家的评审意见,找出文章的问题所在,进行文章研究方法、研究内容等方面的全面修改或完善,在确定解决相关问题后再重新投稿。     

在大学英语写作中有效地使用集体讨论

试图在大学英语写作课堂中引用集体讨论这一方法。背景部分讲述了四川大学大学英语教学的现状以及所教学生的大概情况。罗列了一堂以集体讨论为主的写作课的具体步骤，并从成品写作到步骤写作的体系转变，互助学习。以及集体讨论的好处三方面论述其理论和教学依据。     

一种基于CS和P2P混合结构的IM系统的设计与实现

介绍了一种基于CS和P2P混合结构，采用Web Service来实现服务器端主要服务的IM系统的实现，该方法能够有效地减轻服务器的负荷。实践证明，该方法用于IM系统中是可行而且有效的。