论现代航海技术与高等航海教育

针对航海技术的现状和发展趋势 ,提出了高等航海教育应向国际化、高素质化、现代化、技能化、规范化发展 ,以培养高素质的国际航运人才。     

Implementation of High Resolution Tidal Current Fields in Electronic Navigational Chart Systems

A system for displaying tidal currents in an electronic chart display and information system (ECDIS) has been developed and implemented in compliance with the standards of the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO). The tidal current fields can be displayed in real time on the electronic navigational chart and several options and functions for updating and zooming have been designed. The current fields are calculated from a data base with the harmonic constants for the four major tidal constituents. The harmonic constants are obtained from a high resolution numerical model with horizontal grid resolution of 100 m. The model is validated by comparing with sea level and current measurements. The depth matrix for the central part of the model domain was calculated from data from multibeam bathymetric surveys. An application example of the implementation is given for Trondheimsleia, a part of the main sailing route along the western coast of Norway.     

福建省泉州晋江大桥桥位方案通航技术分析

福建省泉州晋江大桥位于晋江顺济桥至户坑口河段,桥梁横跨晋江两岸,拟选桥位方案为合成氨厂桥位和前埔桥位,本文通过对两个拟选桥位进行桥区河床演变、水流条件分析和通航要求论证。对拟选晋江大桥两个桥位方案进行必选,推荐合理的桥位方案,为大桥桥位的选择提供了科学的依据,对同类桥梁选址具有一定的参考价值     

一种ENC数据在空间信息平台下的转换方法

通过解析电子航海图(electronic navigational chart,ENC)的数据空间组织结构与数据模型,提出一种利用数据存储方式建设ENC专题数据库的方法,这种存储方式解决了多物标类多属性的统一存储问题,简化了数据的存储结构.同时,基于设计的ENC数据解析与读取方法,结合ENC动态符号化技术,在空间信息平...     

航海图四面体模型和未来发展

在信息与通信技术(information and communications technology,ICT)时代,电子航海图(electronic navigational chart,ENC)的迅猛发展使得纸质海图的未来引起航海界的广泛讨论.借鉴地图四面体模型,从4个层面探讨了航海图领域实地、纸质海图、电子海图和用...     

基于“永盛轮”航线冰情分析的北极东北航线通航性研究

海冰冰情是开发、利用北极航道的关键信息,研究利用2006—2015年北极地区逐日海冰密集度数据,根据2013年"永盛轮"首航北极东北航道时所经航线为例,提取了航线冰情要素,包括航线通航窗口、逐日海冰密集度时空分布以及海冰密集度月标准差等,对航线通航条件进行了研究。根据航线冰情要素获得了十年间航线通航窗口的基本情况,十年间航线所经水域的大体通航情况和主要冰障位置,7—10月份航线所经水域海冰密集度的变化动态。通过对航线冰情要素的分析,得出影响航线的两个关键海域,并分析了"永盛轮"航线与关键水域航线通航窗口的变化趋势。     

典型北斗低成本导航型与测量型终端定位性能初步对比分析

基于不同类型北斗终端的共天线零基线实测数据,从伪距标准单点定位、单频伪距相对定位以及单历元单频载波相位相对定位等方面,比较一款典型低成本导航型北斗终端与一款典型高性能测量型北斗终端的定位性能差异。结果表明,导航型北斗终端相比于测量型终端,其伪距单点定位和伪距相对定位的精度稍差,但载波相位相对定位精度差距十分明显,无法实现cm级的定位。     

Morphological Evolution and Its Response to the Navigational Improvements in the North Passage,Yangtze Estuary

By use of bathymetric chart,recent change of the riverbed in the North Passage of the Yangtze Estuary has been studied in this paper.The main channel of the upper,middle and lower(section)in the North Passage has been successively eroded and its groin field significantly deposited.At the same time,sediment has been deposited on the entrance region.Erosion and deposition had responded rapidly to the construction of the regulation engineering.There was about one year duration of lagging between erosion in the deep channel and the construction of the regulation engineering.The siltation lag of time in the groin field varied with the initial depth,but the average deposited thickness was about 0.5 m per year.Volumetric analysis demonstrates that there is a increasing trend of siltation in the North Passage after 2002,because of the difference in duration and quantity between erosion in the deep channel and deposition in the groin field.The water volume of the North Passage was reduced by ≈9%(280 million m3)between 2002 and 2006.Sediment budget reveals that the main sediment deposited in the North Passage takes its source from the river and the ocean.The decreasing water volume was attributable to shoaling in the groin field.Its triggering factors for increased sedimentation are the navigational improvements(jetties and groins)after 1998,which altered the passage boundary and destroyed the equilibrium state on the average ebb and flood sediment fluxes.The establishment of a stable estuary is attributed to a reduction in depth of the groin field.The forecast on the sediment deposition quantity and continuous infilling time in the groin system is about 325×106m3 and 6～7 years,respectively.     

基于军用小型水下运载器的组合导航定位系统研究

随着科学技术的不断发展,现代战争对武器装备提出了更新、更高的要求,由于受水域作战条件的限制.特种部队所使用的水下运栽器无法做到精确的导航定位,作战效能远没有得到充分的发挥.针对我国军用小型水下运栽器的需要,设计了组合导航定位系统,并介绍了系统组成、系统工作流程,通过试验验证.此系统性能优良.     

Hierarchical polygonization for generating and updating lane-based road network information for navigation from road markings

Lane-based road network information, such as lane geometry, destination, lane changing, and turning information, is important in vehicle navigation, driving assistance system, and autonomous driving. Such information, when available, is mainly input manually. However, manual methods for creating and updating data are not only costly but also time-consuming, labor-intensive, and prone to long delays. This paper proposes a hierarchical polygonization method for automatic generation and updating of lane-level road network data for navigation from a road marking database that is managed by government transport department created by digitizing or extraction from aerial images. The proposed method extends the hierarchy of a road structure from ‘road–carriageway–lane’ to ‘road–carriageway–lane–basic lane’. Basic lane polygons are constructed from longitudinal road markings, and their associated navigational attributes, such as turning information and speed limit, are obtained from transverse road markings by a feature-in-polygon overlay approach. A hierarchical road network model and detailed algorithms are also illustrated in this paper. The proposed method can accelerate the process of generating and updating lane-level navigation information and can be an important component of a road marking information system for road management.