ISO2002: an analytical stochastic model of multi-difference GPS carrier-phase data

The differencing technique is useful in global positioning system (GPS) positioning when two or more GPS receivers collect simultaneous observables from common satellites at each epoch, and all carrier-phase observables have the same normal distribution. An analytical probability distribution of the single-, double-, triple- and multi-difference GPS observables is obtained. This analytical model, called ISO2002, has a good matrix structure, in which I indicates the number of receivers, S indicates the number of observed satellites, and O indicates the number of epochs. The variance–covariance matrix can be expressed as the Kronecker product of several small matrices, so its inverse is equal to the Kronecker product of the inverses of these sub-matrices. Moreover, these small matrices are circulant or symmetric diagonal Toeplitz matrices, so their inverses have analytical solutions. The analytical model ISO2002 proposed to compute the inverse variance–covariance matrix is shown to be very effective.     

GPS多差相位观测量数学相关性的分析表示

给出了GPS载波相位测量中Ⅰ个测站同步观测S颗相同卫星0个观测历元所在弧段内单差、双差、三差乃至更高次差分相位观测量之间数学相关性的分析表示.它克服了多条基线同时求解时无法精确顾及多差相位观测量之间相关性的缺陷,使得单、多基线矢量解算无需用大型矩阵求逆就能得到相关权阵,只需列出误差方程,组成法矩阵后求解有限个待估参数,从而极大地提高了求解速度,具有重要的实用价值.