全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2555篇 |
免费 | 312篇 |
国内免费 | 261篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 878篇 |
大气科学 | 308篇 |
地球物理 | 632篇 |
地质学 | 591篇 |
海洋学 | 217篇 |
天文学 | 21篇 |
综合类 | 226篇 |
自然地理 | 255篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 12篇 |
2023年 | 29篇 |
2022年 | 51篇 |
2021年 | 69篇 |
2020年 | 79篇 |
2019年 | 131篇 |
2018年 | 99篇 |
2017年 | 126篇 |
2016年 | 145篇 |
2015年 | 128篇 |
2014年 | 154篇 |
2013年 | 192篇 |
2012年 | 137篇 |
2011年 | 156篇 |
2010年 | 123篇 |
2009年 | 133篇 |
2008年 | 136篇 |
2007年 | 131篇 |
2006年 | 120篇 |
2005年 | 117篇 |
2004年 | 105篇 |
2003年 | 97篇 |
2002年 | 61篇 |
2001年 | 67篇 |
2000年 | 67篇 |
1999年 | 56篇 |
1998年 | 67篇 |
1997年 | 55篇 |
1996年 | 47篇 |
1995年 | 37篇 |
1994年 | 28篇 |
1993年 | 36篇 |
1992年 | 18篇 |
1991年 | 19篇 |
1990年 | 13篇 |
1989年 | 13篇 |
1988年 | 12篇 |
1987年 | 9篇 |
1986年 | 13篇 |
1985年 | 11篇 |
1984年 | 5篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 8篇 |
1981年 | 4篇 |
1980年 | 5篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
1954年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有3128条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
2.
Eight-year-old Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) plots located in South Carolina were evaluated using high resolution aircraft multispectral scanner data to determine if biomass could be accurately measured. Sixteen pine plots located on both sandy and clay soils were treated with 0, 180, or 360 kg. (approximately 0, 400, or 800 lb.) of nitrogen per plot. Indices of biomass from remote sensing data were significantly correlated with in situ biomass measurements made in each plot. A ratio of infrared (.9–1.1 μm) and red (.65–.70 μm) channels yielded the best correlation. The indices were not sensitive to differences in soil type (sandy or clay). 相似文献
3.
Angelika van der Linde 《Mathematical Geology》1993,25(1):1-7
Least squares estimation (LSE) is theoretically related to quadratic unbiased estimation of variance components. It is argued that these methods of estimation of variance components essentially generalize LSE though they are not formally equivalent. 相似文献
4.
A modified method of mine tremors location used in Lubin Copper Mine is presented in the paper. In mines where an intensive exploration is carried out a high accuracy source location technique is usually required. The effect of the flatness of the geophones array, complex geological structure of the rock mass and intense exploitation make the location results ambiguous in such mines. In the present paper an effective method of source location and location's error evaluations are presented, combining data from two different arrays of geophones. The first consists of uniaxial geophones spaced in the whole mine area. The second is installed in one of the mining panels and consists of triaxial geophones. The usage of the data obtained from triaxial geophones allows to increase the hypocenter vertical coordinate precision. The presented two-step location procedure combines standard location methods: P-waves directions and P-waves arrival times. Using computer simulations the efficiency of the created algorithm was tested. The designed algorithm is fully non-linear and was tested on the multilayered rock mass model of the Lubin Copper Mine, showing a computational better efficiency than the traditional P-wave arrival times location algorithm. In this paper we present the complete procedure that effectively solves the non-linear location problems, i.e. the mine tremor location and measurement of the error propagation. 相似文献
5.
This paper investigates the use of data assimilation in coastal area morphodynamic modelling using Morecambe Bay as a study site. A simple model of the bay has been enhanced with a data assimilation scheme to better predict large-scale changes in bathymetry observed in the bay over a 3-year period. The 2DH decoupled morphodynamic model developed for the work is described, as is the optimal interpolation scheme used to assimilate waterline observations into the model run. Each waterline was acquired from a SAR satellite image and is essentially a contour of the bathymetry at some level within the inter-tidal zone of the bay. For model parameters calibrated against validation observations, model performance is good, even without data assimilation. However the use of data assimilation successfully compensates for a particular failing of the model, and helps to keep the model bathymetry on track. It also improves the ability of the model to predict future bathymetry. Although the benefits of data assimilation are demonstrated using waterline observations, any observations of morphology could potentially be used. These results suggest that data assimilation should be considered for use in future coastal area morphodynamic models. 相似文献
6.
7.
A Reconstruction of Observed Profiles in the Sea East of Japan Using Vertical Coupled Temperature-Salinity EOF Modes 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
It is important to estimate hard-to-observe parameters in the ocean interior from easy-to-observe parameters. This study therefore
demostrates a reconstruction of observed temperature and salinity profiles of the sea east of Japan (30°≈40°N, 140°≈150°E).
The reconstruction was done by estimating suboptimal state from several values of the observed profiles and/or sea surface
dynamic height (SDH) calculated from the profiles. The estimation used a variational method with vertical coupled temperature-salinity
empirical orthogonal function (EOF) modes. Profiles of temperature and salinity in the subtropical region are effectively
reconstructed from in situ temperature profile data, or sea surface temperature (SST) and SDH. For example, the analyzed temperature field from SST
and SDH has an accuracy to within 1°C in the subtropical region. Salinity in the sea north of Kuroshio, however, is difficult
to estimate because of its complex variability which is less correlated with temperature than in the subtropical region. Sea
surface salinity is useful to estimate the subsurface structure. We also show the possibility that the estimation is improved
by considering nonlinearity in the equation calculating SDH from temperature and salinity analysis values in order to examine
the misfit between analysis and observation. Analysis using TOPEX/POSEIDON altimetry data instead of SDH was also performed.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
8.
Sylvie Labroue Philippe Gaspar Joel Dorandeu Oz Zanif F. Mertz Patrick Vincent Denis Choquet 《Marine Geodesy》2004,27(3):453-481
The Jason-1 sea state bias (SSB) is analyzed in depth from the first year of GDR products. Compared to previous missions, this work benefits from two aspects of the empirical determination of the SSB from the altimetric data themselves. First, from a methodological point of view, a nonparametric technique (NP) has been developed and largely tested on TOPEX/Poseidon 1, GFO and Envisat data. The NP estimator has proven to be a useful tool in the SSB estimation, and it is now mature enough to be used for a refined analysis. On the other hand, the SSB can be extracted from three different data sets (crossovers, collinear data, and residuals) with different characteristics. It is then possible to cross calibrate various estimations of the SSB models and to determine the most accurate one. A systematic comparison is made between these different estimates for the Jason-1 altimeter. The collinear and crossover data sets yield very similar estimates despite their difference of spatial and temporal distributions. These SSB models assure consistency with the TOPEX mission when comparing Jason-1 and TOPEX residuals during the tandem phase. Thanks to the present work, the impact of the short wavelengths filtering on the SSB estimation is evidenced. More generally, our understanding of potential errors affecting the sea surface height and their impact onto the SSB estimation is also improved. 相似文献
9.
10.