Site fidelity and movements of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) in a coastal lagoon (Ria Formosa, Portugal)

Short-time site fidelity and movements of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) in a coastal lagoon were determined using passive acoustic telemetry. Nine fish, ranging from 20.1 to 32.5 cm total length, were surgically implanted with acoustic transmitters and monitored for up to 179 days. Minimum convex polygon areas ranged from 18,698.6 m² to 352,711.9 m². Home range sizes were small, with individuals using core areas on a daily basis. However, these core areas shifted within the study site over time towards the opening to the sea. Two different diel behaviors were recorded, with some individuals more active at night and others during day time. Some individuals also demonstrated homing abilities, returning to the capture site after being released more than 4 km away.     

地壳上层水平位移与江西省二叠纪沉积相带的畸变

江西省茅口—龙潭期地层研究的较为详细,可分为3区6小区,反映出当时古地理条件下所形成的不同沉积相带,它们沿走向相当稳定,沿倾向则有规律递变。但目前这种有规律的分布已经错乱,通过地层对比推知在武夷山、武功山及九岭山等地均发生过较大规模的水平位移。正是这种水平位移导致了江西省二叠纪沉积相带的畸变与古地理图失真。目前这些山区的核心部位均无盖层,其原因不仅仅在于风化剥蚀,构造剥蚀可能是更重要的因素。     

三种高保真遥感影像融合方法效果评价与分析

图像融合是解决多源遥感图像信息综合的最有效技术手段,针对不同数据源选择最佳的融合方法是提高图像融合质量的关键。本文在介绍三种新的融合方法:Gram-Schmidt、Pansharp和Ehlers融合基本原理和融合过程的基础上,选择广东新会郊区的QuickBird卫星影像为数据源进行试验。对融合结果从定性和定量角度进行综合评价。定性评价包括色调、纹理和清晰度等;定量评价指标包括均值、标准差、信息熵、平均梯度、相关系数和相对偏差等。所选指标能够反映空间分辨率、信息量和保持融合图像的光谱性质等,以便客观准确地评价融合效果。试验结果表明:三种融合方法都有较高的空间结构信息与光谱信息的保真度。其中,Pansharp方法融合结果图像所含量信息最大,细节信息最丰富;而光谱保真方面:Gram-Schmidt方法最好,其它两种融合方法次之。     

利用直方图匹配和低通滤波改进的SVR融合算法

针对SVR融合算法光谱失真的现象,提出了一种基于低通滤波和直方图匹配的改进SVR算法,即SVRFM算法。以IKONOS影像为实验数据,从光谱保真度和高频信息融入度两个方面将SVRFM与小波变换、SVR、Pansharp、Ehlers和Gram-Schmidt等算法的融合结果进行了定性和定量对比。结果表明,SVRFM算法的融合影像光谱信息失真小,高频信息融入度高。     

遥感图像准无损压缩技术的研究

提出了一种基于图像恢复技术的遥感图像压缩技术,在提高遥感图像压缩比的同时,使压缩后的重建图像质量达到准无损的技术要求。对SRTF、TM图像的试验结果表明,该技术是可行的。     

RS影像融合效果评价

近年来多源遥感影像融合技术发展迅速,融合方法研究日趋完善,然而融合影像效果评价始终没有统一标准。在系统分析传统评价指标的基础上,从光谱保真度、高频信息融入度两个方面对融合影像的评价进行综合分析,并在这两个方面建立了光谱信息指数与高频信息指数两个指标,然后对其进行综合建立信息量指数,从而在信息量方面加以评价,从而形成一套完整的评价体系。最后应用融合实例对创建的评价体系进行了验证。     

Philopatry and dispersal of juvenile leervis Lichia amia (Teleostei: Carangidae) tagged in a warm-temperate South African estuary

Understanding and characterising movement and area-use patterns of fishes within estuaries, as well as understanding the degree of connectivity between estuaries and the marine environment, can provide important insights into a species’ ecology, which is fundamental for effective management and conservation. Mark-and-recapture data obtained from the 082 TAG FISH Project, a dart-tagging programme, were used to describe movement patterns of juvenile leervis Lichia amia in the permanently open Swartkops Estuary, South Africa, as well as the degree of connectivity with the adjacent marine environment. A total of 628 juvenile leervis were tagged from 2008 to 2015, of which 77 fish (12.3%) were recaptured, with juveniles comprising 85.7% of all measured recaptures. The majority of recaptures (75.3%) were made within the Swartkops Estuary, indicating estuarine philopatry, with 23.4% having moved less than 1 km, revealing site fidelity, but most (51.9%) displaying estuarine roaming. A smaller portion of recaptures (27.7%) had dispersed to other habitats; 16 (20.8%) displayed multiple-habitat connectivity, while only 3 (3.9%) had undertaken long-distance movements (>100 km) and were recaptured up to 825 km northeast of the Swartkops Estuary. Lichia amia that had moved greater distances were characterised by a greater mean size and age at the time of recapture. This study provides valuable information on the philopatry and dispersal of juvenile L. amia.     

Intra-archipelago moult dispersion of southern elephant seals at the Prince Edward Islands,southern Indian Ocean

During three summer surveys at Prince Edward Island (PEI), southern Indian Ocean (2001, 2004 and 2008), 416 southern elephant seals Mirounga leonina were inspected for identification tags. In all, 42 seals that had been tagged as weaned pups at their natal site were found on Marion Island (MI), 38 of which could be individually identified by resighting their tag numbers. The majority of the MI-tagged seals were yearlings or subadults, and all but one were hauled out at PEI for the annual moult. The attendance rate of the known individuals at their natal island during the annual moult was only 40%, based on their resighting histories. This was significantly lower than the 77 ± 6% moult attendance rate estimated for a random MI population sample drawn from the same cohorts (based on 10 000 replications). Annual resight probabilities (considering all haulout phases) was 58% per annum for the MI seals seen at PEI, and 80 ± 4% for the simulation. Seasonal and annual absences of seals from MI violate the ‘homogeneity of capture’ assumption of mark-recapture models. When multiple sightings during any year are treated as a single sighting, resights during other haulouts (e.g. breeding) compensate only partially for absences during the moult. Therefore, mark-recapture studies undertaken in archipelagos should ideally include both marking and resighting of individuals on all islands which will allow discrimination between mortality and local migration.