塔里木溢流玄武岩火山通道的三维结构及其热成因气体释放

塔里木上奥陶统-志留系沉积地层中广泛发育早二叠世溢流玄武岩的火山通道相岩床-岩墙网络。三维地震数据解释结果显示,这些火山通道以平行围岩地层的岩床和斜切围岩地层的"碟状岩床"为主要特征。在玄武岩喷发过程中,火山通道岩浆的热量可以导致沉积围岩发生热接触变质并将沉积围岩中的有机质转化为"热成因气体"。在塔北英买2井区火山通道烘烤沉积围岩模型基础上,利用有限元热模拟方法确定了该区早二叠世玄武岩喷发时火山通道热烘烤影响范围随时间的变化。基于沉积围岩有机质丰度估算,该区热烘烤成因甲烷释放量可达11.3Gt(即113亿吨)。如果整个塔里木溢流玄武岩省具有与英买2地区相同的释放强度,则塔里木溢流玄武岩省活动期间释放的甲烷总量可达7062.5Gt,必然导致非常显著的环境效应。同时,玄武岩火山通道岩浆引起的热接触变质作用对已存在的油藏具有明显的破坏作用,塔里木盆地古生界总量约8~10Gt的油藏破坏和大量沥青的形成可能与此有关。     

可靠性数学在斜坡稳定性分析中的应用

本文将可靠性数学的相关理论引入斜坡稳定分析中，结合斜坡在变形破坏中的各影响因素均具有一定随机性的实际情况，提出了基于概率方法的斜坡稳定性可靠性计算公式，具有一定的现实意义。     

汶川8．0级特大地震汉源县震害特点与烈度异常成因探讨

本文在汉源县地震灾害调查的基础上,通过收集前人在该区已取得的成果资料,采用综合分析、类比等方法,对汉源县地震烈度异常区震害及造成异常的原因进行了分析探讨。汉源县建筑物破坏形式以水平地震作用造成的“X”型剪切破坏为主,竖向地震造成的破坏较少。地震波传播路径、场地土层条件和地形地貌条件三者的耦合是造成汉源县烈度异常的主要原因,其中场地土层中占优势厚度的砾石层是造成场地地震波放大的主要内因。本文取得的初步结论为更加深入地科学研究本区地震烈度异常的原因提供了新思路。     

GPS系统对抗研究

分析了GPS系统的工作原理和弱点，介绍了三种对抗GPS系统的方法，并提出对抗GPS系统的几点措施。     

层状岩石的强度和变形特性研究

从岩石在单轴压应力状态下的性态和岩石工程问题的应用出发,论述了黑灰色钙质页岩岩块层理结构面夹角θ对其破坏特征、强度特性和变形性态的影响。     

煤矿井筒重复破坏的化学注浆治理

兴隆庄矿西风井井筒事隔5a后第二次发生破坏,原因是松散层失水造成第四系压缩下沉。经分析论证,采用地面注水泥浆-化学浆复合注浆工艺,通过浆液在裂隙中流动、凝胶、劈裂、充填,可实现对岩体裂隙的封堵,达到控水、增强、防止沉降的目的。      

断裂对泥岩盖层破坏程度综合定量研究方法及其应用

为了研究断裂在油气聚集与保存中的作用,在断裂对泥岩盖层破坏作用机理及影响因素研究的基础上,采用断裂断距与泥岩盖层厚度比较和断层岩排替压力与泥岩盖层排替压力比较的研究方法,建立了一套断裂对泥岩盖层破坏程度的综合定量研究方法。并选取构造盆地徐家围子断陷营城组14个火山岩气藏中的断裂为例,对其对火山岩气藏泥岩盖层破坏程度进行了综合定量研究,结果表明,徐家围子断陷营城组14个火山岩气藏断裂对泥岩盖层的破坏程度仅个别较强其余以弱为主,有利于天然气的聚集与保存,这是断陷营城组火山岩中能找到大量天然气藏的一个重要原因。这一应用结果表明该方法用于断裂对泥岩盖层破坏程度综合定量研究是可行的。     

基坑（边坡）工程杂填土治理技术

介绍了杂填土及其特征,明确了杂填土边坡适用圆弧式破坏模式,通过案例分析了几种杂填土的治理方法,强调要重视杂填土对基坑边坡的影响,根据杂填土的具体状况确定治理方案。     

Consolidation of sensitive clay with vertical drain

The coefficient of consolidation is one of the most important parameters that control the rate of consolidation. Conventional consolidation theories assume that the coefficient of consolidation is constant during the whole consolidation process. In the case of sensitive clay, the coefficient of consolidation is strongly dependent on the level of effective stress of clay. With the dissipation of pore water pressure and the increase of effective stress, the soil structure of the upper subsoil is gradually destroyed downwards and its coefficient of consolidation becomes smaller. At the same time, the coefficient of permeability of the vertical drains drops down because of the kinking or bending effect. The destructured upper subsoil and the kinking of the vertical drain hinder the dissipation of the pore pressure in the lower subsoil. This paper presents a model to describe the above important phenomena during the consolidation of sensitive clay with vertical drain. The solution for proposed model can be obtained by extending the closed‐form solution of the consolidation of double‐layered ground with vertical drain by the interactive method introducing the concept of the moving boundary and the reduction of discharge capacity of vertical drain. The numerical results obtained from the finite element method package PLAXIS (Ver. 7.2) are adopted to compare those obtained from the present algorithm. Moreover, the rationality of the moving boundary is explained by the distributions of the excess pore water pressure in natural soil zone along the radial direction. Wenzhou airport project is taken as a case study in this paper. The results for the sensitive soil with decaying sand drain agree very well with the in situ measured data. The calculated results can properly explain two general phenomena observed in the consolidation of soft sensitive soil ground with vertical drains: one is that the time to achieve the same consolidation degree is much longer under heavy loading than that under light loading; the other is that the consolidation speed is much slower in the lower subsoil than in the upper subsoil. Finally, it is indicated that the vertical drains can decrease the hindrance effect of the destructured subsoil. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

盈江5.8级地震的震害特征及破坏机理

介绍了盈江5.8级地震震区的建(构)筑物、生命线系统和水利设施的概况,阐述了各类建(构)筑物、生命线系统和水利设施的震害特征及破坏机理.最后提出了震区在恢复重建与规划发展时的建议、建(构)筑物在选址、施工、抗震设防方面的经验教训、各类建(构)筑物加强抗震的措施.