二维电子地图和三维虚拟场景的互响应

本文提出了基于二维电子地图与三维虚拟场景之间相互响应的思想来克服它们各自的局限性.简要的描述了相互响应的原理、表现形式、实现流程及实现方法.最后提出了一些结论和展望.     

图像获取条件对SPOT景像的影响

图像获取条件对ＳＰＯＴ景像的构成有极大影响，也直接影响对ＳＰＯＴ图像的处理方法。ＳＰＯＴ图像的辅助数据在解析或数字处理中有重要应用。本文对ＳＰＯＴ卫星与视点间的地心角、节距角ω卫星与视点的纬度差异、景像方位角Ｔ、景像尺寸和ＳＰＯＴ图像格网参考系统ＧＲＳ中（Ｋ，Ｊ）与（λ， Ｂ）换算公式进行了推证和分析，并以ＳＰＯＴ辅助数据验证了（Ｋ，Ｊ）与（λ，Ｂ）换算的精度。     

The effects of scene heterogeneity on soil moisture retrieval from passive microwave data

The τ–ω model of microwave emission from soil and vegetation layers is widely used to estimate soil moisture content from passive microwave observations. Its application to prospective satellite-based observations aggregating several thousand square kilometres requires understanding of the effects of scene heterogeneity. The effects of heterogeneity in soil surface roughness, soil moisture, water area and vegetation density on the retrieval of soil moisture from simulated single- and multi-angle observing systems were tested. Uncertainty in water area proved the most serious problem for both systems, causing errors of a few percent in soil moisture retrieval. Single-angle retrieval was largely unaffected by the other factors studied here. Multiple-angle retrievals errors around one percent arose from heterogeneity in either soil roughness or soil moisture. Errors of a few percent were caused by vegetation heterogeneity. A simple extension of the model vegetation representation was shown to reduce this error substantially for scenes containing a range of vegetation types.     

矿山三维场景漫游系统的设计与实现

基于三维建模软件Multigen Creator Pro，结合矿山项目需求，研究了矿山三维场景建立的方法，成功建立了视觉效果较好的矿山三维场景，并利用仿真软件Vega Prime和组件GIS—MapObjects，对三维场景的渲染、驱动和二维三维互动进行了设计和开发，取得了良好的效果，从而设计了一种有效的矿山视景仿真技术。     

Reflectance variation in boreal landscape during the snow melting period using airborne imaging spectroscopy

We aim a better understanding of the effect of spring-time snow melt on the remotely sensed scene reflectance by using an extensive amount of optical spectral data obtained from an airborne hyperspectral campaign in Northern Finland. We investigate the behaviour of thin snow reflectance for different land cover types, such as open areas, boreal forests and treeless fells. Our results not only confirm the generally known fact that the reflectance of a melting thin snow layer is considerably lower than that of a thick snow layer, but we also present analyses of the reflectance variation over different land covers and in boreal forests as a function of canopy coverage. According to common knowledge, the highly variating reflectance spectra of partially transparent, most likely also contaminated thin snow pack weakens the performance of snow detection algorithms, in particular in the mapping of Fractional Snow Cover (FSC) during the end of the melting period. The obtained results directly support further development of the SCAmod algorithm for FSC retrieval, and can be likewise applied to develop other algorithms for optical satellite data (e.g. spectral unmixing methods), and to perform accuracy assessments for snow detection algorithms.A useful part of this work is the investigation of the competence of Normalized Difference Snow Index (NDSI) in snow detection in late spring, since it is widely used in snow mapping. We conclude, based on the spectral data analysis, that the NDSI -based snow mapping is more accurate in open areas than in forests. However, at the very end of the snow melting period the behavior of the NDSI becomes more unstable and unpredictable in non-forests with shallow snow, increasing the inaccuracy also in non-forested areas. For instance in peatbogs covered by melting snow layer (snow depth < 30 cm) the mean NDSI -0.6 was observed, having coefficient of variation as high as 70%, whereas for deeper snow packs the mean NDSI shows positive values.     

基于OSGEarth的城市三维地物模型组织与调度研究

基于OSG开源工程采用可见性裁剪、LOD与动态调度等技术,分别对静态加载模型、静态加载LOD模型、动态加载和结合四叉树动态加载、瓦片式动态加载等进行试验分析,研究了城市三维地物模型的组织与调度方式,实现了基于OSGEarth城市三维场景构建,取得了良好的效果,为城市三维信息服务平台的建设提供空间框架和理论支持。     

海洋环境三维场景关键技术研究

为了满足海洋科研和工程开发工作对海洋环境进行直观模拟和表达的应用需求,本文运用MFC交互框架和OSG三维渲染引擎,研究节点访问器、回调机制、事件处理以及消息传递等三维交互关键技术,从地形模型构建、海水仿真、坐标映射以及场景剪裁等几个方面对海洋环境三维场景构建和渲染技术进行研究和开发,实现了界面友好的海洋环境三维交互场景,以便进一步对海洋环境特征和现象进行仿真和模拟。     

嫦娥二号探测器在轨运行视景仿真系统的研究与实现

针对嫦娥二号探测器在轨运行阶段的仿真需求,充分发挥视景仿真的优势,利用嫦娥一号探测器获得的地形和影像数据、日地月嫦娥二号探测器星历数据,基于OSG(OpenScene Graph)设计了针对嫦娥二号任务的在轨运行视景仿真系统。论述了该系统的开发平台,系统总体框架,并对系统的实现进行了详细描述。论述了月球模型数据构建,嫦娥二号探测器构建,星历数据库构建与访问,仿真实体空间位置的实时更新,CCD立体相机探测过程的仿真,视点的控制等实现方法。仿真结果表明系统完全能满足嫦娥二号任务在轨运行仿真的要求,并已应用于嫦娥二号任务执行过程中。     

黄河流域三维地形飞行模型开发的技术流程与方法

三维可视化技术为人们描述现实中的三维世界提供了很大的方便和可能性。本文阐述了运用PCI、ArcGIS8.0及多媒体技术建立黄河流域三维飞行虚拟场景的构造方法以及飞行浏览的全过程。     

武陵源风景区地质灾害类型及其成因分析

本文以武陵源风景区石英砂岩峰林中崩塌、滑坡地质灾害为主要研究对象,分析了不同崩塌、滑坡体的成因及分布规律,以供旅游减灾防借鉴参考。