高光谱图像数据变换编码压缩方法

三维ＤＣＴ变换编码包括谱段方向的一维ＤＣＴ变换和由此产生的特征值图像的二维ＤＣＴ变换编码。谱段方向一维ＤＣＴ变换的主要作用是去除光谱方向的数据相关性,并产生由ＤＣＴ系数构成的并与各个谱段相对应的特征值图像。特征值图像的压缩由ＪＰＥＧ算法完成,图像的压缩比由ＪＰＥＧ的量化因子ｑ控制。图像边缘特征对高光谱图像的应用具有非常重要的意义,在高光谱图像的压缩过程中要尽量保持图像的边缘特征。我们设计了具有图像     

过去2000年全球典型暖期特征与机制的模拟研究

本文利用美国国家大气研究中心(NCAR)的通用地球系统模式(Co mmunity Earth System Model, 简称CESM)的低分辨率版本(CESM1.0.3, T31_g37)在国际国内率先进行了多组过去2000年瞬变积分模拟试验, 在与历史重建资料和观测资料进行对比验证的基础上, 对过去2000年中的典型暖期(中世纪暖期与现代暖期)的特征和成因机制进行了初步探讨, 结果表明: 中世纪暖期太阳辐射加强是导致其"暖化"的主要原因之一, 而温室气体浓度的激增是现代全球变暖的最主要原因; 在中世纪暖期, 自然因子(包括太阳辐射和火山活动)对降水量的影响之和比温室气体的影响高一个数量级; 而在现代暖期, 温室气体对降水量的影响比自然因子(包括太阳辐射和火山活动)对降水量的影响之和高一个数量级; 在不同外强迫条件下的海表温度变化在热带太平洋区域截然不同, 即自然因子影响下为类-拉尼娜态, 而温室气体影响下为类-厄尔尼诺态; 无论在中世纪暖期还是现代暖期, 相对于1000~1850年的平均情况, 沃克(Walker)环流均处于增强状态。     

WGS84和CGCS2000坐标转换研究

为实现WGS84和CGCS2000坐标系之间的转换,首先通过七参数法将WGS84坐标转换到ITRF坐标,然后再通过框架转换法转换到CGCS2000坐标,并进行实例计算和分析。     

Sequence of faulting and deformation during the 2000 eruptions of the Usu Volcano, Hokkaido, Japan—interpretation and image analyses of aerial photographs

Significant faulting and deformation of the ground surface has been rarely known during volcanic eruptions. Usu Volcano, Hokkaido, Japan, is a unique example of deformation due to felsic magma intrusion. Usu Volcano has a history of such types of eruptions as phreatic, pumice eruption (Plinian type), pyroclastic flowing and lava doming since 1663. On March 31, 2000, phreatomagmatic to phreatic eruptions took place after 23 years of dormancy in the western piedmont, followed by explosions on the western flank of Usu Volcano. They were associated with significant deformation including faulting and uplift. The eruptions and deformation were continuing up to the end of May 2000.We identified the faulting using total nine sets of aerial photographs taken from before the eruption (March 31, 2000) to more than 1 year (April 27, 2001) after the end of the activity, and traced deformation processes through image processing using aerial photographs. We found that some of the new faults and the associated phreatic eruptions were related to old faults formed during the 1977–1981 eruptive episode.The image processing has revealed that the surface deformation is coincident with the area of faulting forming small grabens and the phreatic explosion vents. However, the faulting and main explosive eruptions did not take place in the highest uplift area, but along the margin. This suggests that the faulting and explosive activities were affected by small feeder channels diverging from the main magma body which caused the highest uplift.     

GNSS在线数据处理系统在工程控制网中的应用与分析

介绍目前几个主要的GNSS在线数据处理系统,着重利用其中5个GNSS在线数据处理系统对某工程控制网的观测数据进行多个方案的处理;对处理结果进行对比分析,检验其内符合精度;再利用框架和历元转换理论和方法,将多个系统处理获得的不同ITRF框架下2011即时历元的观测点坐标转换归算到CGCS2000坐标下进行对比,结果表明:GNSS在线数据处理系统完全能够满足工程控制网的数据处理、精度要求以及成果提交等需求。     

2000国家重力基本网与1985国家重力基本网的转换关系研究

分析了2000国家重力基本网与1985国家重力基本网重力点的重合情况,详细讨论了确定两网关系的方法:间接平差法、常数转换法和多项式拟合转换法,并给出了两网的关系结果。     

Optical Spectroscopy of Comet C/2000 WM1 (LINEAR) at the Guillermo Harro Astrophysical Observatory in Mexico

We present a preliminary analysis of medium resolution optical spectra of comet C/2000 WM1 (LINEAR) obtained on 22 November 2001. Theemission lines of the molecules C₂, C₃, CN, NH₂,H₂O⁺ and presumably CO (Asundi and triplet bands) and C₂ ^-were identified in these spectra. By analysing the brightnessdistributions of the C₂, C₃, CN emission lines along theslit of the spectrograph we determined some physical parameters of theseneutrals, such as their lifetimes and expansion velocities inthe coma. The Franck–Condon factors for the CO Asundi bands and C₂ ^- bands were calculated using a Morse potential model.     

P2000型测氡仪在气氡连续观测中记录的潮汐现象

利用宁波地震台ZK03井的原气氡观测系统,将P2000型测氡仪应用于气氡连续观测试验,记录到较明显的潮汐现象且其波动幅度较大。功率谱估计结果显示,观测数据存在显著的固体潮效应。同时,与同井观测的动水位、同台观测的VS垂直摆NS向记录的潮汐波形进行对比,发现曲线变化趋势基本一致,每天都有两峰两谷,但存在约2h的时间差。P2000型测氡仪具有自动扣除本底污染的功能,其记录到的波形能更真实地反应地下流体中气氡浓度的动态变化过程,可应用于地震流体气氡的连续观测。     

High Precision Geoid Models HKGEOID-2000 for Hong Kong and SZGEOID-2000 for Shenzhen, China

High precision geoid models HKGEOID-2000 for Hong Kong and SZGEOID-2000 for Shenzhen, China, have been developed with a hybrid approach of so-called sequential processing, using high precision GPS/leveling data, land and sea gravity anomalies, and digital terrain models. These two local geoid models have the same 1-km resolution. The estimated accuracy (external accuracy) is better than 1.7 cm for HKGEOID-2000 and 1.4 cm for SZGEOID-2000. Some common areas are covered by HKGEOID-2000 and SZGEOID-2000. So these two geoid models, along with high quality GPS/leveling data collected on the overlapping areas, can be used to detect the systematic bias between HKGEOID-2000 and SZGEOID-2000, as well as the difference between Hong Kong Principal Datum and 1956 yellow sea height datum of China, yielding RMS errors of 1.011 m and 1,003 m, respectively. Moreover, HKGEOID-2000, along with GPS ellipsoidal heights, is employed to determine the errors of the “orthometric heights” from purely trigonometric heighting, yielding an RMS error of 0.102 m. The combination of SZGEOID-2000 and GPS ellipsoidal heights has been used to replace the traditional spirit leveling and mapping, called GPS mapping.