地理数据共享与互操作技术

从地理数据共享的需求出发,概述了实现数据共享的途径．重点阐述了由OOC(开放式地理信息系统协会)儡导地理数据处理互操作技术(Oeoprocessing Interoperability)OGIS(开放式地理数据互操作规范)及其内容。     

利用GIS与线性规划学校最优学区划分

利用运筹学线性规划方法,在GIS软件支持下进行中小学最优学区划分。以就近入学为目标,依据学校、居民点及道路网络构建最优学区划分的整型规划模型,利用ArcGIS 10软件开发了最优学区划分工具。实验表明,优化模型能获得最优目标,且效率较高,所开发的优化工具使用简便,实用性强。     

The use of geoprocessing to assess vulnerability on the east coast aquifers of Rio de Janeiro State,Brazil

The east coast of Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, shows a worrying overlap between areas with intrinsic groundwater vulnerability and the most significant urban expansion zones. It experienced a rapid population growth in recent years, mainly due to the tourism industry, resulting in a significant pressure on drinking groundwater resources. In this regard, development and use of techniques to control and protect areas susceptible to contamination is crucial. The elaboration of aquifer vulnerability maps is thus extremely helpful to support water resources management. The aim of the work is to present the methodological approach in the use of Geoprocessing techniques to obtain a suitable groundwater vulnerability model in Rio de Janeiro east coast. Considering the existing problems and the current land use and characteristics of the study region, it is clear that the most vulnerable areas (that is, “extreme” and “very high” vulnerability areas), coincide with the most significant zones of urban occupation, corresponding to 11% of the total study area, demanding adoption of urgent measures in the near future. Geoprocessing tools and remote sensing for characterization of Rio de Janeiro’s east coast aquifer vulnerability gave good results, representing a satisfactory method for management actions at low cost.     

Semantic typing of linked geoprocessing workflows

In Geographic Information Systems (GIS), geoprocessing workflows allow analysts to organize their methods on spatial data in complex chains. We propose a method for expressing workflows as linked data, and for semi-automatically enriching them with semantics on the level of their operations and datasets. Linked workflows can be easily published on the Web and queried for types of inputs, results, or tools. Thus, GIS analysts can reuse their workflows in a modular way, selecting, adapting, and recommending resources based on compatible semantic types. Our typing approach starts from minimal annotations of workflow operations with classes of GIS tools, and then propagates data types and implicit semantic structures through the workflow using an OWL typing scheme and SPARQL rules by backtracking over GIS operations. The method is implemented in Python and is evaluated on two real-world geoprocessing workflows, generated with Esri's ArcGIS. To illustrate the potential applications of our typing method, we formulate and execute competency questions over these workflows.     

Coupling sensor observation services and web processing services for online geoprocessing in water dam monitoring

ABSTRACT

Novel sensor technologies are rapidly emerging. They enable a monitoring and modelling of our environment in a level of detail that was not possible a few years ago. However, while the raw data produced by these sensors are useful to get a first overview, it usually needs to be post-processed and integrated with other data or models in different applications. In this paper, we present an approach for integrating several geoprocessing components in the TaMIS water dam monitoring system developed with the Wupperverband, a regional waterbody authority in Germany. The approach relies upon the OGC Web Processing Service and is tightly coupled with Sensor Observation Service instances running at the Wupperverband. Besides implementing the standardized XML-based interface, lightweight REST APIs have been developed to ease the integration with thin Web clients and other Web-based components. Using this standards-based approach, new processing facilities can be easily integrated and coupled with different observation data sources.     

基于ArcGIS的地理信息数据库质量检查工具集的开发

随着测绘生产模式的转变,每一批次需要完成质检工作的数据量急剧增加,如何快速高效地完成以Geodatabase存储的基础地理信息数据的质量评价工作,是质检人员在信息化测绘阶段面临的一个重要问题。为此,本文提出利用ArcGIS软件自带的地理处理技术,通过定制地理处理工具,建立基础地理信息数据库中的质检工具集,实现数字测绘成果逻辑一致性检查工作的自动化,并以浙江省1：1万比例尺基础地理信息数据库的数据质量评价为例,说明地理处理技术在工作中的实际应用。     

基于52North WPS的Web Processing Service开发方法研究

地理信息系统共享与互操作、网格计算的发展在数据获取、发布及制图服务方面取得了较大进展,而针对在线空间分析的网络分析服务(Web Processing Service,WPS)仍相对滞后,国内对于此方向研究较少.OGC于2007年发布WIPS1.0.0标准,该标准能促使网络GIS共享与互操作的极大发展,本文以WPS为重点...     

Use of geoprocessing in the study of land degradation in urban environments: the case of the city of São Carlos,state of São Paulo,Brazil

This paper presents a methodology for the geological engineering survey of land degradation in urban environments using both remote sensing and geoprocessing tools. The area under study was the city of São Carlos, state of São Paulo, Brazil (urban and expansion area). The data presented here were obtained from earlier studies, photointerpretation and geological engineering mapping. The Envi 4.1 software package was used to prepare the digital orthophotos that served as a reference base for the information. Orthorectification of the Ikonos image (PSM, 1 m) was done and compared with other orthophotos from studies of environmental degradation in urban areas. The evolution of land degradation processes was analyzed based on the photointerpretation of aerial photographs taken on different dates and using Ikonos image. This study allowed to conclude that most of the degradation occurring in the city has been caused by unplanned land occupation, in disregard of environmental conditions, resulting in environmental degradation and thus impacting the quality of life of the urban population.