基于强跟踪性能的QEKF组合导航自适应滤波研究

以低成本陆用航姿参考系统（AHRS）/GPS紧耦合系统为研究对象,建立了基于伪距、伪距率、航向角的组合观测数学模型。引入强跟踪滤波（STF）算法,利用渐消因子的作用,增强滤波器对状态快速变化的跟踪能力。同时,针对微惯性器件漂移过大的缺点,采用二阶EKF（QEKF）方法,通过对Hessian矩阵的求解,补偿系统观测方程线性化的二阶截断误差。仿真表明：STQEKF方法可高速准确地逼近系统非线性模型,实现陆地载体导航控制,在传感器精度有限的情况下,使姿态和位置的控制效果较标准EKF分别提高了约8.9%-38.2%和48.7%-54.4%     

Hydration and refractive indices of Holocene tephra glass in Hokkaido, Northern Japan

Refractive indices of incompletely hydrated tephra glasses vary widely. Thus, glass refractive index is not a practical indicator for identifying Holocene tephras. Hydration near the surface of tephra glass shards can be removed by either hydrofluoric acid treatment or annealing for 12 h at 400°C. The annealing procedure is a particularly reliable and simple way to dehydrate tephra glasses. Standard deviations (s) of refractive indices for glasses after 12 h annealing are small (s=0.0014–0.0018), in contrast with untreated glasses (s=0.0034–0.0405). The refractive indices of dehydrated tephra glasses are 0.006–0.014 lower than those of the untreated (hydrated) glasses. Using the 400°C 12-h annealing procedure, values for the refractive indices of eight Holocene tephras in Hokkaido were obtained. These refractive indices are useful indicators for identification and correlation of Holocene tephras.     

安装CB3磁变仪磁系的技巧

安装磁系过程中从竹片上取下吊丝和磁系放入仪器盒时很容易弄断吊丝。若在取下吊丝时在吊丝头的边上滴少许酒精,就很容易取下吊丝了。在磁系放入仪器盒时,若用头发丝或细线粘在纸片上,将纸片放入仪器盒内,轻轻拉紧纸片,磁系靠在纸片上慢慢滑入仪器盒,就不容易弄断吊丝。     

豫北及其外围地区地壳上地幔结构研究

利用菏泽～长治和郑州～济南深地震测深剖面资料，进行了一维、二维射线追踪走时拟合与合成地震图计算，获得了该区地壳上地幔速度结构。结果表明，地壳上地幔速度结构在纵向和横向上具有明显的不均一性。浅部断裂较发育，对应其地壳深部界面和速度等值线起伏变化较明显。在华北坳陷区南部上地幔隆起的背景上存在两个局部凸起，凸起最高处与浅部的东濮凹陷、汤阴地堑基本对应，Ｍ面埋深分别约３１ｋｍ和３４ｋｍ     

粘滑失稳及其物理场时空分布的实验研究

摩擦滑动的物理场实验研究表明：（１）能量空间分布的差异是失稳的重要条件，单发型大事件常发生于高能量向低能量的突变带或高能量背景区内的相对低能量区；（２）单发型大事件的孕育过程常常经历若干个能量输入输出循环，产生多个前兆阶段，并在失稳前源区常有一个弱化过程。小震或群发型事件失稳前常常只有一个能量积累与强化的过程，失稳前兆阶段性反映较差；（３）粘滑失稳时断层的位错与声发射的大小未见明显关系     

湘东─赣西NNE向走滑构造

湘东─赣西构造岩浆带位于郯庐断裂南延的关键性部位。中生代以来，该区 NNE向左旋走滑构造主要由会聚走滑和 K─ E离散走滑构造叠加而成。会聚走滑作用造就了 NNE向雁列式剪切断裂系、剪切弯曲和旋转构造、压剪性煤盆地以及断层动热变质─剪切重熔型花岗岩；而离散走滑作用则控制了该区广泛发育的张剪性红盆地、盆岭式构造地貌、以及大规模中低温热液矿床的形成。湘东─赣西复杂的平移构造型式很可能与该区地壳结构分层特征、前期断裂构造格局、平移幅度和多期走滑构造作用四个因素有关。     

Integrated Navigation System and Experiment of a Low-Cost and Low-Accuracy SINS/GPS

When SINS (strap-down inertial navigation system) is combined with GPS, the observability of the course angle is weak. Although the course angle error is improved to some extent through Kalman filtering, the course angle still assumes a divergent trend. This trend is aggravated further when using low-cost and low-accuracy SINS. In order to restrain this trend, a method that uses AHRS to substitute for SINS course angle information is put forward aimed at the hardware component characteristic of the low-cost and low-accuracy SINS including AHRS (attitude and heading reference system) and IMU (inertial measurement unit). Real static and dynamic experiments show that the method can restrain the divergent trend of the navigation system angle effectively, and the positioning accuracy is high.     

400年来北极巴罗角的温度变化特征

近４００年湖泊岩芯温度记录揭示,巴罗地区总的变化趋势是升温,平均升温速率为每百年０．４℃,但近２００年呈降温趋势。熵谱分析表明,近代巴罗地区温度波动存在３３年、４０年、２９年周期和９０年左右的世纪周期;１９２１～１９９４年巴罗气象台逐月温度资料统计分析和熵谱分析表明,现代巴罗温度变化有４个月、半年、１４个月、１６个月、３年、４年、７年和１０年周期。