由采矿活动产生的金属的环境影响过程、预测及防治

虽然采矿活动影响的面积相对较小，但它能对环境产生巨大的局部影响。从采场释放的金属最初是通过矿山排放酸水和废石，尾矿的侵蚀产生的。本文简述了对矿山酸水排放所释放的金属进行预测的现有方法。一项应用地球化学模型预测矿山排放酸水和尾矿带入影响河系中铜浓度研究表明，实测的结果与预测的吻合良好。对于大规模的工业矿山开采，现已有方法对其进行预测并使其免遭污染。但是，大量小规模的采矿活动很难控制。巴西采金矿活动中     

对"数字地球"的几点认识

自“数字地球”的概念被提出以来，已引起全球的广泛关注和积极响应。然而，数字地球在目前还仅仅是一个概念。为了逐步建立“数字地球”，需要就“数字地球”的理论、技术以及实现进行深入地探讨。从“数字地球”的产生背景、基本概念、研究内容、构成框架、关键技术、实施难点和发展战略等方面谈了对“数字地球”的一些认识。     

基于GIS的印度洋大眼金枪鱼延绳钓钓获率与水温关系的研究

采用GIS定性分析和数值分析的方法,研究了印度洋大眼金枪鱼延绳钓钓获率与水温的 关系。结果表明,大眼金枪鱼延绳钓高钓获率的出现与印度洋加权水温大面分布存在明显的相互 关系,大眼金枪鱼的渔获适温在14～17℃间。建议测量200m水深处的水温作为海上生产时的参 考。     

APPLICATION OF GEOGRAPHICAL PARAMETER DATABASE TO ESTABLISHMENT OF UNIT POPULATION DATABASE

Now GIS is turning into a good tool in handling geographical, economical, and population data, so we can obtain more and more information from these data. On the other hand, in some cases, for a calamity, such as hurricane, earthquake, flood, drought etc., or a decision-making, such as setting up a broadcasting transmitter, building a chemical plant etc., we have to evaluate the total population in the region influenced by a calamity or a project. In this paper, a method is put forward to evaluate the population in such special region. Through exploring the correlation of geographical parameters and the distribution of people in the same region by means of quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis, unit population database (1km× 1km) is established. In this way, estimating the number of people in a special region is capable by adding up the population in every grid involved in this region boundary. The geographical parameters are obtained from topographic database and DEM database on the scale of     

ANALYSIS ON THE SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION VARIATION CHARACTERISTIC OF URBAN HEAT ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY AND ITS MECHANISM——A Case Study of Hangzhou City

Urban heat environmental quality(UHEQ) is affected by the interacting of weather condition and underlying surface framework of urban area .In the last two decades,many researchers from domestic and overseas have studied many problems at the aspect of urban heat environment such as urban heat islands ,urban air temperature and their rela-tion with urban land cover,city population,air pollution etc,In the recent years,Hangzhou,acting as a center city of Zhejiang Province in China,its urbanization quantum and quantity have both changed greatly,in particular ,representing as business affairs building,resident real property and all kins of specialty market having arisen in built-up zone,Based on Landsat TM images data in 1991 and 1999,urban underlying surface temperature value and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) were calculated using image interpreting and supervised classification technique by remote sensing software ERDAS image 8.4,The relation model between urban underlying surface temperature (UUST )and urban air temperature was setup according to the certain correlation patten .Reference to the relational standard of assessing human comfort and other meteorology data of Hangzhou City in summer,the spatial distribution characteristic and the spatial varia-tion degree of human comfort of heat environmental quality are estimated and mapped on a middle scale,that is ,in six districts of Hangzhou City .Then the paper reveals the main characteristic of spatial variation from 1991 to 1999.Lastly,the change mechanism is analyzed and discussed from the viewpoint of city planning,construction and environmental protec-tion.     

数字矿床模型研究与系统实现

数字矿床模型(DDM)是传统矿床模型的数字化.本文论述了数字矿床模型的概念,提出了其主要组成结构和建模关键技术.在吸收国内外地质领域专家系统建立的经验基础上,将人工智能技术与地理信息技术(WebGIS)相结合,通过构建矿床模型知识库,建立数字矿床模型推理网络结构,并以斑岩型铜矿为例论述了建立数字矿床模型的系统过程.本文是"十一五"期间国家高技术研究发展(863)计划的阶段成果.     

芦家山一号隧道防排水技术及其分析

以西(安)合(肥)大通道--陕西境商界高速公路芦家山一号隧道防排水施工的工程实例为基础,着重论述了复合式衬砌隧道综合防排水施工工艺、关键部位施工控制要点以及材料的选择.