A CASE STUDY ON CONCENTRATION AND DECENTRALIZATION：BEHAVIOR AND DYNAMIC MECHANISM OF SPATIAL EVOLUTION IN METROPOLITAN AREA，NANJING，CHINA

In rapid socio-economic development,the process of concentration and dispersal of various elements tends to be more dramatic,tremendously influencing the shaping and transformation of the space in metropolitan area.Survey of spatial concentration and decentralization has thus become a basic method in examining metropolitan spatial evolution.In this research,three elements were selected as the essential indicators of the process:demographic density distribu-tion,employment density distribution and business office location.Performance of these elements in Nanjing City was exam-ined historically.As Nanjing City could be regarded as a representative of metropolitan areas in China,its situation large-ly suggestes the general characteristics in similar areas of China.Hence based on the investigation of Nanjing City,four general implications were highlighted.First ,metropolitan areas in China are in a violent process and shift of spatial concentra-tion and decentralization.Second,from now to at least the near future,concentration will continue to be the central fea-ture.Third,the landscape of metropolitan areas basically exhibits a dual structure character.The gap in environmental and ecological qualities among different districts will continue for a long time.Fourth,Central Business District (CBD) is playing an important role in helping to convert the traditionally single-centered city structure into a polycentric one.     

Incorporation of Perception-based Information in Robot Learning Using Fuzzy Reinforcement Learning Agents

Robot learning in unstructured environments has been proved to be an extremely challenging problem, mainly because of many uncertainties always present in the real world. Human beings, on the other hand, seem to cope very well with uncertain and unpredictable environments, often relying on perception-based information. Furthermore, humans beings can also utilize perceptions to guide their learning on those parts of the perception-action space that are actually relevant to the task. Therefore, we conduct a research aimed at improving robot learning through the incorporation of both perceptionbased and measurement-based information. For this reason, a fuzzy reinforcement learning (FRL) agent is proposed in this paper. Based on a neural-fuzzy architecture, different kinds of information can be incorporated into the FRL agent to initialise its action network, critic network and evaluation feedback module so as to accelerate its learning. By making use of the global optimisation capability of GAs (genetic algorithms), a GA-based FRL (GAFRL) agent is presented to solve the local minima problem in traditional actor-critic reinforcement learning. On the other hand, with the prediction capability of the critic network, GAs can perform a more effective global search. Different GAFRL agents are constructed and verified by using the simulation model of a physical biped robot. The simulation analysis shows that the biped learning rate for dynamic balance can be improved by incorporating perception-based information on biped balancing and walking evaluation. The biped robot can find its application in ocean exploration, detection or sea rescue activity, as well as military maritimeac tivity.     

激电偶极—偶极装置在撒岱沟门的找矿效果

本介绍撒岱沟相矿区应用激电偶极－偶极装置的找矿效果。通过对其成果分析和钻探证实：利用该装置所获资料，不仅能从断面上直观地推测出极化体的分布及产状变化，还能从不同深度的ηｓ平面成果中分析出极化体在地下空间赋存状态的基本轮廓。     

丽江高美古的二期选址——望远镜地面高度的确定

在丽江高美古前期选址工作的基础上^[1-2]，二期选址的望远镜地面高度的确定工作于2000年11月3日至2000年12月16日进行，采用30m铁塔的温度脉动测量装置，对6#选址观测点的近地面大气湍流进行反复多次测量，得到近地面不同高度(4-30m和8-22m)上每夜温度结构系数CT^2的平均值，对观测取得的资料作进一步处理和分析，得到高美古6#观测点的望远镜地面高度为13～15m。     

Galileo系统及其在中国的应用

较详细地介绍了Galileo系统的全面体系结构、频率设计、服务内容及其广泛的应用范围，指出了它与GPS系统相比的优点，并对开发和增强Galileo系统在我国多层次、全方位的应用提出了建议。     

定位服务忙天涯若比邻

据说人类80%的活动都与地理位置相关,由此而产生了许许多多的与“位置”相关的技术与服务,从远古的路标、地图、……,到当今时髦的GIS、导航系统、……,都是每个人日常生活与工作中不可缺少的一部分。与此同时,人类的通讯手段也在不断发展,无线通讯已将“天涯咫尺”变为现实,以至于见到某个人对着电话说“您现在在哪儿,在国内吗?”时,已不会有人觉得奇怪了。得益于人类80%活动的需求和现代通讯技术的发展,定位服务(LocationBasedService,LBS)得以产生并飞速发展。LBS是多学科交叉融合的产物,它将无线通讯技术、互联网技术、空间数据库…     

EKL-3A型全自动水文缆道测验系统

EKL-3A型全自动水文缆道测验系统是专为水文缆道测流研制的自动化控制系统。该系统采用工业控制计算机和PLC可编程控制器作为完成自动化缆道测流的控制核心,配合交流变频调速、光电编码测距定位、流速自动测算、音频信号传输等成熟技术和计算机测流控制软件及流量成果自动生成软件等构成。系统可通过计算机对缆道测流装置进行全自动、半自动、手动测流控制,各种测量方式均可最终生成断面流量报表和断面流速分布曲线图。     

深层裂缝性储层防漏堵漏实验评价研究

深层裂缝性气藏具有异常高压、高产等特点,钻井完井过程中易出现又喷又漏等复杂事故,因此需做好“防漏为主、堵漏为辅”的防漏堵漏措施。通过全尺寸堵漏装置进行了高压静态、动态模拟堵漏实验,优选配方组合,并系统评价了防漏、堵漏配方的封堵能力、承压能力以及酸溶性,评价研究出的防漏堵漏配方,具有酸溶率高、堵塞强度高、返排效果好等特点,为防漏、堵漏方案现场实施提供依据。     

我国气象导航发展综述

简述了气象导航技术在世界上的兴起和在我国的发展与现状，气象导航的优越性和具体操作过程，指出超级巨型计算机等高新技术的引进将使气象导航产生一个质的飞跃。