A comparison of three marine ecosystems surrounding the Korean peninsula: Responses to climate change

This study uses a comparative approach to examine responses of marine ecosystems to climatic regime shifts. The three seas surrounding the Korean peninsula, the Japan/East Sea, the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea represent three contiguous but distinct ecosystems. Sampling has been carried out by the National Fisheries Research and Development Institute of South Korea since 1965, using the same methods in all three seas. Sampling was generally synoptic. Amplitude time series of 1st EOF modes for temperature, salinity, zooplankton biomass and concentrations of four major zooplankton taxa were used to determine whether the three marine ecosystems respond in a similar manner to climate variations. Temporal patterns of the variables were strongly similar among the three seas at decadal time scales, but very weakly similar at interannual scales. All three seas responded to a climatic regime shift that occurred in 1989. Temperature, zooplankton biomass and copepod concentrations increased in the late 1980s or early 1990s in all three seas. Concentrations of amphipods, chaetognaths and euphausiids also increased in the Japan/East Sea and the East China Sea, but not the Yellow Sea. The Yellow Sea ecosystem differs strongly from the other two seas, and water exchange between the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea is much weaker than that between the East China Sea and Japan/East Sea. Spatial patterns of zooplankton determined by the EOF analysis were closely related to currents and fronts in each of the three seas.     

寻找相似天气过程的一种数学模型

该文介绍了一种寻找相似天气过程的数学模型，利用Saaty论述的方法[1]构造判别矩阵进行判别，从而计算出相似排序及相似度。该方法在3年多的预报业务中应用，效果良好。     

胶东招掖郭家岭型花岗岩锆石年代学及其Pb同位素特征

采用SHRIMP测年技术，精确地测定了郭家岭型花岗岩年龄为130-126Ma，主要金矿化在126-120Ma之间，郭家岭型花岗岩与金矿化关系最密切。岩体Pb同位素组成反映了本区所处构造背景。     

用于多频电磁波测井的圆锥螺旋式有源接收天线

对用负阻抗变换电路同圆锥螺旋天线相结合，构成的有源接收天线进行了理论分析。并给出了该有源天线稳定工作的条件和设计原理。结果表明，用该方法设计的有源接收天线具有很宽的频带、较高的灵敏度和很小的尺寸，是多频电磁波测井较为理想的接收天线。     

双频电磁波电导率层析成象

本文论述双频透射电磁波电导率层析成象方法。设｜Ｅ１｜，｜Ｅ２｜为在远场区观测的同一电偶极天线的两个辐射电场强度。如地质介质的电导率连续变化，观测场强的辐射频率ω１，ω２之差较小，则有如下的电导率层析成象方程｜Ｅ１｜－｜Ｅ２｜＝２０ｌｏｇ（ω１／ω２）＋２０ｌｏｇ（ｅ）μ／２（ω２－ω１）∫σ～（ｒ）ｄｒ式中σ＾＝σ，σ为介质的电导率。双频透射电磁波电导率层析成象方法克服了长期困扰电磁波吸收层析成象的初始辐射场强计算问题，应用实例表明它可获得更精确的层析图。     

黄河上游径流预报的灰色拓扑方法

以龙羊峡水库年平均入库流量预报为例，根据灰色系统理论的建模方法，利用龙羊峡水库入库水量代表站唐乃亥水文站的实测径流资料，建立了一个ＧＭ（１，１）拓扑预测模型，用于黄河上游径流的长期预报，并取得了较为满意的结果。     

催化褪色光度法测定痕量锰的研究及应用

本研究了在ＰＨ＝４．０醋酸－醋酸钠缓冲溶液中，锰催化ＫＩＯ４氧化５－Ｂｒ－ＰＡＤＡＰ的褪色反应及其动力学条件，建立了一个痕量锰的高灵敏度新方法，方法灵敏度为１．３２×１０＾－１０ｇ／ｍｌ，测定范围Ｍｎ＾２＋浓度为０￣１．５μｇ／ｍｌ，用于测定人发，自来水，茶叶中痕量锰，结果满意。     

路堤下现浇薄壁管桩复合地基工作特性分析

现浇薄壁管桩和土工格栅加筋碎石垫层所组成的复合地基加固软弱路基具有经济合理，施工时间短，承载力高，沉降减小明显等优点。采用非线性有限元对路堤荷载作用下的现浇薄壁管桩复合地基的工作特性进行了分析，结果表明：在路堤荷载作用下，路堤填土材料中的拱效应、土工格栅的拉膜效应或加筋垫层的刚性垫层效应、桩土间刚度差异引起的应力集中效应保证了大部分荷载由桩承担，有效地减小了总沉降和不均匀沉降。同时对荷载传递机理的影响因素做了分析.     

Fresh snow chemistry from high mountain regions in central himalayas

Investigations of atmospheric composition in the Himalayas has been limited in both temporal and spatial scales, mainly due to difficult logistics. Ideal sites for monitoring atmospheric composition and its evolution should be free from local pollution and representative of the remote troposphere (HUEBERT et al., 1980). As the Himalayas are far removed from highly industrialized regions they provide suitable locations to monitor the chemistry of the remote troposphere and to study the evolu…     

Relationships between Interannual and Intraseasonal Variations of the Asian-Western Pacific Summer Monsoon Hindcasted by BCC_CSM1.1（m）

Using hindcasts of the Beijing Climate Center Climate System Model, the relationships between interannual variability （IAV） and intraseasonal variability （ISV） of the Asian-western Pacific summer monsoon are diagnosed. Predictions show reasonable skill with respect to some basic characteristics of the ISV and IAV of the western North Pacific summer monsoon （WNPSM） and the Indian summer monsoon （ISM）. However, the links between the seasonally averaged ISV （SAISV） and seasonal mean of ISM are overestimated by the model. This deficiency may be partially attributable to the overestimated frequency of long breaks and underestimated frequency of long active spells of ISV in normal ISM years, although the model is capable of capturing the impact of ISV on the seasonal mean by its shift in the probability of phases. Furthermore, the interannual relationships of seasonal mean, SAISV, and seasonally averaged long-wave variability （SALWV; i.e., the part with periods longer than the intraseasonal scale） of the WNPSM and ISM with SST and low-level circulation are examined. The observed seasonal mean, SAISV, and SALWV show similar correlation patterns with SST and atmospheric circulation, but with different details. However, the model presents these correlation distributions with unrealistically small differences among different scales, and it somewhat overestimates the teleconnection between monsoon and tropical central-eastern Pacific SST for the ISM, but underestimates it for the WNPSM, the latter of which is partially related to the too-rapid decrease in the impact of E1 Nifio-Southern Oscillation with forecast time in the model.