The Qingyuan Mushroom Culture System as Agricultural Heritage

Qingyuan County, Zhejiang, China is recognized as a source of mushrooms around the world and as Mushroom City in China. Because of a favorable ecological environment and abundant forest resources, mushroom farmers in Qingyuan have engaged in mushroom production for 800 years and continued to form unique mushroom production systems where people and nature live in a harmonious way, and a rich and colorful mushroom culture. The Qingyuan Mushroom Culture System was named the Nationally Important Agricultural Heritage systems of China in 2014. Based on analysis of the importance of agricultural heritage and the necessity and urgency of protection, here we examine the agricultural heritage of the Qingyuan mushroom culture system as a research case study and comprehensively describe its heritage values, including supply materials and production, ecosystem services, cultural inheritance and multi-function agricultural development. These results provide reference values for agricultural heritage protection and inheritance of edible fungi in China, agricultural sustainable development and extension of agricultural function.     

浙江省滨海湿地生态系统服务及其价值研究

因特殊的地理位置,浙江省分布有丰富的滨海湿地资源。滨海湿地为人类提供了物质生产、环境调节和人文社会等诸多服务。在全面分析浙江省滨海湿地现状及综合比较不同评价方法基础上,对浙江省滨海湿地服务价值进行了初步评估。研究结果表明,浙江省滨海湿地生态系统服务总价值为210.383×108元/a,其中直接使用价值141.658×108元/a,间接使用价值68.725×108元/a;滨海湿地单位面积服务价值为3.664元/(m2·a);各服务价值按大小排列依次为:海水养殖87.022×108元/a,滨海旅游54.636×108元/a,水质净化7.698×108元/a,护岸37.944×108元/a,促淤5.829×108元/a,固碳释氧11.867×108元/a,养分积累4.526×108元/a,提供生境0.861×108元/a;8项服务中,海水养殖价值最大,占总价值的41.363%,其次为旅游和护岸,分别占总价值的25.970%和18.035%。浙江省滨海湿地在发挥显著直接经济效益的同时,还兼具巨大的生态效益和社会效益,在维系浙江省生态安全及国民经济发展方面发挥着不可替代的重要作用。