职住空间关系研究的比较述评与展望

职住空间关系因其丰富的内涵和复杂的要素关系而成为多学科研究的热点问题。虽然跨学科交叉融合研究是职住关系研究的发展方向,但由于学科背景的差异各学科关注了职住关系问题的不同方面,其研究立场和结论也存在一定差异。通过梳理职住关系相关问题研究的主要内容、观点以及存在的争议,从学科背景这个全新的视角探寻了研究结论差异性的根源,进而展望了未来可能的研究方向和领域。分析发现：社会学侧重于社会政策和个体属性差异影响下的弱势群体职住空间错配研究,对“职住空间错配”假说的存在有较大争议;城市经济学强调市场对职住空间关系的决定性作用,认为职住分离是城市发展的必然阶段;城市规划学者试图通过测度城市通勤验证职住平衡的有效性,虽然备受争议,但其仍是城市规划的理想模型和指导思想;城市地理学则从宏观的空间测度和微观的个体行为变化洞悉城市空间重构及职住分离的影响因素和形成机制。总结认为,地理学者应在借鉴多学科的理论和方法的基础上,宏观方面要加强基于大数据和全要素信息的职住空间关系集成模型构建和精细化模拟研究,微观上,基于后现代主义和人本主义的职住关系对个体或特殊群体的影响及其响应的系统研究具有较大发展空间。     

滇中高原火后更新森林植物和土壤水分含量的时空格局（英文）

Plant moisture content(PMC) is used as an indicator of forest flammability, which is assumed to be affected by climate drought. However, the fire-induced drought stress on PMC and its spatial and temporal variations are unclear. Based on a parallel monitoring experiment from 2014 to 2015, this study compared the PMCs and soil moisture contents(SMC) at five post-fire sites in central Yunnan Plateau, Southwest China. The number of years since last fire(YSF), season, topographic position, plant species and tissue type(leaf and branch) were selected as causal factors of the variations in PMC and SMC. A whole year parallel monitoring and sampling in the post-fire communities of 1, 2, 5, 11 and 30 YSF indicated that drought stress in surface soils was the strongest in spring within the first 5 years after burning, and the SMC was regulated by topography, with 64.6% variation in soil moisture accounted for by YSF(25.7%), slope position(22.1%) and season(10.8%). The temporal variations of PMC and SMC differed at both interannual and seasonal scales, but the patterns were consistent across topographic positions. PMC differed significantly between leaves and branches, and among three growth-forms. The mean PMC was lower in broad-leaved evergreen species and higher in conifer species. Season and soil temperature were the primary determinants of PMC, accounting for 19.1% and 8.3% of variation in PMC, respectively. This indicated phenology-related growth rather than drought stress in soil as the primary driver of seasonal changes in PMC. The significant variations of PMC among growth forms and species revealed that seasonal soil temperature change and dominant species in forest communities are useful indicators of fire risk assessment in this region.     

中国沿海生态系统的环境污染分析（英文）

近年来,随着中国经济的快速发展,空气污染和土地水污染问题备受关注。然而,中国沿海生态系统的环境污染问题也非常严重,而且并未引起足够的重视。基于中国国家统计局和中国沿海海洋环境监测收集的经济发展和海洋生态系统环境污染数据,分析了中国沿海生态环境污染总量以及渤海、黄海、东海和南海等四大海域的污染情况。经过分析,本文认为,中国沿海不同海域的沿海海洋环境污染存在差异,在海水质量、在超标污染物、入海河流水质和赤潮等沿海海洋环境特征指标方面均存在明显差异。根据研究结果,对改进中国海洋生态环境管理提出了一些政策建议。     

地理学基本观点在旅游发展研究中的运用

本文从传统地理学经典的综合性、区域性、参照系选择等基本观点和方法出发,探讨了地理学对促进旅游发展的一些领域,尤其是从区域宏观经济角度对促进旅游业发展的贡献和作为进行了分析,并认为在这个实践过程中,地理学的理论体系、研究思路和应用领域也将得到丰富和发展。