Soil column infiltration tests on biomediated capillary barrier systems for mitigating rainfall-induced landslides

Rainfall-induced landslide is a common geohazard in tropical and humid regions. Capillary barrier system (CBS) is a popular and widely studied mitigating measure for rainfall-induced landslides. However, several previous studies have shown that the performance of the conventional CBS under intense rainfalls has not been particularly convincing. This paper aims to explore the feasibility and effectiveness of a newly proposed system, known as “biomediated capillary barrier system” (B-CBS) in minimizing water infiltration into soil. A one-dimensional soil column was used to investigate the infiltration characteristics of the proposed system. The results showed that the B-CBS of biomediated residual soil overlying original residual soil (Test IV) could effectively control the infiltration into soil by taking advantage of the less-permeable biomediated soil cover. The B-CBS of biomediated residual soil overlying gravelly sand (Test V) and the three-layered B-CBS of fine sand overlying gravelly sand and biomediated residual soil (Test VI) showed the best performance in terms of minimizing the water infiltration. A suction of about 5 kPa still remained in the soil column after 60 min of infiltration from the ponded water on the soil surface.     

预应力锚杆在深基坑围护中的应用

通过工程实例，对深基坑围护中土层锚杆的设计、整体稳定分析作了论述，同时对影响锚杆承载力的因素作了分析。     

协同多时相波谱特征的不透水面信息级联提取

不透水面作为反应城市表征变化和区域城镇化的重要技术指标,其位置、图斑大小、空间分布等信息在地表水热循环和能量平衡等领域被广泛需求。传统方法大都基于单一时相信息提取不透水面,而忽略多时相所蕴含的丰富信息。因此,本文提出多时相信息融合的不透水面级联提取方法,利用Landsat-8 OLI遥感影像分析归一化植被指数（Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, NDVI）、改进的归一化水体指数（Modified Normalized Difference Water Index, MNDWI）和归一化建筑指数（Normalized Difference Building Index, NDBI）年内时序变化特点和典型地物间多时相波谱曲线的协同特征,并归纳不透水面多时相变化规律;再根据先验知识所获取的有效地表信息,进行多时相分级提取不透水面信息。此外,基于实地考察数据和同期2 m GF-1遥感影像屏幕数字化生成30 m不透水面图斑,进行精度验证、分析和对比单时相、四季相及多时相3种时序情况下的提取精度。结果表明：单时相提取不透水面总精度最低,四季相提取精度优于单时相,而多时相提取精度最高（精度可达93.66%,Kappa系数为0.81）。本方法在偏远城镇不透水面的有效识别中显露潜在优势,可为不透水面提取方法融合时序波谱特征提供新思路。     

GPS卫星精密定轨中的摄动力分析

在介绍各种摄动模型的基础上,将IGS提供的SP3精密星历作为几何轨道,应用不同的摄动模型进行几何轨道平滑,求得卫星轨道的动力学参数,再用动力学参数积分求定卫星的轨道,将其与IGS提供的SP3精密星历进行比较,从而详细分析每一种摄动力对GPS轨道影响的量级,而且说明建立的GPS卫星轨道的摄动模型是比较准确的。     

饱和孔隙介质中非均匀震电平面波

采用描述地下流体饱和孔隙介质中弹性波与电磁场耦合现象的Pride方程组,利用Helmholtz分解,求解了非均匀震电耦合平面波解,推导了流体饱和孔隙介质中传播的非均匀震电平面波的能流表达式,讨论了非均匀震电平面波的能量特征.结果表明,非均匀震电平面波的平均能流在传播矢量和衰减矢量构成的平面内传播,伴随电磁场对纵波模式的能流没有贡献.当动电耦合系数为0时,震电平面波的能流表达式可退化为Biot弹性波的能流表达式。     

743阳离子交换快速分离——ICPS-PGS2单道扫描直读光谱仪测定地质样品中15个微量稀土元素

本文采用过氧化钠(Na_2O_2)熔样,743阳离子交换树脂快速分离,0.4mol/L柠檬酸25ml洗脱稀土,无需浓缩,即可用lCPS-PGS2单道扫描直读光谱仪直接测定15个微量稀土元素。在选择的最佳测量条件下,本法测定下限为0.005~g/ml(Eu)-0.50μg/ml(Ce),标准加入回收在88％—110％之间,样品分析精度为3.3％—17％,样品分析结果与参考值相符。本法适用于一般地质样品中微量稀土元素的例行分析。     

金寨县沙坪沟钼矿的隐爆特征及成矿意义

北淮阳构造东段多金属矿床的成因上多与岩浆的隐爆作用有关,沙坪沟特大斑岩型钼矿的形成与岩浆的隐爆作用也有着密切关系,岩浆多期次的隐爆为矿质的运移、富集成矿提供了动力来源和容矿空间。本文从构造、岩浆岩、矿体等基本特征入手,从时间上、空间上、成矿过程上探讨矿床的隐爆特征,分析沙坪沟钼矿成矿过程：隐伏斑岩岩浆侵位（多期次）-隐爆（多期次）-含矿流体活动-成矿。     

华北地台太古代麻粒岩相带的堇青石-夕线石组合:低压麻粒岩相的标志

华北地台北缘麻粒岩相带中,西起贺兰山东至辽吉地区,凡有高铝变质沉积岩发育的地方几乎都普遍存在堇青石-夕线石组合,它分别出现在含堇青石石英岩、片麻岩、麻粒岩和S-型花岗岩中;堇青石-石榴石-夕线石组合也极常见。用石榴石-堇青石矿物对计算的变质作用P-T条件约5.3×10~8～7.5×10~8Pa,700～810℃,地热梯度约30～40℃/km。这些数据与共生岩石中其他矿物对所得温压条件基本一致。堇青石-夕线石组合是低压变质作用的标志。因此该麻粒岩相带大部分属于低压麻粒岩相。     

我国红宝石、蓝宝石及其包裹体

我国红宝石和蓝宝石矿床有岩浆型、接触变质型、伟晶岩和砂矿等,岩浆型为主要矿床类型。红宝石以玫瑰红为主,血红色少见;粒度一般为5mm±。蓝宝石为靛蓝色,墨水蓝罕见;粒度一般5～50mm。两者莫氏硬度为9±0.1,比重4±0.1。宝石中有晶质包裹体、熔融包裹体、流体包裹体、含子矿物多相包裹体、CH包裹体。岩浆型和接触变质型宝石中包裹体均一温度≥1380℃,压力(1～24)×10~8Pa。根据包裹体信息指出:指纹包裹体及其中CH包裹体是天然宝石的鉴别标志。宝石的颜色与亲铁元素及CH包裹体有关。星光宝石与六面针包裹体有关。     

Criteria of Acceptance for Constant Rate of Strain Consolidation Test for Tropical Cohesive Soil

In this study, the rapid consolidation equipment (RACE) was developed as an alternative device to the conventional consolidation test using Oedometer, consuming merely a few hours for the whole precedure to determine the consolidation characteristics of cohesive soil. RACE operates based on the constant rate of strain (CRS) consolidation theory, which is a continuous loading method of testing, requiring a good estimation of the loading rate such that it is ideal for the achievement of steady state condition during testing. The steady state condition is achieved when the c _v values from drained and undrained face of CRS converged with the c_v from Oedometer test. A slightly modification has been made on the normal constant rate of strain (CRS) test by proposing a direct back pressure system to the specimen using a tube to saturate the soil sample. This research has produced a set of criteria for determining the suitable rate for the rapid consolidation test based on the ratio of normalized strain rate, β, and proposed a new coefficient in terms of a ratio of β to clay fraction (CF), as a part of new criteria for testing a fine soil. Four types of sample were tested with different rates of strain using the RACE and their results were compared with those conducted using the Oedometer on the same soil type, from which fairly good agreements were evident in many specimens. It was found from the study that the minimum value of normalized strain rate, β, for the CRS test is 0.005 and for the u _a /σ _v ratio is suggested as 0.01. Also, the maximum β/CF for soils with clay friction lower and higher than 50 % are 0.008 and 0.001, respectively. The minimum β/CF value for both conditions is 0.0001.