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CCN concentration in the middle-lower troposphere over northern China was observed using a cloud condensation nucleus counter, MEE-130, installed on an IL-14 aircraft in the summer of 1983 and 1984. More than 60 sets of data (each flight as one set) were collected.The main results are: (1) in northern China, CCN concentration is 102-104/ cm3 near ground, decreases with increasing height and follows exponential distribution; (2) the local CCN concentration and its distribution with altitude are influenced by some meteorological factors: such as inversion, cloud and precipitation, wind and land-sea brce/.e etc. The inversion makes CCN significantly accumulate just below the inversion level; CCN concentration is lower inside clouds than outside clouds at same level; wind plays an important role of transporting CCN horizontally; (3) the CCN concentration is higher above the land than above the sea at same level; CCN concentration is one order of magnitude lower over the coastal cities like Qingdao than over 相似文献
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Wang Pengyun 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1999,13(4):474-493
The track,landfall,dynamic and thermodynamic and cloud-rain physical mesoscale structures and their evolution of typhoon HERB 1996 in 36 h from 0000 UTC 31 July to 1200 UTC 1 August 1996 were simulated by using the non-hydrostatic mesoscale model MM5.This period covered the process of typhoon HERB landfall at Taiwan and Fujian Provinces.Results show that the model successfully simulated the landfall process of typhoon HERB,revealed the most important characteristics of the mesoscale dynamic and thermodynamic and cloud-rain physical structure during its landfall.The simulated typhoon track was close to the observation.The center of cyclonic circulation simulated at 0000 UTC on 1 August 1996 (24 h integration) was located in shore near Fuqing,Fujian Province at which the typhoon was reported to landfall two hours later.It shows that strong upward motion formed by low level convergence existed in the eye-wall and subsidence at the eye.The wind field shows clear asymmetrical structure near the typhoon center.The cloud and rainband was screw-typed distributed around typhoon center,and consisted of meso-β scale rain cores.During the period of typhoon HERB staying near and passing over Taiwan,the lower cloud was developed in the eye region so that the previous clear typhoon eye on the satellite pictures became fuzzy.Observation shows that the typhoon center was "warm",but the model simulations with higher space resolution show that in the mid-troposphere the region of eye-wall with stronger upward motion and more cloud-and rain-water was warmer than the eye.During the period of typhoon passing over Taiwan and its following landfall at Fujian,the track of model typhoon deviated about 30 km northward (i.e.,rightward) because of the orographic effects of Taiwan Island,but the strength of the typhoon was not affected remarkably.The amount of rainfall on Taiwan in the 36 h simulations was enhanced more than six times by the orographic lifting of Taiwan Mountain. 相似文献
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Yuexin Ma Feixue Sun Congyao Zhang Pengyun Bao Shuqing Cao Meiyan Zhang 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2014,13(6):1061-1066
A marine bacterium, Pseudoalteromonas sp. BC228 was supplemented to feed in a feeding experiment aiming to determine its ability of enhancing the digestive enzyme activity and immune response of juvenile Apostichopus japonicus. Sea cucumber individuals were fed with the diets containing 0(control), 105, 107 and 109 CFU g-1 diet of BC228 for 45 days. Results showed that intestinal trypsin and lipase activities were significantly enhanced by 107 and 109 CFU g-1 diet of BC228 in comparison with control(P 0.01). The phagocytic activity in the coelomocytes of sea cucumber fed the diet supplemented with 107 CFU g-1 diet of BC228 was significantly higher than that of those fed control diet(P 0.05). In addition, 105 and 107 CFU g-1 diet of BC228 significantly enhanced lysozyme and phenoloxidase activities in the coelomic fluid of sea cucumber, respectively, in comparison with other diets(P 0.01). Sea cucumbers, 10 each diet, were challenged with Vibrio splendidus NB13 after 45 days of feeding. It was found that the cumulative incidence and mortality of sea cucumber fed with BC228 containing diets were lower than those of animals fed control diet. Our findings evidenced that BC228 supplemented in diets improved the digestive enzyme activity of juvenile sea cucumber, stimulated its immune response and enhanced its resistance to the infection of V. splendidus. 相似文献
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蚕豆生长发育的温度指标分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用1971-2006年蚕豆单产统计资料,采用滑动平均的方法,计算每年蚕豆气象产量,并以此划分丰、平、歉气候年景.以2001-2006年田间观测数据和生产实际为基础,确定蚕豆平均生长发育期,分析蚕豆生长与日平均温度、日最高温度、日最低温度之间的关系.通过研究得出蚕豆从播种到成熟的最适温度上限、最适温度下限、最适温度上限极值、最适温度下限极值、受害温度、死亡温度,并以此为基础结合蚕豆生长期的其它气象因子,制定蚕豆生长季气象服务决策表,为规范化、数字化的气象服务业务流程奠定基础. 相似文献
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盐度对隐杆藻类胡萝卜素及脂肪酸含量的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
于1992年6月,采集分离江苏台南盐场盐生隐杆藻,通过不同浓度的NaCl研究盐度对类胡萝卜素、脂肪酸含量的影响;类胡萝卜素,依Jones等(1974)方法提取,脂肪酸依Schwarzenbach等(1978)方法提取。结果表明,在0.5—1.5mol/LNaCl培养基中,类胡萝卜素的百分含量从2.76%下降到0.67%;然而当培养基NaCl浓度增加到3.5mol/L时,类胡萝卜素的百分含量又开始上升,到2.31%。在低盐度(NaCl,0.5-1.0mol/L)和高盐度NaCl,3.0-3.5mol/U)下培养的盐生隐杆藻中,总脂肪酸的含量高于中盐度(NaCl,10-25mol/L)的;软脂肪酸含量变化同总脂肪酸相似;此外,在不同盐度下各种脂肪酸的相对百分含量也是变化的。 相似文献
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CCN concentration in the middle-lower troposphere over northern China was observed using a cloud condensation nucleus counter,
MEE-130, installed on an IL-14 aircraft in the summer of 1983 and 1984. More than 60 sets of data (each flight as one set)
were collected.
The main results are: (1) in northern China, CCN concentration is 102-104/ cm3 near ground, decreases with increasing height and follows exponential distribution; (2) the local CCN concentration and its
distribution with altitude are influenced by some meteorological factors: such as inversion, cloud and precipitation, wind
and land—sea breeze etc. The inversion makes CCN significantly accumulate just below the inversion level; CCN concentration
is lower inside clouds than outside clouds at same level; wind plays an important role of transporting CCN horizontally; (3)
the CCN concentration is higher above the land than above the sea at same level; CCN concentration is one order of magnitude
lower over the coastal cities like Qingdao than over the continental cities like Zhengzhou; (4) all these suggest that CCN
in northern China comes mainly from continental surface layer. Densely—populated areas and industrial areas may produce more
CCN. 相似文献