从太湖流域旱涝史料看历史气候信息处理

历史气候信息处理建立在信息提取的基础上,目的在于建立一套方法,将定性的历史气候信息转化为气候变化参数,并消除各种不均—性,从而建立历史气候序列。本文着重介绍建立太湖流域历史旱涝等级序列的方法与步骤: 1)确立信息源,建立信息网络;2)站点等级的确定与订正;3)弱信息处理;4)信息的综合。     

The Cenozoic Volcanoes in Northeast China

There are more than 600 Cenozoic volcanic cones and craters with abeut 50 000 km2of lava flows in northeast China, which formed many volcanic clusters and shown the features of the continental rift - type volcanoes. Most volcanic activities in this area, especially in the east part of Songliao graben, were usually controlled by rifts and faults with the main direction of NE / NNE in parallel and become younger from the central graben towards its both sides, especially to the east continental margin. It is revealed that the volcanism occurred in northeast China was as strong as that occurred in Japan during the Miocene and the Quaternary. The Quaternary basalt that is usually distributed along river valley is called "valley basalt"while Neogene basalt usually distributed in the top of mounts is called "high position basalt". These volcanoes and volcanic rocks are usually composed of alkaline basalts with ultramafic inclusions, except Changbaishan volcano that is built by trachyte and pantellerite.     

南宋以来太湖流域大涝大旱及近期趋势估计

本文研究南宋以来太湖地区大旱大涝并对近期大旱大涝趋势作了估计。     

闽南-台湾浅滩渔场浮游软体动物的分布

本文分析了1987年12月至1988年11月在闽南-台湾浅滩渔场6个航次采集的浮游软体动物,初步鉴定44种,以马蹄(?)螺、棒笔帽螺、尖笔帽螺和蝴蝶螺为该海区的优势种。本文研究了它们的季节变化,平面分布和垂直分布,并讨论了它们与上升流及其他水系的关系。     

Variational iteration solving method for El Nio phenomenon atmospheric physics of nonlinear model

1 IntroductionThe El Ni’o atmospheric physics oscillation is anabnormal phenomenon involved in the tropical Pacificocean- atmosphere interactions. Studies on the El Ni(ophenomenon are very attractive (Lin et al., 2000; Linet al., 2001, 2002; Wang, 2001; Feng et al., 2001;Feng et al., 2002; Liu et al., 2002; Wei and Chen,2003; Xie et al., 2002; Zhu et al., 2002; Pu et al.,2003; Gu et al., 2004; Yu and Liu, 2004). Lin and Mo(2004), Mo and Lin (2004) and Mo et al. (2004) alsostudied a s…     

台湾海峡及其邻近海域中华哲水蚤的分布和繁殖

中华哲水蚤(Calanus sinicus Brodsky)是我国近海的优势桡足类。它的数量大，分布广。特别在冬、春季，在我国近海浮游动物中，占有相当大的比例；同时它的个体也较大，是滤食性种类。因其在海洋生态系统的物质循环和能量流动中，起着相当的作用，所以被国家自然科学基金重大项目-“东、黄海生态系统动力学与生物资源可持续利用”课题定为浮游动物的关键种之一。 作者根据以往历史资料(方金钏，1979；朱长寿，1997；朱长寿等，1991、1999；林玉辉等，1988；林元烧等，1984；李少菁，1963；陈清潮，1964；福建省海岸带和海凃综合调查领导小组，1990；福建海洋研究所，1988；Tan，1970)和多年来的研究结果(黄加祺等，1984，1986a、b、c，1989，1991a、b，1997a、b)，对中华哲水蚤在不同水域的分布，与温、盐度关系及繁殖进行了探讨，并提出见解，为本项目子课题提供了历史资料。     

罗源湾水母类的生态研究

样品于1986年11月至1987年10月在福建省罗源湾10个站位采集。经鉴定有52种水母。它们可分为沿岸暖水、沿岸暖温和大洋广布三种生态类群。水母类总数量和种类数的季节分布呈单周期,两者高峰均出现在7月。低谷分别出现于11月和1月。在平面分布上,以拟细浅室水母Lensia subtiloides占优势的月份,数量从湾口向湾顶递减,而以球型侧腕水母Pleurobrachia globosa占优势的月份,数量却递增。文中还讨论了水母类的分布和环境因素的关系。     

Effect of volatiles erupted from Mesozoic and Cenozoic volcanic activities on paleo-environmental changes in China

Based on the determination of composition of volcanic volatiles and petrologic estimation of the total mass of volatiles erupted, we showed important advances in the study of the impact of Mesozoic and Cenozoic volcanic activities on paleo-environmental changes in China. The volcanic activities include western Liaoning and Zhangjiakou Mesozoic intermediate-acidic explosive eruptions, southern Tibet and Shanwang Cenozoic volcanism, and Mt. Changbai volcanic eruption around one thousand years ago. The paper predominantly discusses the earth’s surface temperature changes, ozone depletion, acidic rain formation and mass mortalities of vertebrate induced by the Mesozoic and Cenozoic volcanism in China. __________ Translated from Bulletin of Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry, 2007, 26(4): 319–322 [译自: 矿物岩石地球化学通报]     

Palaeovariations in the East-Asian Monsoon Regime Geochemically Recorded in Varved Sediments of Lake Sihailongwan (Northeast China, Jilin Province). Part 2: a 200-Year Record of Atmospheric Lead-210 Flux Variations and its Palaeoclimatic Implications

Palaeovariations of the atmospheric ²¹⁰Pb flux in Northeast China (Long Gang area, Jilin province), quantified by high resolution ²¹⁰Pb measurements on seasonally laminated sediments of Lake Sihailongwan are presented on decadal scale. The mean flux of unsupported ²¹⁰Pb between 1790 and 1970 for the centre of the lake basin is 517 Bq m⁻² yr⁻¹ with maximum deviations between −23% and +27% of this value. Flux rates above this average were found between 1783 and 1813, around 1836, and between 1860 and 1901. The mean ²¹⁰Pb^exc flux rates derived were clearly lower around 1821, 1908, 1930, and 1953. The ²¹⁰Pb^exc flux reached its minimum of 344 Bq m⁻² yr⁻¹ during the period 1977–1982. The atmospheric flux of unsupported ²¹⁰Pb is correlated with the precipitation frequency during the summer monsoon and shows coinciding variability with geochemical proxies that document the groundwater inflow into the lake. Al₂O₃-rich dust of remote provenance scavenged by wet-deposition in the rainy season is the major carrier of the atmospheric ²¹⁰Pb^exc flux.     

LA-ICP-MS石榴子石U-Pb定年方法在异剥钙榴岩和矽卡岩年代学研究中的应用

本文利用Coherent GeoLasHD型193 nm ArF准分子激光剥蚀系统和Agilent 7900型四极杆电感耦合等离子体质谱仪, 建立了LA-ICP-MS石榴子石U-Pb定年方法。利用该方法, 对采自冀北地区晚古生代镁铁质-超镁铁质混杂岩体中的异剥钙榴岩和闽西南马坑式铁矿含矿石榴子石矽卡岩这两种岩石中的石榴子石开展U-Pb定年研究。在冀北地区晚古生代镁铁质-超镁铁质混杂岩体中的异剥钙榴岩中, 获得石榴子石下交点年龄为(387.6±5.4) Ma (D496-1, MSWD=1.1, N=30)和(409.3±7.8) Ma (D493-1, MSWD=2.0, N=60), 在马坑铁矿石榴子石矽卡岩中, 获得石榴子石下交点年龄为(128.6±2.1) Ma (ZK7921-b24, MSWD=2.0, N=60)和(128.7±3.2) Ma (ZK7922-b1, 用锆石91500校正, MSWD=1.8, N=42); 在潘田铁矿的石榴子石矽卡岩中, 获得石榴子石的下交点年龄为(128.7±1.7) Ma (PT-b1, MSWD=1.7, N=30)和(132.1±1.3) Ma (PT-b1样品, 用锆石91500校正, MSWD=1.6, N=30)(除了指明使用锆石标样91500校正石榴子石未知样品外, 其他皆用石榴子石标样Willsboro校正石榴子石未知样品的U/Pb分馏)。以上结果与Sm-Nd等时线年龄及前人报道的锆石U-Pb年龄在误差范围内一致。对马坑式铁矿石榴子石矽卡岩U-Pb定年结果表明, 利用石榴子石标样Willsboro和锆石标样91500作为外标样校正同一样品中石榴子石U/Pb同位素分馏, 获得的下交点年龄一致, 206Pb/238U年龄的加权平均值也一致, 说明石榴子石与锆石之间的基体效应较小, 在缺乏石榴子石标样时, 可用锆石标样91500代替。在上述研究基础上分析了石榴子石U-Pb定年方法在矽卡岩型矿床成矿时代研究及异剥钙榴岩年代学研究中的应用潜力, 认为石榴子石U-Pb定年方法在矽卡岩型矿床及异剥钙榴岩年代学研究中具有巨大的应用推广前景, 具有重要的理论指导和实际应用意义。