南海沉积岩芯的地球化学研究

本文对南海中部陆坡区和海盆区的5个岩芯中的 Si,Al,Fe,Mn,Ca,Mg 和 CaCO_3成分做了分析,并对其分布特征与有关影响因素进行了讨论。受沉积区环境差异的影响,元素的分布具有区域性特征;受海区特定地理位置的影响,元素的分布呈现出过渡性特征(浅海到大洋的过渡);受沉积过程中环境变化的影响,元素的分布展示了周期性变化或旋回性。根据岩芯中元素的分布特征,并参考有关古地磁,氧碳同位素和钙质超微化石的测试分析结果,将本区岩芯划分为14层地球化学层,并将本区划分为两个沉积地球化学区,揭示了早更新世以来本区沉积环境的变化和存在的两种沉积模式。     

Study on copper complexing ligand concentrations in several China’s coastal waters

Copper complexing ligand concentrations in the Daya Bay, Qingdao coast, Jiaozhou Bay, South China Sea and Huanghe Estuary waters were determined by the anodic stripping voltammetry technique. The distribution regularity and the relationship with other parameters were discussed. The results were as follows: Copper complexing ligand concentrations of the South China Sea were a little higher than those of other sea areas, and they were apparently higher than those of the ocean. Compared with the subsurface layer (SSL) in the sea surface microlayer copper complexing ligand concentrations showed an enrichment phenomenon, of which the mechanism is similar to dissolved organic matter. The metal complexing ligand concentration profiles of the South China Sea showed that the value in the sea surface was the highest, then it decreased with depth accruing, and a higher value appeared at the bottom. Copper complexing ligand concentrations were higher than those of cadmium and lead. Ligands in each sea area exhibited a complicated property. In short, the distribution regularity of copper complexing ligand concentrations in China' s coastal waters was consistent with that of other regions in the world. Meanwhile, the positive relationship between the copper complexing ligand concentrations and biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, dissolved organic carbon, and viscosity were found clearly.     

冲绳海槽中西部边缘区沉积物成因和沉积环境

本文根据１９９６年“中－法合作东海计划”在冲绳海槽中西部边缘区所取柱状样岩芯沉积物粒度分析资料,对该区沉积物特征进行研究。结果表明,火山沉积和富含生物的半远洋深海软泥沉积是本区的主要特征。以４８１ｃｍ为界,上、下两层沉积物截然不同,可能是沉积物的来源不同或者是水动力条件的差异。该区主要受火山活动的影响,其次是黑潮、大洋风暴     

海水中一氧化氮的极谱法测定

本文首次采用 Nafion和 Co(salen) /Nafion修饰铂电极测定海水中的 NO,对实验条件进行了选择 ,确定了最佳实验条件 ,即反应池通氮除氧 30 min,富集时间为 4min。同时用线性扫描法对海水中的 NO进行测定 ,测得海水中 NO的浓度与氧化峰电流之间有一定线性关系。对 Nafion修饰电极而言 ,线性范围 1～ 76.9μmol/L,R2 =0 .991 6,检出限为 1 μmol/L。同时对 2种方法修饰的铂电极进行了比较 ,即当 NO浓度在 1 0 -6mol/L数量级时 2种电极基本上无差别 ,而在 1 0 -7mol/L数量级时 Co(salen) /Nafion修饰电极要明显优于 Nafion修饰电极     

Decrepitation Thermometry and Compositions of Fluid Inclusions of the Damoqujia Gold Deposit,Jiaodong Gold Province,China:Implications for Metallogeny and Exploration

The recently discovered Damoqujia (大磨曲家) gold deposit is a large shear zone-hosted gold deposit of disseminated sulphides located in the north of the Zhaoping (招平) fault zone, Jiaodong (胶东) gold province, China. In order to distinguish the temperature range of cluster inclusions from different mineralization stages and measure their compositions, 16 fluid inclusions and 5 isotopic geochemistry samples were collected for this study. Corresponding to different mineralization stages, the multirange peaks of quartz decrepitation temperature (250-270, 310-360 and 380-430℃(2) indicate that the activity of ore-forming fluids is characterized by multistage. The ore-forming fluids were predominantly of high-temperature fluid system (HTFS) by CO2-rich, and SO2-4-K type magmatic fluid during the early stage of mineralization and were subsequently affected by low-temperature fluid system (LTFS) of CH4-rich, and Cl--Na /Ca2 type meteoric fluid during the late stage of mineralization. Gold is transferred by Au-HS- complex in the HTFS, and Au-Cl- complex can be more important in the LTFS. The transition of fluids from deeper to shallow environments results in mixing between the HTFS and LTFS, which might be one of the most key reasons for gold precipitation and large-scale mineralization. The ore-forming fluids are characterized by high-temperature, strong-activity, and superimposed mineralization, so that there is a great probability of forming large and rich ore deposit in the Damoqujia gold deposit. The main bodies are preserved and extend toward deeper parts, thereby suggesting a great potential in future.     

雅鲁藏布江蛇绿岩中地幔柱型岩浆作用——来自氦、氩同位素的证据

雅鲁藏布江蛇绿岩的氦、氩同位素组成分别是：蛇绿岩中变质橄榄岩的^3He/^4He比值为1．104-3．384Ra，平均为2．383Ra；玄武岩的He同位素组成比较均一，^3He/^4He平均值为5．359 Ra；辉绿岩的^3He／^4He比值变化较大，为1—5Ra。由于各岩石样品有不同程度的蚀变，造成放射性成因He的加入，因此大多数样品He同位素组成比低于亏损地幔大洋中脊玄武岩的值(MORB≈8Ra)，不能真实反映源区特征。而采自吉定的辉绿岩样品^3He/^4He比值平均高达31．57Ra，与夏威夷发现的热点地幔源区的样品比值接近；分步加热法进一步测试，其高比值的He是在低温区段释放的。这种高^3He/^4He比值He的捕获，表明雅鲁藏布江蛇绿岩形成时存在地幔柱型富集地幔岩浆作用。     

Fractionation characteristics of rare earth elements (REEs) linked with secondary Fe,Mn, and Al minerals in soils

Soil secondary minerals are important scavengers of rare earth elements (REEs) in soils and thus affect geochemical behavior and occurrence of REEs. The fractionation of REEs is a common geochemical phenomenon in soils but has received little attention, especially fractionation induced by secondary minerals. In this study, REEs (La to Lu and Y) associated with soil-abundant secondary minerals Fe-, Al-, and Mn-oxides in 196 soil samples were investigated to explore the fractionation and anomalies of REEs related to the minerals. The results show right-inclined chondrite-normalized REE patterns for La–Lu in soils subjected to total soil digestion and partial soil extraction. Light REEs (LREEs) enrichment features were negatively correlated with a Eu anomaly and positively correlated with a Ce anomaly. The fractionation between LREEs and heavy REEs (HREEs) was attributed to the high adsorption affinity of LREEs to secondary minerals and the preferred activation/leaching of HREEs. The substantial fractions of REEs in soils extracted by oxalate and Dithionite-Citrate-Bicarbonate buffer solutions were labile (10 %–30 %), which were similar to the mass fraction of Fe (10 %–20 %). Furthermore, Eu was found to be more mobile than the other REEs in the soils, whereas Ce was less mobile. These results add to our understanding of the distribution and geochemical behavior of REEs in soils, and also help to deduce the conditions of soil formation from REE fractionation.     

鄱阳湖乐安河流域水质监测优化布点

采用鄱阳湖乐安河流域13个监测断面1995-2002年8年的污染指标的监测平均值作为原始数据,应用物元分析法对各监测断面进行优化．在确定最佳和最次理想点的基础上,建立标准物元矩阵和节域物元矩阵,并结合综合关联函数,选出优化点位．同时应用相关分析中的距离分析和K-均值聚类法确定各监测点所属类别．综合这三种优化结果,最终确定乐安河流域可以由传统的13个监测点位优化为9个监测点位．     

海水温度对衰亡期浒苔释放生源硫影响的模拟研究

为研究浒苔释放生源硫的特征,本文对采集于黄海绿潮中期和末期的浒苔进行了实验室模拟培养,探讨了不同温度对衰亡期浒苔释放生源硫化物的影响。实验结果表明,在10~25℃温度范围内,温度升高能够加速浒苔的衰亡。二甲基硫（DMS）的平均释放速率范围为2.79~150.70 nmol/（L·g·d）,二甲基硫基丙酸内盐（DMSP）的平均释放速率范围为2.16~113.26 nmol/（L·g·d）。温度升高能够使DMS和DMSP的释放速率加快,释放量增加,DMS最大平均释放速率在25℃条件下比10℃条件下升高了约60%,培养液中DMS浓度升高了2~3倍。采集于绿潮末期的浒苔培养液中的DMS和DMSP和采集于绿潮中期的浒苔相比,浓度有所增加,采集于浒苔绿潮末期浒苔培养液中DMS的最高平均浓度为418.41 nmol/L,约为中期的4倍;DMSP的最高平均浓度为316.14 nmol/L,是中期的3倍。浒苔绿潮的爆发会对水体中的硫体系循环产生影响,进而影响该海域生态环境。     

渤海银鲳肌肉生化成分分析与营养价值评价

研究采用现代生化分析方法,测定了渤海银鲳肌肉的营养成分,结果表明:肌肉含水量76.22%,蛋白质16.76%,脂肪5.03%,灰分1.31%,无氮浸出物0.68%;肌肉组织中的18种氨基酸中以谷氨酸含量最高,天冬氨酸次之,亮氨酸居于第三位;肌肉组织中的主要脂肪酸排列顺序如下:C18:1(n97)C16:0C22:6n3C16:1n7C18:0,饱和脂肪酸(SFA)占脂肪酸总量的23.32%～33.15%,单烯酸(MUFA)占22.49%～29.97%,多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)占13.11%～22.50%,EPA和DHA之和占7.18%～10.08%。根据1973年FAO/WHO推荐的必需氨基酸需要量模式对银鲳肌肉进行评价,氨基酸比值系数分为83,第一限制性氨基酸为亮氨酸。