基于EOF分析对南海西北海域水体光谱特性的研究

This study presents an analysis of the spectral characteristics of remote sensing reflectance(R_(rs)) in northwestern South China Sea based on the in situ optical and water quality data for August 2018.R_(rs)was initially divided into four classes,classes A to D,using the max-classification algorithm,and the spectral properties of whole R_(rs) were characterized using the empirical orthogonal function(EOF) analysis.Subsequently,the dominant factors in each EOF mode were determined.The results indicated that more than 95% of the variances of R_(rs) are partly driven by the back-scattering characteristics of the suspended matter.The initial two EOF modes were well correlated with the total suspended matter and back-scattering coefficient.Furthermore,the first EOF modes of the four classes of R_(rs)(A-D R_(rs)-EOF_1) significantly contributed to the total variances of each R_(rs) class.In addition,the correlation coefficients between the amplitude factors of class A-D R_(rs)-EOF_1 and the variances of the relevant water quality and optical parameters were better than those of the unclassified ones.The spectral shape of class AR_(rs)-EOF_1 was governed by the absorption characteristic of chlorophyll a and colored dissolved organic matter(CDOM).The spectral shape of class B R_(rs)-EOF_1 was governed by the absorption characteristic of CDOM since it exhibited a high correlation with the absorption coefficient of CDOM(a_g(λ)),whereas the spectral shape of class C R_(rs)-EOF_1 was governed by the back-scattering characteristics but not affected by the suspended matter.The spectral shape of class D R_(rs)-EOF_1 exhibited a relatively good correlation with all the water quality parameters,which played a significant role in deciding its spectral shape.     

抚顺煤层气赋存特征及资源评价研究

抚顺矿区城市下压煤面积6km^2,煤炭储量23901．5万t。通过对矿区地质特征、煤储层特征分析．认为区内煤层气含量高（9．81～24．53m^3／t）,煤层中大空隙多,透气性好,渗透率较高（0．24～3．60mD）。煤层直接顶板为厚100m左右的致密油页岩,底板为泥岩、凝灰岩,具有良好的封闭条件。根据矿区多年测试资料,采用容积法得出区内煤层气资源量为30．53亿m^3。综合开发煤层气资源符合东北老矿区的实际,其将为复苏东北重工业基地提供有效的洁净能源。     

Velocity structure of uppermost mantle beneath North China from Pn tomography and its implications

20301 Pn arrival time data are collected from the seismological bulletins of both national and regional seismic networks. Pn travel time residuals are tomographically inverted for the Pn velocity structure of uppermost mantle beneath North China. The result indicates that the average Pn velocity in North China is 7.92 km/s, and the velocity varies laterally from ?0.21 to +0.29 km/s around the average. The approximately NNE trending high and low velocity regions arrange alternatively west-eastward. From west to east we can see high velocity in the middle Ordos region, the Shanxi graben low, the Jizhong depression high, the west Shandong uplift and Bohai Sea low, and the high velocity region to the east of the Tanlu fault. In the southern boundary zone of the North China block, except for the high velocity in the Qingling Mountains region, the velocity is generally lower than the average. Obvious velocity anisotropy is seen in the Datong Cenozoic volcanic region, with the fast velocity direction in NNE-SSW. Notable velocity anisotropy is also seen around the Bay of Bohai Sea, and the fast velocity directions seem to show a rotation pattern, possibly indicating a flow-like deformation in the uppermost mantle there. The Pn velocity variations show a reversed correlation with the Earth's heat flow. The low Pn velocity regions generally show high heat flow, e.g., the Shanxi graben and Bohai Sea region. While the high Pn velocity regions usually manifest low heat flow, e.g., the region of Jizhong depression. This indicates that the Pn velocity variation in the study region is mainly aroused by the regional temperature difference in the uppermost mantle. Strong earthquakes in the crust tend to occur in the region with the abnormal low Pn velocity, or in the transition zone between high and low Pn velocity regions. The earthquakes in the low velocity region are shallower, while that in the transition zone are deeper.     

上地幔顶部折射波走时层析成像研究综述

简要介绍了上地幔顶部折射波走时层析成像研究的发展历程，详细介绍了上地幔项部折射波走时层析成像研究的各种方法并分析了其优缺点，介绍了国内外有关上地幔顶部折射波的研究工作和成果，阐述了上地幔顶部速度结构与构造活动的关系及其地球动力学意义。     

上海市PM_(10)浓度四季遥感模型研究

通过分析2001—2012年上海市PM_(10)浓度(由API(Air Pollution Index)转化得到)的变化规律,构建了上海市PM_(10)浓度的遥感反演模型。结果表明:1)上海市PM_(10)浓度存在季节性变化,应分别建立遥感反演模型。2)分析MODIS气溶胶光学厚度(Aerosol Optical Depth,AOD)产品与PM_(10)浓度之间的相关性发现,AOD须经过垂直和湿度订正才可与PM_(10)建立较好的关系。3)结合垂直和湿度订正分别建立的上海市PM_(10)浓度春夏秋冬四季的遥感反演模型均通过了拟合度检验,其中春季模型采用指数函数、夏季和秋季模型采用二次多项式函数、冬季采用幂函数、全年采用二次多项式函数,利用此四季模型反演上海市PM_(10)浓度具有较高的可信度。     

河南省灵宝市虢州石含矿岩系特征及时代探讨

虢州石产于豫西地区震旦系一套紫红色厚层状泥岩中,含矿岩系特点:粘土矿物含量大于90%,SiO_2、Al_2O_3含量较高,颜色随Fe_2O_3含量变化等。调查发现:该层状泥岩与上覆的震旦系罗圈组冰碛砾岩之间为整合接触关系,应同属于罗圈组。含虢州石的罗圈组与临汝县罗圈组建组剖面、确山县吴楼罗圈组剖面有异同。通过剖面测制、区域对比,在层序地层学的基础上探讨其赋存层位与沉积时代。     

利用分布式光纤声传感设备开展青藏高原易贡湖浅层结构探测

地震数据是利用地震学方法探测地下结构的基础条件,然而传统地震仪器难以获得极端环境地区(水下、高原等)的长时间、高密度连续数据。较之国际仪器厂商,国内的DAS研制相对较晚。自2016年起,国产DAS逐步应用于石油测井和城市区域地下结构探测,而运用在极端环境下的探测工作尚未见报道。中国科学院半导体研究所与青藏高原研究所经过多年合作研究,于2021年4月将自主研发的DAS系统首次应用于青藏高原的野外数据采集。本次试验同时记录了地面和水下的连续背景噪声和重锤数据。该研究利用背景噪声成像技术,获得了西藏易贡湖地区地表70 m以内的横波速度结构。本次研究为极端环境下的低成本、高密度数据采集和地下结构探测提供了理论和试验依据。     

塔西南厚黄土戈壁区地震资料静校正处理技术及应用

静校正技术是复杂地表区地震资料地震成像的核心技术,塔里木盆地塔西南厚黄土戈壁区受低速层速度低、变化大,静校正问题突出,严重影响地震资料品质.在传统层析静校正技术的基础上,这里提出了改进的层析反演静校正处理技术,核心技术包括精确的初至拾取技术、分偏移距从浅到深逐步迭代的回转波层析反演技术、等速面静校正计算技术.通过这些技...     

CMP域内海洋CSEM法探测海底天然气水合物分辨能力研究

海洋CSEM法因其对海底高阻体反应灵敏,可用于探测和识别海底天然气水合物储层,然而,由于海底天然气水合物成因和成藏规律复杂,一些区域横向块状分布或是垂向多层分布的成藏模式加大了探测难度和成本,对于探测分辨能力也提出了更高的要求。为了在实际CSEM探测中进行高阻异常的现场快速评估,借鉴地震勘探共中心点道集的转换方式,将二维模型的海洋CSEM响应在CMP域单元内转换为一维模型的响应,进而实现二维模型CSEM资料在CMP域内的近似一维反演,针对不同电阻率模型讨论勘探参数对异常体分辨能力的影响。结果表明,海洋CSEM资料的CMP域反演对横向和纵向上相邻的水合物储集体具有一定的分辨能力,这为海洋CSEM法探测复杂成藏模式的水合物提供理论依据。     

RFID技术在数字城市建设中的应用

介绍了RFID的基本概念和特点,并对RFID技术进行详细地阐述,探讨了RFID技术在数字城市建设中的应用。