Neutrino initiated cascades at mid and high altitudes in the atmosphere

High energy neutrinos play a very important role for the understanding of the origin and propagation of ultra high energy cosmic rays (UHECR). They can be produced as a consequence of the hadronic interactions suffered by the cosmic rays in the acceleration regions, as by products of the propagation of the UHECR in the radiation background and as a main product of the decay of super heavy relic particles. A new era of very large exposure space observatories, of which the JEM-EUSO mission is a prime example, is on the horizon which opens the possibility of neutrino detection in the highest energy region of the spectrum. In the present work we use a combination of the PYTHIA interaction code with the CONEX shower simulation package in order to produce fast one-dimensional simulations of neutrino initiated showers in air. We make a detail study of the structure of the corresponding longitudinal profiles, but focus our physical analysis mainly on the development of showers at mid and high altitudes, where they can be an interesting target for space fluorescence observatories.     

Re-Os同位素定年方法进展及ICP-MS精确定年测试关键技术

本文介绍了Re-Os同位素定年的基本原理、技术发展及应用现状;综述了样品分解和Re-Os分离富集的主要方法,重点对ICP-MS法进行Re-Os同位素定年做了较详尽的介绍,包括质量分馏校正、干扰校正、含量初测、取样量的确定、稀释剂的稀释比及稀释剂加入量等,以确保高精度测试;评述了ICP-MS最常见的测定对象-辉钼矿中Re-Os的失耦现象及降低其对Re-Os同位素定年影响的对策,文中描述了由测定同位素比值计算含量时的误差传递公式并重申了最佳稀释比。最后,指出了Re-Os同位素定年方法研究中应该关注的工作方向。