中国对虾(Penaeus chinensis)四倍体诱导研究

利用光控和行为学原理,控制中国对虾在适当时候产卵,在一定的时刻以温度休克和细胞松弛素的方法诱导受精卵发育成为四倍体。作者发展了对虾染色体制备技术,以中肠和触角腺、精巢为材料,从后期幼体直到8～9cm左右次成虾均获得较好的分裂中相。染色体倍性检测结果表明,最好的四倍体诱导成功率达66.7％。共获得10cm左右的实验对虾几千尾。初步观察表明,四倍体中国对虾具有一定的生长优势。     

海上油井密封套管内海水冻胀特性试验分析

1998年首次进行了海上油井密封套管内海水冻胀特性模拟试验,建立了一套各种参数的测量系统.文中介绍了管内海水冻结过程、海水过冷温度、结冰水温、轴向冻胀力以及管体应变测量结果.     

On dynamic coupling effects between a spar and its mooring lines

The responses of a spar constrained by slack mooring lines to steep ocean waves and tensions in the mooring lines are simulated using two different numerical schemes: a quasi-static approach (SMACOS) and a coupled dynamic approach (COUPLE). The two approaches are the same in computing wave loads on the structure. Their difference is in modeling dynamic forces of mooring lines; that is the dynamic forces are included in the computation of COUPLE but neglected in SMACOS. The numerical simulation is examined against the laboratory measurements of the JIP Spar in a water depth of 318 m. The dynamic coupling effects between the JIP Spar and its mooring lines in different water depths (318, 618 and 1018 m) are investigated by the comparison of numerical simulations obtained using the quasi-static and coupled dynamic approaches. It is found that the damping of mooring lines reduces the slow-drift surge and pitch of the Spar, especially in deep water. The reduction in the amplitude of slow-drift surge can reach about 10% in a water depth of 1018 m. The tension in mooring lines may greatly increase in the wave frequency range when dynamic forces in mooring lines are considered. The mooring-line tension in the wave frequency range predicted by the coupled dynamic approach can be eight times as great as the corresponding prediction by the quasi-static approach in a water depth of 1018 m. This finding may have important implications for the estimation of the fatigue strength and life span of the mooring lines deployed in deep water oceans.     

南极布兰斯菲尔德海峡表层沉积物的酸解烃

本文研究了南极布兰斯菲尔德海峡表层沉积物的酸解烃分布特征，并佐以热释汞和蚀变碳酸盐的分析。从酸解烃中甲烷含量的低值和Ｃ１／（Ｃ２＋Ｃ３）比值，以及乙烯的存在等判断，布兰斯菲尔德海峡沉积物的烃类气体来自于生物成因。     

A new type of Shipboard Meteorological Satellite Receiving-processing System

INTRODUCTIONTheSMSRPSisstalledontheshipnavigatingovertheseaandreceivessatellitecloudmapsatanytimetoprovidereliablereal-timedataofmeteorologyandocean.Itisanimportantequipmentforsafeguardofshipnavigation.Chinahasthousandsofoceanicships.Butalmostallships,withonlyveryfewexception,arenotstalledbySMSRPS.Thecausesareasfollows:1.Thetechniqueisverycomplicated.2.Thedevelopmentcostisveryhigh.3.Ifweintroduceforeignequipment,thecostistooexpensive.4.Foreignequipmentanditssoftwarearecompletelyclo…     

盐渍洼地蟹种培育试验

盐渍洼地种蟹培育是解决成蟹养殖种苗来源的重要途径，文中介绍的幼蟹放养，饲养管理与水质控制，幼蟹生长率与土增重量的变化，蟹种成活率与回捕率等对蟹种池墉强化培育提供了经验与理论依据。     

GPS单点测速的误差分析及精度评价 (英文)

Error sources which decrease the accuracy of GPS in absolute velocity determination have been changed since SA was turned off. Firstly, quantities of all kinds of error sources that influence velocity determination are analyzed. The potential accuracy of GPS absolute velocity determination is derived from both theory and field GPS data simulation. After that, two tests were carried out to evaluate the performance of GPS absolute velocity determination in the case of a static and an airborne GPS receiver and INS （Inertial Navigation System） instrument in kinematic mode. In static mode, the receiver velocity has been estimated to be several mm/s with the carrier-phase derived Doppler measurements, and several cm/s with the receiver generated Doppler measurements. In kinematic mode, GPS absolute velocity estimates are compared with the synchronized measurements from the high accuracy INS. The root mean square statistics of the velocity discrepancies between GPS and INS come up to dm/s. Moreover, it has a strong correlation with the acceleration or jerk of the aircraft.     

GPS单频精密单点定位方法与实践

讨论了单频精密单点定位的解算方法与思路,编写了单频精密动态单点定位的程序,实现了事后动态单频精密单点定位.     

上海城市发展的环境问题及其对策研究

上海市的发展战略;空间布局模式和环境管理是文章讨论的三个主要问题。作者认为:(1)战略设想要立足于上海的发展,“开发浦东、振兴上海、服务全国、面向世界;”(2)新的空间布局模式应为“逐步形成新的CBD,强化和完善金融和服务功能”;(3)城市发展和环境建设要协调。文章着重讨论了上海城市发展中出现的环境问题及其治理的对策和措施。     

寒武系古流体地球化学特征及其对页岩气保存的指示意义 ——以中扬子地区寒武系页岩气发现井宜地2井为例

保存条件是中扬子地区页岩气富集的关键因素之一，宜地2井是中扬子寒武系页岩气发现井，通过对该井全井段岩芯裂缝古流体的地球化学分析，探讨了寒武系古流体成因和对水井沱组页岩气保存条件的指示意义。结果认为：① 覃家庙组膏岩层之上方解石脉缺少Fe2+、Mn2+，且δ13C和δ18O值较围岩偏负，指示其形成于氧化的环境，石牌组方解石脉δ13C偏负，黄铁矿脉δ34S值与膏盐相似，表明其成因与TSR密切相关；水井沱组脉体δ13C和δ18O与围岩相似，形成于封闭的环境。② 方解石脉包裹体群SO42-、Ca2+、Mg2+含量整体上由覃家庙组向上向下分别递减，钠氯系数以水井沱组最低，整体上向上升高，表明覃家庙组是高盐度卤水的主要来源，水井沱组受外来流体影响弱；包裹体水溶液δD和δ18O也指示娄山关组、石牌组方解石脉成因分别与大气水、TSR相关。③ 古流体地球化学研究表明宜昌地区页岩气保存条件整体较好，页岩气散失的主要通道是垂直裂缝，页岩气保存条件好与膏盐盖层发育、后期构造破坏弱、脉体对裂缝的及时封闭以及白垩系盖层等因素密切相关。