Anthropogenic influence on the planktonic community in the basin of Mamala Bay (Oahu Island,Hawaii) based on field and satellite data

The anthropogenic impact on the biomass of coastal plankton communities caused by submerged disposal of urban sewage waters (dumping) was studied. The observations were carried out in August–September of 2002–2004 in Mamala Bay (Oahu Island, Hawaii) using satellite and sea truth methods. An analysis of the variability of the integral indicators of the water column determined on the basis of shipborne measurements allowed us to divide them into two groups: the elements most sensitive to the pollution (heterotrophic bacteria (H-Bact), the phototrophic cyanobacteria Synechococcus spp. (SYN), and chlorophyll a (CHLa)) and the elements that manifested episodic positive dependence on the inflow of the polluted waters (heterotrophic unicellular eukaryotes, small unicellular algae, the phototrophic green bacteria Prochlorococcus spp., as well as the total biomass of microplankton). It was shown that the submerged wastewater disposal in the region of the diffuser of the dumping device led to an insignificant (1.2–1.4 times, on the average) local increase in the integral biomass of H-Bact, SYN, and in the content of CHLa. A similar but sharper (1.5–2.1, on the average) increase in these parameters was found in the water layers with maximal biomasses. The possible pathways of disposed waters (under the pycnocline, at its upper boundary, and in the entire mixed layer) were analyzed on the basis of studying the vertical displacement of the biomasses of H-Bact, SYN, and prochlorophytes. The possibility of using the optical anomalies distinguished from satellite data as markers of anthropogenic eutrophication caused by dumping was confirmed. Application of such markers depends on the water transparency and on the shapes of the curves of the vertical distribution of autotrophic organisms.     

Joint Analysis of Anomalies of Different Geophysical Fields,Recorded from Space before Strong Earthquakes in California

Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - Results are presented from using satellite data to study anomalies of different geophysical fields due to the interaction of the lithosphere,...     

Detecting Lineament System Anomalies during Strong 6.4 and 7.1 Earthquakes in California from Satellite Imagery

Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - Using remote sensing data, we study the changes in lineament systems during the preparation and process of strong earthquakes with М = 7.1 and...     

Spatiotemporal Analysis of Multi-Year Wildfires and Emissions of Trace Gases and Aerosols in Russia Based on Satellite Data

Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - An analysis is performed of the annual and intraseasonal dynamics of wildfire areas and volumes of trace gas components (CO, CO2, CH4, NO, and NO2) and...     

Verification of the concept of seismoionospheric coupling under quiet heliogeomagnetic conditions,using the Wenchuan (China) earthquake of May 12, 2008, as an example

The variability of the ionosphere during April–May, 2008, has been analyzed in detail in order to reveal anomalous variations related to seismic activity, initiated by the strongest Wenchuan earthquake (M = 7.9) in the Sichuan province on May 12, 2008. Information about the total electron content (TEC) from the network of GPS receivers in the earthquake region, the global IONEX TEC maps, and the reconstructed vertical profiles of electron density according to the data of GPS receivers were used as a data source. The spatial and time localization of the observed anomalies, their morphological features, and the absence of geomagnetic disturbances during the observation period undoubtedly demonstrate that the observed variations were caused by seismic activity.     

Systematization of Ionospheric,Geodynamic, and Thermal Precursors of Strong (M ≥ 6) Earthquakes Detected from Space

Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - The article describes the formation features of short- and mid-term strong (M ≥ 6) earthquake precursors detected from space. A database has been...     

Studies of hydrophysical processes during monitoring of the anthropogenic impact on coastal basins using the example of Mamala Bay of Oahu Island in Hawaii

This paper presents the main results of processing the data obtained in the study of hydrophysical processes during multidisciplinary monitoring of the anthropogenic impact on the coastal basin of Mamala Bay (Oahu Island, Hawaii). The results of the hydrophysical measurements carried out in August–September of 2002–2004 using stationary moorings and dropped and towed ship sensors were analyzed as the initial data. On the basis of these measurements, spatiotemporal, statistical, and spectral characteristics of different hydrophysical parameters of the marine envrionement in the basin of Mamala Bay were calculated, including three-dimensional components of the velocity vectors, the spectra of different components of velocities, the spectra of temperature fluctuations, and the characteristics of internal waves. The variability of the temperature fields and the correlation of the tidal phenomena with the temperature measurements and fluctuations caused by internal waves were analyzed. The materials and methods of the oceanographic studies and the results of the analysis of the meteorological and hydrological conditions are presented. The results obtained are used for a multidisciplinary analysis of the satellite and sea truth data.     

A Study from Space of Anomalous Variations of Various Geophysical Fields during the Preparation of a Series of Strong Earthquakes in Italy in 2016–2017

Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - A time series of the occurrence of thermal anomalies, aerosol optical-depth anomalies, and total electron content of the ionosphere during the...