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1.
Physical oceanography 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
2.
Evidence for the applicability of GEK (Geomagnetic Electrokinetography) measurements to shallow water regions is provided
from observations in the shelf region of the East China Sea. The reason for the effectiveness of GEK measurements in this
case is investigated theoretically, and it is shown to be attributable to the existence of a thick conductive sedimentary
layer. In addition, it is shown that low conductive basement rock can be regarded as a good conductor for GEK measurements
if the current width is broad enough and if the ratio of current width to water depth is larger than the resistivity ratio
of basement rock to sea water. This implies that barotropic tidal currents can be measured with GEK in any ocean on the earth
if they have significant magnitudes. 相似文献
3.
By using existing data obtained in the offshore area from the Boso Peninsula to the Joban Coast, it was shown that the double
structure of the Kuroshio Front — which is usually found along the northern edge of the Kuroshio Extension to the east 143°E
(Nagataet al., 1986 ; Shinet al., 1988) — is hardly found at the edge of the Kuroshio when it is flowing along the Japanese coast or in the area to the west
of 142°E. It was suggested that the cold and fresh water core beneath the density front of the double structure originates
from the fresh and cold Oyashio Water which is captured beneath the Kuroshio Front just off the Kashima Coast. The double
structure of the Kuroshio Front would be generated and developed very rapidly in the region between 142°E and 143°E just after
the Kuroshio leaves the Japanese coast. 相似文献
4.
Infrared polarimetry of Venus over the phase angles from 18 to 171° has been made extending previous measurements (S. Sato, K. Kawara, Y. Kobayashi, H. Okuda, K. Noguchi, T. Mukai, and S. Mukai (1980). Icarus43, 288) in both wavelength λ and phase angle θ. The results of polarization measurements at 2.25 μm ? λ ? 5.0 μm are (i) small positive and negative values at K(2.25 μm), (ii) a remarkable variation with λ in the CVF(2.2?4.2μm) filter region, (iii) a nearly smooth curve as a function of θ having a peak value of ~36% at θ ~ 90° at both 3.6 μm and L′(3.8 μm), and (iv) a decrease with increasing field of view at M(5.0 μm) due to the contamination of thermal emission from the dark crescent. Furthermore, at 3.6 μm and L′(3.8 μm), (v) higher values at the poles than at the equator and (vi) 4.5- to 5.9-day periodic fluctuations are also found. From a comparison with model calculations, the results confirm the existence of a thin haze layer consisting of submicron-size particles above the main clouds of Venus; e.g., its optical thickness is about 0.1 at λ ~ 0.94 μm. In addition, result (vi) could be explained by a variation of the optical thickness of the haze layer or that of the brightness temperature of the main clouds. 相似文献
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7.
Kazushi Aranami Shuichi Watanabe Shizuo Tsunogai Masato Hayashi Ken Furuya Toshi Nagata 《Journal of Oceanography》2001,57(3):315-322
Dimethylsulfide (DMS), chlorophyll a (Chl-a), accessory pigments (fucoxanthin, peridinin and 19-hexanoyloxyfucoxanthin), and bacterial production (BP) were measured in the surface layer (0–100 m) of the subarctic North Pacific, including the Bering Sea, during summer (14 July–5 September, 1997). In surface sewater, the concentrations of DMS and Chl-a varied widely from 1.3 to 13.2 nM (5.1 ± 3.0 nM, mean ± S.D., n = 48) and from 0.1 to 2.4 µg L–1 (0.6 ± 0.6 µg L–1, n = 24), respectively. In the subarctic North Pacific, DMS to Chl-a ratios (DMS/Chl-a) were higher on the eastern side than the western side (p < 0.0001). Below the euphotic zone, DMS/Chl-a ratios were law and the correlation between DMS and Chl-a was relatively strong (r
2 = 0.700, n = 27, p < 0.0001). In the euphotic zone, DMS/Chl-a ratios were higher and the correlation between DMS and Chl-a was weak (r
2 = 0.128, n = 50, p = 0.01). The wide variation in DMS/Chl-a ratios would be at least partially explained by the geographic variation in the taxonomic composition of phytoplankton, because of the negative correlation between DMS/Chl-a and fucoxanthin-to-Chl-a ratios (Fuc/Chl-a) (r
2 = 0.476, n = 26, p = 0.0001). Furthermore, there was a positive correlation between DMS and BP (r
2 = 0.380, n = 19, p = 0.005). This suggests that BP did not represent DMS and dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) removal by bacterial consumption but rather DMSP degradation to DMS by bacterial enzyme. 相似文献
8.
Prof. Dr. T. Nagata 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1958,39(1):96-101
Summary Disturbances in the critical frequency of theF2-region of the ionosphere at Watheroo on international magnetically disturbed days are analyzed together with simultaneous geomagnetic data at the same station. The results show that the daily average disturbanceDm (foF2) becomes negative or positive according as the maximum of the disturbance daily variationSD (foF2) takes place in night time or in daytime respectively. This fact may show that bothDm (foF2) andSD (foF2) are due to the condition that the daytime increase in the daily variation of theF2-region is reduced or enhanced owing to vertical drift of the ionosphere caused by electric currents responsible for geomagneticSD. 相似文献
9.
Summary Magnetic and crystallographic properties of solid solutionsxFeTiO3. (1–x) Fe2O3 of hematite (Fe2O3) and ilmenite (FeTiO3), which have rhombohedral crystal structure, are examined in detail for the whole range of 0 x 1. Samples examined are mineral grains separated out from natural rocks and artificially synthesized ones. The minerals of the hematite-ilmenite series for 0.55<x are ferromagnetic and their Curie-point decreases in proportion to increase inx, becoming 0 C aroundx=0.8. Those for 0.55 >x >0 are feeble ferromagnetic, probably being anti-ferromagnetic just same as hematite. Finally probable cause of the ferromagnetism forx>0.55 is briefly discussed. It seems that presence of ferromagnetic ilmenite must always be taken into consideration whenever magnetism of rocks is studied in relation to various geophysical phenomena.
Zusammenfassung Die magnetischen und krystallographischen Eigenschaften der festen LösungenxFeTiO3. (1–x) Fe2O3 von Hämatit (Fe2O3) und Ilmenit (FeTiO3), die eine rhombohedrale Krystallstruktur haben, wurden im ganzen Bereich von 0 x 1 ausführlich untersucht. Die untersuchten Proben waren aus Naturgesteinen getrennten sowie aus zusammengesetzten künstlichen Mineralkörner. Die Minerale der Hämatit-Ilmenitschen Reihe von 0.55<x sind ferromagnetisch, und ihr Curie-Punkt nimmt proportional mit der Zunahme vonx ab, und fallsx ungefähr 0.8 erreicht, wird er 0 C. Die Minerale von 0.55 >x >0 sind hingegen schwach ferromagnetisch, und vielleicht sind sie genau wie das Hämatit antiferromagnetisch. Zum Schlusse wurde die wahrscheinliche Ursache des Ferromagnetismus im Umfang von x>0.55 kurz besprochen. Es scheint, dass man das Vorhandensein von ferromagnetischem Ilmcnit immer dann in Betracht ziehen muss, wenn man den Gesteinmagnetismus in Bezug auf die verschiedenen geophysikalischen Phänomene untersucht.
Résumé On étudie les proprietés magnétiques et cristallographiques des solutions solides rhombohédralesxFeTiO3. (1–x) Fe2O3 de l'hématite (Fe2O3) et de l'ilménite (FeTiO3) pour l'étendue totale de 0 x 1. Les échantillons examinés sont des minéraux séparés par des grains naturels et des grains artificiellement synthétisés. On montre que les minéraux de la série hématite-ilménite sont ferromagnétiques pourx>0.55 et que leur point de Curie diminue en proportion à l'acroissement de x: il est atteind à 0 C quandx est environ 0.8. Les minéraux pour 0.55 >x >0 sont faiblement ferromagnétiques, étant probablement antiferromagnétiques comme l'hématite pure. Finalement, on discute briévement l'origine probable du ferromagnétisme des solutions solides dans l'étenduex>0.55. Il semble que la présence de l'ilménite ferromagnétique doit Être considérée lorsqu'on étudie le magnétisme des roches par rapport aux divers phénomènes géophysiques.相似文献
10.