地理信息系统在海水养殖环境研究中的应用

本文概述了目前我国海水养殖环境所面临的主要问题，分析了GIS技术及其在养殖水域生态环境研究中的功能和作用，尝试性地探讨了GIS技术的数据收集、管理和分析的强大功能在养殖水域生态环境研究中的若干应用及其发展前景，并以广东考洲洋养殖水域的环境监测作为示例加以阐述。     

Effects of salinity, light and temperature on growth rates of two species of Gracilaria (Rhodophyta)

Effects of temperature, salinity and light intensity on growth rates of Gracilaria lichenoides and G tenuistipitata var. liui Zhang et Xia were tested. Eight to ten levels of each factor were first tested separately. The best growth rate was obtained under the conditions of 32～C, 30 and 240 μmol/(m2·s) for G. lichenoides, and 24℃, 20 and 200 μmol/(m2.s) for G. tenuistipitata, respectively. Then a uniform design was used to evaluate the optimal combinations of the three factors. The best conditions for the highest daily specific growth rates (% increase in wet weight) are determined to be 31.30℃, 32.10, and 287.23 μmol/(m2·s) for G. lichenoides (16.26%/d), and 25.38℃, 21.10, and 229.07 μmol/(m2·s) for G. tenuistipitata (14.83%/d), respectively.     

卵形鲳鲹3个养殖群体的微卫星多态性分析

运用6对微卫星引物分别对海南、深圳、福建3个地区的卵形鲳鲹Trachinotus ovatus养殖群体的遗传差异进行分析。结果表明,3个养殖群体的平均等位基因数(Na)为3.67—3.83,平均有效等位基因数(Ne)为2.43—3.03,平均观测杂合度(Ho)为0.48—0.66,平均期望杂合度(He)为0.56—0.64,平均多态信息含量(PIC)为0.49—0.55,可见3个养殖群体的遗传多样性较高。Hardy-weinberg平衡遗传偏离指数(d)显示海南和深圳养殖群体杂合子过剩(分别为0.10和0.12),而福建养殖群体则出现杂合子缺失(-0.08)。统计检验发现3个群体中各位点的遗传偏离并不显著(p>0.05)。3个养殖群体的遗传相似度及遗传距离信息聚类分析结果表明,福建与深圳养殖群体的亲缘关系较近,两者与海南养殖群体的亲缘关系较远。3个养殖群体的确切来源还有待进一步研究。