南海北缘北东东向构造活动性研究

从地形地貌特征、重磁地球物理场、深部构造与断裂构造以及地震活动、震源机制等多方面论述北东东向构造是南海北缘的主要活动构造。对于长期以来认为新华夏系北东向构造是该区主要活动构造的观点来说，这是一种新的学术思想。     

中国红树林生态系统的植物种类、多样性、功能及其保护

本文从4个方面对中国红树林生态系统的植物进行论述：（1）中国红树林生态系统的红树植物、半红树植物、伴生植物、红树林区的大型藻类和浮游植物种类；（2）中国红树林生态系统植物的物种多样性、红树植物生理和形态适应的多样性、产物的多样性；（3）红树林的生态功能；（4）中国红树林生态系统的主要保护问题及其保护措施。     

Internal wave eigenmodes and their weak nonlinear resonant interaction in a nonlinearly stratified fluid—A preliminary theoretical and experimental study

A preliminary theoretical and experimental study was conducted on internal wave modes and their weak nonlinear resonant interaction in a nonlinearly stratified fluid. An asymptotical solution of the modes and a dispersion relation of internal waves in a stratified fluid with density profile similar to that in our experiment were obtained theoretically. The resonant-interaction mechanism to 2nd order approximation is also discussed. The resonant interaction of the 3rd and 4th mode internal waves excited by the unstable 1st mode wave is analyzed on the basis of data obtained by conductivity probes. The resonant-interaction condition, i.e., ,k ₁+k ₃+k ₄=0, is examined. It is shown that the resonant instability increases with pycnocline thickness and wave maker driving frequency. This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.     

长江下游一次大暴雨的中尺度模拟分析

运用中尺度数值模式（MM5V3.6）对2004年6月25日长江下游地区一次大暴雨天气过程进行了数值模拟,结合天气形势和卫星云图对此次过程进行了分析.结果表明：在东北冷涡和西太平洋副热带高压两大天气尺度系统的作用下,西南低空急流的再次加强和中低层切变线共同作用是此次大暴雨过程的主要原因.螺旋度分析表明,在不均匀的强上升气流的作用下,涡旋的水平分量向垂直分量转化是此次强降水的可能机制之一.     

MODIFIED MASS FLUX CUMULUS CONVECTIVE PARAMETERIZATION SCHEME AND ITS SIMULATION EXPERIMENT—PART Ⅰ:MASS FLUX SCHEME AND ITS SIMULATION OF THE 1991 FLOOD EVENT*

Based on the existing cumulus convective parameterization schemes,a mass flux scheme (MFS) for cumulus convective parameterization has been successfully developed by reference to the work of Chen et al. (1996).The MFS is a comprehensive scheme.In MFS,not only the importance of the large-scale moisture convergence is taken into account,but also it includes the cumulus updrafts and downdrafts,cumulus-induced subsidence in the environmental air.entrainment,detrainment and evaporation.The interaction between the cumulus and the environment is described by using a one-dimensional bulk model.At the same time the scheme includes the penetrative and shallow convections.The MFS has been successfully incorporated into the regional climate model RegCM2 developed by NCAR.The new model has been applied to simulate summer monsoon characteristics and their variations of heavy rainfall process in the Changjiang-Huaihe River Basins for three months from May to July 1991.The results show that the new model can successfully simulate this rainfall prolonged process.By comparising the model outputs of RegCM2.using the Kuo scheme and the MFS.it is found that the MFS is better in simulating the surface temperature,rainfall position and amount,and rainfall duration.     

GPS RTK测量技术的应用与体会

GPS RTK测量技术以快捷、精准的特点广泛地被测量人员所接受，但是在到量中仍存在一些问题需要研究。本文介绍了几种经常遇到的棘手问题及其解决方法。     

对称不稳定大气中的孤立行波精确解

通过对二维准动量无辐散、无摩擦、密度非均匀分布的层结大气中基本气流切变对非线性方程组行波解的影响问题的研究，证明：（ａ）在对称稳定（ｑ＝Ｎ２Ｆ２－Ｓ４＞０）的大气中：非线性行波解为周期解，且其周期与相应的线性周期解的周期相等；（ｂ）在对称非稳定（ｑ＝Ｎ２Ｆ２－Ｓ４≤０）的大气中：存在两类非线性行波解，其性质是由参数Ｂ决定的。Ｂ＝（Ｎ２ｓｉｎ２φ－２Ｓ２ｓｉｎφｃｏｓφ＋Ｆ２ｃｏｓ２φ）／σ２。（１）当Ｂ＞０时为周期解，且其周期与相应的线性周期解的周期相等；（２）当Ｂ≤０时为孤立波解。     

基于水热耦合的青藏高原分布式水文模型 ——Ⅱ.考虑冰川和冻土的尼洋河流域水循环过程模拟

尼洋河流域是雅鲁藏布江第四大支流,受冰川、积雪和冻土影响,水循环关系极其复杂。为深入研究该区域内的水文循环过程,本文在寒区水循环模型（WEP-COR）的基础上,针对青藏高原气候和地质特点,构建了耦合“积雪-土壤-砂砾石层”连续体和“积雪-冰川”水热过程模拟的青藏高原分布式水循环模型（WEP-QTP）。在尼洋河流域通过对2013—2016年的流量过程模拟发现,工布江达和泥曲站的逐月流量Nash-Sutcliffe效率系数分别达到0.810和0.752,比改进前的0.430和0.095有明显提升;以2015年为例,对比WEP-COR和WEP-QTP模型发现,WEP-QTP模型在汛期特别是主汛前（冻土融化期）模拟的流量过程不会出现较大的波动,模拟得到的逐日流量Nash-Sutcliffe效率系数相比WEP-COR从-0.67提高到0.54。模型增强了地下水含水层的调节作用,使得流量过程更加平稳且接近实测,研究结果表明,WEP-QTP模型适用于青藏高原的水文模拟。     

东昆仑祁漫塔格山地区夏日哈木镍矿床矿物学特征

青海夏日哈木是近年来新发现的超大型镍矿床,大地构造位置处于东昆仑造山带之东昆中花岗—变质杂岩带的隆起区,成矿与镁铁质—超镁铁质小侵入体有关,属岩浆深部熔离贯入型。矿体呈透镜状、似层状,主要产于辉石岩、橄辉岩和苏长岩中;矿石为块状、准块状、海绵陨铁状、浸染状、细脉状和斑杂状构造,粒状结构、交代结构和固溶体分离结构等。矿石金属矿物主要为磁黄铁矿、镍黄铁矿和黄铜矿,含少量和微量紫硫镍矿、马基诺矿、铬铁矿、磁铁矿、黄铁矿、闪锌矿、辉铋矿、钛铁矿和自然铋等;脉石矿物主要有斜方辉石、橄榄石、普通辉石、基性斜长石、镁铁闪石、直闪石、滑石、蛇纹石等。文中对夏日哈木和金川我国两个超大型镍矿的主要地质特征作了对比;与世界上主要同类型硫化物铜镍矿床相比较,夏日哈木镍矿具有不少独特的特征,如其成岩成矿时代相对较年轻,矿石中铜的品位较低、亏损铂族元素等。     

黔桂泥盆纪层序地层及海平面变化的频幅、速度和相位

通过对广西六景、贵州独山和乌当泥盆系剖面层序、体系域、副层序及作用相和环境相的系统研究,识别出2种层序界面;3种海进过程和10种层序、体系域和相对海面变化.并发现,阶跃型高幅海平面变化形成的层序界面、层序、体系域、副层序和旋回层往往可在大区域追踪对比;剖面作用相、环境相分析是露头层序地层和相对海平面变化研究的基础,剖面上层序、体系域及其反映的相对海平面变化的频率、幅度、速度和相位研究对层序界面、层序、体系域、副层序和旋回层的空间延拓、等时追踪对比和驱动机制的成因解释有重要的指导、预测作用.