冲绳海槽西北侧表层沉积物中微型腹足类的分布及其研究意义

冲绳海槽西北侧大陆架向大陆坡转折处表层沉积物中微型腹足类动物群具有混合的生态特征,这与现代海洋沉积环境并不一致。腹足类动物群中除少数种类为陆坡深海分子,多数种类属内陆架区或近岸浅水分子。因此,动物群主要反映了晚更新世末次冰期低海平面的海洋环境,而少数深海种类的混入应与黑潮暖流在冲绳北端所形成的上升流有关。根据本区腹足类在其他海区的时空分布规律,本文认为在更新世末次冰期,黑潮暖流仍对本区有重要影响，并控制着腹足类的分布。本区腹足类这种混合的生态特征是晚更新世末次冰期以来各种海洋动力环境叠加影响的结果。     

一种腐屑食性鱼类对生态系统氮循环的影响

研究表明 :腐屑食性鱼类——梭鱼对环境中有机氮的摄入能力随体重的增加而增加 ,随温度的升高 ,体重系数显著减少。摄入氮 (CN,mg/ d)与体重 (W,g)和温度 (T,℃ )的数值关系可用如下模型表示 :CN=0 .6 370 W1 .0 642 ln(3.70 0 8T)。体重为 1 0 0 g的梭鱼每日可消耗环境中 332 mg氮有机质。梭鱼氮的吸收效率主要受温度的影响 ,而氮的转化效率与体重呈显著的正相关关系。随体重的增加 ,排泄氮所占比例降低     

频率域电磁法中视电阻率全区定义

视电阻率定义在电法勘探中得到广泛的应用。目前在频率域电磁法中常常采用远区视电阻率定义。由于在频率域中收发距并非足够大,以致在低频段远区定义视电阻率往往不能反映地下电阻率值。我们定义全区电阻率及引入校正系数K,经二层三层模型及野外实测资料的计算,证明了方法的有效性。     

GNSS three carrier ambiguity resolution using ionosphere-reduced virtual signals

This paper presents a general modeling strategy for ambiguity resolution (AR) and position estimation (PE) using three or more phase-based ranging signals from a global navigation satellite system (GNSS). The proposed strategy will identify three best “virtual” signals to allow for more reliable AR under certain observational conditions characterized by ionospheric and tropospheric delay variability, level of phase noise and orbit accuracy. The selected virtual signals suffer from minimal or relatively low ionospheric effects, and thus are known as ionosphere-reduced virtual signals. As a result, the ionospheric parameters in the geometry-based observational models can be eliminated for long baselines, typically those of length tens to hundreds of kilometres. The proposed modeling comprises three major steps. Step 1 is the geometry-free determination of the extra-widelane (EWL) formed between the two closest L-band carrier measurements, directly from the two corresponding code measurements. Step 2 forms the second EWL signal and resolves the integer ambiguity with a geometry-based estimator alone or together with the first EWL. This is followed by a procedure to correct for the first-order ionospheric delay using the two ambiguity-fixed widelane (WL) signals derived from the integer-fixed EWL signals. Step 3 finds an independent narrow-lane (NL) signal, which is used together with a refined WL to resolve NL ambiguity with geometry-based integer estimation and search algorithms. As a result, the above two AR processes performed with WL/NL and EWL/WL signals respectively, either in sequence or in parallel, can support real time kinematic (RTK) positioning over baselines of tens to hundreds of kilometres, thus enabling centimetre-to-decimentre positioning at the local, regional and even global scales in the future.     

浅谈如何在生产过程中控制1：10000地形数据（DLG）的质量

主要叙述1:10 000矢量地形数据(DLG)在采集、编辑过程中如何控制质量,针对如何提高产品质量问题进行了简要探讨.     

高精度GPS形变监测网数据处理的理论与方法

分析了高精度GPS形变监测网数据处理中系统误差的影响,给出了顾及系统误差影响的自由网平差模型;针对粗差在GPS观测数据中存在的广泛性,在对平差模型进行整体性检验的基础上,采用检验方法消除粗差对平差结果的影响;结合抗差估计,对中国地壳运动观测网络工程1999～2003年观测数据进行了处理,验证了模型的精度和可靠性.     

饱和软土压缩曲线的“反常”现象

饱和软土压缩试验时,经常出现压缩曲线“反常”、压缩系数“倒大”的现象。它是土的原始结构发生破坏前后的不同压缩性的客观反映。饱和软土的结构力很微弱,唯质量好的原状土才能见到这种“反常”。应从成孔、取样、测试及资料整理等多个环节保证其工程意义。     

An electrochemical study of pyrite oxidation in the presence of carbon coatings in cyanide medium

The anodic and cathodic behaviour of pyrite with clay and different carbon coatings of activated carbon, graphite and carbonaceous matter in cyanide medium was investigated using the potentiodynamic method. The presence of clay coating did not change the polarisation curve appearance for either the anodic oxidation of pyrite or the cathodic reduction of oxygen or the potential of the current plateau, but only decreased the plateau current especially at a higher coating thickness. The presence of the carbon coatings marginally shifted the rest potential for pyrite to a more anodic position and slightly changed the polarisation curve appearance for pyrite oxidation. The current density for pyrite oxidation largely increased in the presence of the carbon coatings, the potential at the plateau shifted to more cathodic positions, and the plateau width became smaller. These effects became more noticeable at a higher coating thickness. The activated carbon, graphite and carbonaceous matter coatings performed similarly in affecting pyrite oxidation at a similar thickness. The carbon coatings significantly increased the limiting current densities for oxygen reduction on pyrite, and the limiting current plateau became steeper at a higher coating thickness. The carbon coatings increased the limiting current density for oxygen reduction to a similar extent at a low coating thickness, but increased to varied extents at a higher coating thickness. The carbon coatings also greatly increased the cathodic current density for gold reduction on pyrite. The enhancement of pyrite oxidation and oxygen or gold reduction on pyrite by the carbon coatings was likely attributed to the electrochemical interaction between pyrite and the carbon materials with electron-rich surfaces and high conductivity. The presence of the carbon coatings significantly increased the oxidation of pyrite in aerated cyanide solutions and the preg-robbing of pyrite especially at a higher coating thickness.     

单一滑面边坡的非稳定蠕变模型分析

对单一滑面边坡的非稳定蠕变分析是边坡稳定性研究的基础。文中对岩质边坡单一滑面的流变变形机制进行了分析，提出了一种能较好反映这一变形机制的非稳定蠕变模型。特别是描述单一滑面边坡的非稳定蠕变破坏阶段，并对其稳定性进行了讨论。结合一些工程实例进行了对比验证，为滑坡灾害的预测和防治提供依据。     

MODIS数据在乌鲁木齐地区植被景观动态监测中的应用

根据EOS／MODIS卫星时次高覆盖面广的特征，选取从4．10月的MODIS晴空资料，对整个乌鲁木齐地区植被景观进行动态监测，利用植被指数最大合成法制作了每月植被指数专题图。为了能够结合物候更好地分析乌鲁木齐地区植被随季节变化趋势以及不同时期植被生长状况，我们还制作了植被景观专题图及其变化评价图。评价图的优势在于能直观地反映植被变化的趋势，并能将变化的程度数字化，还可以根据不同的评价图叠加DEM做相应的分析。为乌鲁木齐地区植被变化研究提供有效的依据。