国家级数值预报产品分发系统

随着９２１０工程系统建设的完成，Ｔ１０６中期数值预报产品分发采用了地面通信系统和卫星通信系统两种传输路径。地面通信系统由于受传输能力限制，国家气象中心根据区域、省，地市级的不同接收能力，采取了３种不同的传输方式以满足各级气象台站的需求；     

“老脚印”对自升式钻井平台插桩滑移的影响研究

渤海海域自升式钻井平台作业频率高,在同一区块多次插桩作业情况多,为自升式平台插桩作业带来严重的滑移风险。通过建立常用的两种类型桩靴的有限元分析模型,采用模拟计算和对比分析的研究方法,对在“老脚印”不同距离位置插桩时,桩基土体的塑性破坏特性、运移规律及桩靴所受侧向滑移力进行了模拟研究,得出了在不同土质条件下,桩基土和桩靴的受力特性及规律,分析了不同位置的“老脚印“对自升式平台插桩滑移风险的影响。     

沁水煤田15号煤中氟的赋存状态及其沉积环境分析

氟是煤中有害元素之一,燃煤型氟排放造成的污染已经对人类的健康安全构成威胁。研究煤中氟赋存状态及其沉积环境,对掌握高氟煤分布规律及控制燃煤造成的氟排放具有重要意义。通过对沁水煤田内6座煤矿15号煤样品的分析发现:煤中氟含量与灰分显著相关,与黄铁矿硫、有机硫无相关关系,表明煤中氟主要以无机物形式赋存,且与含硫矿物无关;与钾、镁、硅、铝等元素含量具有显著的相关关系,表明氟有可能的主要赋存形式为金云母、氟金云母等矿物,以及以吸附存在于高岭石、勃姆石、伊蒙混层等黏土矿物中;与钙、磷元素含量无显著相关性,表明氟不以氟磷灰石、含氟羟基磷灰石等矿物大量赋存。此外,通过对沁水煤田15号煤的沉积环境分析发现,弱还原环境、较低盐度、偏酸性、较强的水动力条件有利于该区域煤中氟的富集。     

Response of Microbial Communities in Soil to Multi-level Warming in a Highland Barley System of the Lhasa River

No studies have examined the effect of experimental warming on the microbial biomass and community composition of soil in agricultural ecosystem on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Thus it is unclear whether the influences of experimental warming on microbial communities in soil are related to warming magnitude in croplands on this Plateau. This study performed warming experiment (control, low- and high-level) in a highland barley system of the Lhasa River in May 2014 to examine the correlation between the response of microbial communities in soil to warming and warming magnitude. Topsoil samples (0-10 and 10-20 cm) were collected on September 14, 2014. Experimental warming at both low and high levels significantly increased soil temperature by 1.02 ℃ and 1.59 ℃, respectively at the depth of 15 cm. Phospho lipid fatty acid (PLFA) method was used to determine the microbial community in soil. The low-level experimental warming did not significantly affect the soil’s total PLFA, fungi, bacteria, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), actinomycetes, gram-positive bacteria (G⁺), gram-negative bacteria (G^-), protozoa, the ratio of fungi to bacteria (F/B ratio), and ratio of G⁺ to G^- (G⁺/G^- ratio) at the 0-10 and 10-20 cm depth. The low-level experimental warming also did not significantly alter the composition of microbial community in soil at the 0-10 and 10-20 cm depth. The high-level experimental warming significantly increased total PLFA by 74.4%, fungi by 78.0%, bacteria by 74.0%, AMF by 66.9%, actinomycetes by 81.4%, G⁺ by 67.0% and G^- by 74.4% at the 0-10 cm depth rather than at 10-20 cm depth. The high-level experimental warming significantly altered microbial community composition in soil at the 0-10 cm depth rather than at 10-20 cm depth. Our findings suggest that the response of microbial communities in soil to warming varied with warming magnitudes in the highland barley system of the Lhasa River.     

陕南勉略宁地区黑木林-硖口驿新元古代镁铁质岩锆石U-Pb年代学、地球化学特征及其构造意义

对于扬子板块西北缘新元古代早—中期(835～720 Ma)岩浆岩形成的构造背景尚存在较大争议。本文对陕南勉略宁地区碧口微地块内黑木林-硖口驿SSZ型(俯冲带上盘型)蛇绿混杂岩中的辉长岩、辉长闪长岩和变安山质玄武岩分别进行了锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学、岩石学及岩石地球化学研究。研究结果表明,木瓜园辉长岩和变安山质玄武岩属岛弧拉斑玄武岩系列,稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分曲线均呈右倾型,具有微弱的Eu负异常,微量元素原始地幔标准化图解显示其富集大离子亲石元素(LILE)和轻稀土元素(LREE)而亏损高场强元素(HFSE,如Nb、Ta等),与岛弧岩浆岩相似。黑木林、硖口驿辉长闪长岩属钙碱性系列。黑木林辉长闪长岩具与Bonin弧前玻安质岩石类似的地球化学特征,具较高的SiO₂含量(54.27%～56.79%)、MgO含量(11.10%～17.04%)和较低的TiO₂含量(0.08%～0.19%),富集大离子亲石元素Rb、Th、U和Pb,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ti,以及弱的Zr、Hf正异常等特征。硖口驿辉长闪长岩MgO含量较低(4.24%～8.9...     

PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF INTEGRATED GPS/GLONASS CARRIER PHASE-BASED POSITIONING

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Improving the computational efficiency of the ambiguity function algorithm

Techniques are described in this paper for improving the Ambiguity Function Method (AFM) for differential GPS positioning using phase observations, (a) that take advantage of optimal dual-frequency observable combinations to improve thereliability of the AFM, and (b) that significantly shorten the computation time necessary for the AFM. The procedure can be used for kinematic positioning applications if a Kalman filter predicted position is accurate enough as an initial position for the suggested AFM searching procedure, or pseudokinematic mode using say a triple-difference solution as an initial position for static positioning if the baseline length is short (typically <5km).     

南羌塘坳陷上三叠统—下侏罗统碳酸盐岩元素地球化学特征及指示意义

南羌塘坳陷三叠系与侏罗系地层之间存在广泛的沉积间断,针对这一时期地层的研究对于南羌塘盆地在该时期的沉积环境以及构造演化具有重要意义。笔者等以南羌塘坳陷内上三叠统—下侏罗统索布查组碳酸盐岩的地球化学元素为对象进行相关分析。剔除陆源组分影响之后利用微量元素对碳酸盐岩进行沉积环境分析显示索布查组碳酸盐岩沉积时处于氧化环境,且地层由下往上水体逐渐变深,盐度逐渐增加,且研究区在当时处于炎热干燥的气候环境下。碳酸盐岩中的REE含量主要受陆源组分的影响,Ce与Eu主要反映的是陆源碎屑的特征。Ce的负异常反映陆源碎屑源岩沉积时为氧化环境,Eu的正异常主要来自含长石碎屑岩的风化淋滤导致。根据样品中与陆源碎屑相关的稳定元素特征结合区域地质调查推断陆源碎屑源岩为研究区北部中央隆起带附近的上三叠统土门格拉组地层。土门格拉组地层由于南、北羌塘地块汇聚隆升而成为索布查组碳酸盐岩中陆源碎屑的来源,之后南羌塘坳陷开始拉伸,索布查组碳酸盐岩开始沉积,其形成表示南羌塘坳陷开始进入被动大陆边缘沉积的演化阶段。     

陕西省地理国(省)情监测中的基本地貌类型及划分指标

基本地貌类型划分是陕西省地理国(省)情监测试点需要解决的重点问题之一。以数字高程模型为基础数据,根据地貌划分基本原理,将陕西省划分为6个典型地貌区。探讨省域地貌区域划分的方法和指标,确定符合陕西省地方特点的地貌类型系统,并介绍根据省域地貌特点选取划分指标的方法。以此为依据完成陕西省基本地貌区域的定量划分,并从划分成果的位置关系、统计数据和形态成因等方面讨论划分方法和成果的合理性。