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Hayes RA Regondi S Winter MJ Butler PJ Agradi E Taylor EW Kevin Chipman J 《Marine environmental research》2004,58(2-5):665-669
Metallothionein has been assayed in a range of aquatic animal tissues as an indicator of metal exposure. We sequenced chub (Leuciscus cephalus) metallothionein cDNA which showed over 90% homology to common carp, goldfish and stone loach and 77% homology to rainbow trout sequences for metallothionein. We then used the extended primer method to develop an accurate quantitative competitive RT-PCR assay for metallothionein mRNA. RT-PCR was used to measure metallothionein mRNA in feral chub from a range of field sites, with different levels of heavy metal pollution, in the West Midlands, UK. Measurements were complemented by analysis of liver and gill metallothionein protein by capillary electrophoresis. There was no significant difference in the metallothionein protein levels between fish of different rivers and there was no evidence of elevation of mRNA at the sites of highest metal exposure. The level of metal exposure (e.g. zinc, nickel and cadmium each ranging between 15 and 28 microg/l ) at the pH (7.5-8.5) of these rivers appears insufficient to elevate hepatic or gill metallothionein in chub. A lack of elevation of hepatic metallothionein mRNA in chub exposed to zinc, copper and manganese for 24 h and 10 days in the laboratory also suggests a non-responsiveness of this species. 相似文献
3.
Dowty RA Shaffer GP Hester MW Childers GW Campo FM Greene MC 《Marine environmental research》2001,52(3):195-211
Research was conducted to assess the impact of oiling on fresh-marsh plant communities and to test the efficacy of techniques that may be used to enhance the bioremediation of crude oil spills in these environments while minimizing secondary anthropogenic impacts. To emulate field conditions, a mesocosm facility was used that houses 120 mesocosm vessels, each of 200-1 capacity. A five-way factorial treatment arrangement was used that included two substrates (inorganic, organic), two nutrient regimes (fertilized, not fertilized), two aeration levels (substrate aeration, no aeration), three oiling concentrations (0-, 5-, 10-1 m(-2) of South Louisiana Sweet Crude oil), and four vascular plant species (Alternanthera philoxeroides, Panicum hemitomon, Phragmites australis, Sagittaria lancifolia, and an unplanted control). Under the 5- and 10-1 m(-2) oiling concentrations, S. lancifolia displayed a short-term response of increased productivity, whereas P. hemitomon had the highest biomass production and photosynthetic rates at the end of the 18-month experiment. Overall plant growth and productivity, as well as oil degradation, were significantly higher in the inorganic substrate, indicating that biodegradation of oil spills in organic substrates may require a longer time period. Time-released fertilizer also stimulated plant productivity and resulted in higher soil respiratory quotients, suggestive of greater microbial activity, particularly in aerated mesocosms. The amount of oil remaining after 18 months was lowest in aerated and fertilized mesocosms containing either P. hemitomon or S. lancifolia and a substrate of low organic matter content. 相似文献
4.
贵州省境内沉积岩层分布广泛,地层发育较全,化石丰富,煤、磷、铝等沉积矿产种类多、储量大,是我国沉积地层和沉积矿产研究的典型区域之一.煤矿主要分布在六盘水、毕节、遵义等地区,遵义地区煤系地层发育,煤炭资源量大,煤质较好,煤炭企业和产业化建设配套,煤矸石的产出量也相当大. 相似文献
5.
Wharton RA Meyer MA McKay CP Mancinelli RL Simmons GM 《Limnology and oceanography》1994,39(4):839-853
Perennially ice-covered lakes are found in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of southern Victoria Land, Antarctica. In contrast to temperate lakes that have diurnal photic periods, antarctic (and arctic) lakes have a yearly photic period. An unusual feature of the antarctic lakes is the occurrence of O2 at supersaturated levels in certain portions of the water column. Here we report the first sediment O2 profiles obtained using a microelectrode from a perennially ice-covered antarctic lake. Sediment cores collected in January and October 1987 from Lake Hoare in Taylor Valley show oxygenation down to 15, and in some cases, 25 cm. The oxygenation of sediments several centimeters below the sediment-water interface is atypical for lake sediments and may be characteristic of perennially ice-covered lakes. There is a significant difference between the observed January and October sediment O2 profiles. Several explanations may account for the difference, including seasonality. A time-dependent model is presented which tests the feasibility of a seasonal cycle resulting from the long photoperiod and benthic primary production in sediments overlain by a highly oxygenated water column. 相似文献
6.
"This paper establishes and discusses briefly regional patterns and trends in crude birth, death, and natural increase rates in Russia and the USSR from the turn of the century to 1989. The study is based on a comparable regional framework and placed in the context of the demographic transition theory. It discusses sources, collection, and quality of data, as well as necessary estimating procedures. An attempt also is made to examine briefly regional age-standardized rates." 相似文献
7.
铅锌矿床Rb-Sr定年研究综 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
本文在总结Rb-Sr等时线定年的基本前提和矿床Rb-Sr等时线定年存在的问题的基础上,综述了铅锌矿床流体包裹体和闪锌矿Rb-Sr等时线定年的研究进展,同时对该定年方法存在的问题进行了简要评述。综合分析表明,Rb-Sr等时线定年(尤其是闪锌矿Rb-Sr等时线定年)为铅锌矿床较理想的直接定年方法,但该定年方法还存在许多理论和技术问题,有待深入研究;铅锌矿床Rb-Sr等时线定年应以深入细致的地质、地球化学研究为基础,定年过程中必须严慎对待样品采集、样品挑选、流体包裹体溶液提取和质谱分析等各个环节。 相似文献
8.
在过去的十年中,显而易见,大气是许多自然物质和污染物从大陆输送到海洋的重要途径。这些物质的大气输入对海洋生物过程和海洋化学循环有正或负的影响。例如:很明显,大气是许多区域的重要营养成分如铁,氮等的重要输送途径。在本报告中,我们评价了这些地区的期的数据,发展向海洋的微量元素,矿物气溶胶,含氮物质合成有机物的大气通量的全球范围的估算值;比较了这些物质通过大气和河流输入的海洋比率。 相似文献
9.
云南老王寨金矿煌斑岩地球化学研究中的某些问题──与宋新宇等同志商榷 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文对“云南老王寨金矿煌斑岩地球化学研究”一文中的部分结论及其解释,提出一些不同意见与原文作者宋新宇等先生商榷 相似文献
10.
is paper is concerned with the geochemical features of major elements,transition metal elements,large ion lithophile elements,rare-earth elements and Sr isotopes in alkaline-ul-trabasic rocks in the Jijie complex of Lufeng,Yunnan Province,which is located in southern Sichuan-Yunnan rift zone,one of Luoci alkaline-ultrabasic complexes in central Ynnnan,Moreover,its origin pertaining primary magma,magma soure region,fractional crystallization,etc.are also discussed in the present paper. 相似文献