南水北调中线初期引汉工程经济效益初探

南水北调是补充华北地区新水源的有效途径之一。“中线”初期引汉工程是从长江支流汉江调水,渠线跨越汉江、淮河、黄河、海河四大水系,直达北京市。引汉水源是丹江口水库。该库集流面积95200平方公里,多年平均年径流量380亿立米,已建成初期规模。坝顶高程162米,正常蓄水位157米,总库容174.5亿立米。     

青岛文昌鱼的生活史──年龄、生长和死亡研究

于１９８９年８月－１９９０年７月对青岛文昌鱼的生活史进行研究。结果表明：（１）青岛文昌鱼种群由４个齿组组成，它至少生产４ａ以上，甚至可达６ａ左右。（２）在Ⅰ、Ⅱ齿时生长较快，平均年生长１３－１５ｍｍ，Ⅲ龄后生长速度减慢，即使同一年龄组的文晶鱼，在不同季节其生长速度也不同。（３）在冬春采集的文昌鱼中Ⅲ龄组的峰值较小。（４）繁殖季节过后，老龄文昌鱼因衰老而死亡。     

Dynamic processes of a simple linear dune—a study in the Taklimakan Sand Sea, China

Samples of dune sands, surveys of the morphology and field measurements of wind velocity and direction of a simple linear dune in Taklimakan Sand Sea show that the airflow and sand flux vary with the change of wind direction on the dune surface. Decrease of the airflow stress on the lee flank does not result in much decrease of the sand flux because of the low threshold shear velocities and the airflow conditions. There are no significant relations between the sand flux on the lee flank and the angle of incidence of the airflow. The low threshold shear velocities and the maintenance of the sand flux at the lee flank are the main mechanisms keeping the linear shape of the dunes. Measurements of the sand flux shows that it reaches a maximum on the crest of the dune. The grain size of the transported sands has some differences compared to that of the dune surface. The sands transported are finer than that on the dune surface, but better sorted under the influence of the medium to low wind activity. The field experiment results exhibit that it is possible for the dunes to be shaped as linear dunes during the processes of accumulation and elongation.     

Meteoric diagenesis in Pleistocene reef limestones of Xisha Islands, China

This paper focuses on a borehole, Xichen-1 well, drilled on the Chenhang Island, Xisha Islands in the South China Sea. Mineralogical, petrographic, stable isotopic and minor-element data from the Holocene to Pleistocene interval (0–179 m ) in the Xichen-1 well are discussed in detail. The 400-m-long core is divisible into four mineralogical facies: a high-Mg calcitic aragonite facies (0–16.91 m, Holocene), an aragonitic low- Mg calcite facies (16.91–30.60 m, Late Pleistocene), a low- Mg calcitic facies (30.60–179 m, Middle-Early Pleistocene) and a low- Mg calcitic and dolomitic facies (179–400 m, Early Pleistocene–Late Miocene). The Holocene section has much higher whole-rock δ¹⁸O and δ¹³C values and Mg and Sr content than the non-dolomitized Pleistocene limestones (16.91–179 m). The 16.91–165 m interval is characterized by a relatively invariant oxygen isotopic composition and very heterogeneous carbon isotopic composition. Between 165 and 179 m, there is a positively correlated increase of whole-rock δ¹⁸O and δ¹⁸C with depth, and Mg content also shows a gradual increase with depth. Petrographic data demonstrate that the Pleistocene reef sequence has been extensively affected by meteoric waters. We conclude that the Late Pleistocene section (16.91–30.60 m) and the Middle-Early Pleistocene section (30.60–165 m) have suffered incomplete and complete meteoric diagenesis, respectively, and that the Early Pleistocene interval (165–179 m) was diagenetically altered in a meteoric–marine mixing environment.     

区域采样法测定水中硫酸根离子的研究

在分散度不同的区域内进行区域采样用于水中硫酸根离子的测定，结果令人满意。应用此方法测定硫酸根离子的线性范围为２００．０～３０００ｍｇ／Ｌ；进样频率为１２０次／ｈ；相对标准偏差为１．７０％     

Timing analysis of the black hole candidate EXO 1846-031 with insight-HXMT monitoring

We present the observational results from a detailed timing analysis of the black hole candidate EXO 1846-031 during its outburst in 2019 with the observations ...     

柴达木盆地西北部长垄状雅丹沉积物地球化学元素组成及指示意义

雅丹沉积物蕴含丰富的区域环境变化和物源演变信息.以柴达木盆地西北部的长垄状雅丹为研究对象,通过对地球化学元素的研究,探讨沉积物的化学风化特征及其对物质输移的指示意义.结果表明:(1)雅丹沉积物的常量元素以SiO2、CaO、Al2O3、MgO和Na2O为主,微量元素Cl、Sr、Ba和Zr含量较高.相较于上陆壳平均化学元素...     

陕西汉中梁山二叠系乐平统底部吴家坪组王坡页岩新认识

陕西汉中梁山瓜德鲁普统—乐平统界线(GLB)附近的吴家坪组底部王坡页岩段长期以来被认为是古风化壳沉积,代表了茅口期后暴露于地表风化剥蚀的产物。最近对该地层进行了重新研究,采集了系列岩石和化石样品,进行了X射线衍射、古生物学、岩相学和岩石学分析。X射线衍射分析表明该粘土层主要矿物成分为蒙脱石71%,片沸石23%,石英6%,暗示其物质来源于火山玻璃。岩相学分析显示岩石主要由蚀变矿物组成,具有蚀变残留玻屑凝灰质结构,其中蒙脱石、片沸石保留了原岩中的玻屑的塑性形态。粘土层中大量腕足动物化石暗示其为海相环境。研究结果表明王坡页岩是典型的斑脱岩,并非风化壳和长期剥蚀的产物,而是峨眉山大火成岩省火山喷发时火山灰在海相环境下沉积、蚀变的产物。火山灰在正常浅海沉积时对海洋生态系统造成严重破坏,导致了包括腕足动物在内的海洋生物的生存危机。     

西秦岭杨河-固城一带原“泥盆系“中发现早石炭世化石

西秦岭武山杨河礼县固城一带的原"泥盆纪"地层中,发现了大量属于早石炭世的牙形刺、珊瑚和有孔虫化石,为该区地层的重新划分提供了直接的证据.这对于重新认识该区乃至整个西秦岭地区石炭纪古地理格局、地质演化历史、沉积相和沉积环境等都有重要的意义.     

金川铜镍硫化物样品中锇同位素比值的高精度分析

采用两种独立的190Os稀释剂、4个不同的化学流程,用等离子体质谱仪、TRITON热表面电离质谱仪和MAT-262固体质谱仪3种质谱仪器,在4个实验室分别对采自金川铜镍硫化物样品的187Os/188Os同位素比值进行分析,样品分析数量达到56个。4个实验室获得的结果分别为0.3356±0.0018(n=12,2s)、0.3363±0.0008(n=6,2s)、0.3363±0.0010(n=18,2s)和0.3353±0.0034(n=20,2s)。采用ISOPLOT软件对所得56个数据进行加权平均计算,得到187Os/188Os同位素比值为0.33602±0.00022(置信度95%)。两台TRITON热表面电离质谱仪测量的结果几乎完全一致,且精度高于MAT-262固体质谱仪和等离子体质谱仪。比较了碱熔和Carius管两种溶样方法,结果表明,对于所研究的样品,用Carius管溶矿方式可以将含锇矿物完全溶解。