黑龙江省水稻主栽品种热量指标鉴定及应用

本文主要从热量指标角度，通过黑龙江省水稻主栽品种的各生育期所需的活动积温、生育日数的实际观测，计算各生育期的有效积温、生育期下限温度。从热量资源的空间分布、可能生育期日数与各主栽品种全生育期活动积温、生育期日数的实测值作对比分析，讨论水稻各主栽品种的熟型和适宜分布区域。     

Late Paleozoic Fluid Systems and Their Ore-forming Effects in the Yuebei Basin, Northern Guangdong, China

Based on detailed and systematic researches of the geology of ore deposits, fluid inclusions and isotope geochemistry etc., and regarding the Late Paleozoic fluid system of the Yuebei Basin as an integrated object in this paper, we have revealed the temporo-spatial evolution law of the basin＇s fluid system and discussed its ore-forming effects by simulating and analyzing the distribution of ore-forming elements, the fluid thermodynamics and dynamics of evolution processes of this basin. The results show that Late Paleozoic ore-forming fluid systems of the Yuebei Basin include four basic types as follows. （1） The sea floor volcanic-exhalation system developed during the rapid basin slip-extension stage in the Mid-Late Devonian, which affected the Dabaoshan region. It thus formed the Dabaoshan-type Cu-Pb-Zn-Fe sea floor volcanic-exhalation sedimentary deposits. （2） The compaction fluid system developed during the stable spreading and thermal subsidence-compression stage of the basin in the Mid-Late Devonian. The range of its effects extended all over the whole basin. It resulted in filling-metasomatic deposits, such as the Hongyan-type pyrite deposits and pyrite sheet within the Fankou-type Cu-Pb-Zn-S deposits. （3） The hot water circulation system of sea floor developed during the stage of basin uplifting and micro-aulacogen from the late Late Carboniferous to Middle Carboniferous. The range of its effects covered the Fankou region. It thus formed MVT deposits, such as the main orebody of the Fankou-type Pb-Zn-S deposits. （4） The gravity fluid system developed during the stage of fold uplifting and the basin closed from Middle Triassic to Jurassic, forming groundwater hydrothermal deposits, e.g. the veinlet Pb-Zn-calcite orebodies of the Fankou-type Pb-Zn- S deposits. Migration and concentration of the ore-forming fluids were constrained by the state of temporo-spatial distribution of its fluid potential. Growth faults not only converged the fluids and drove them to move upwards, but also the fluids often crossed the faults to the edges of the basin at the bottom of these faults and the lithologic interfaces, and even migrated to the basin＇s edges from top to bottom along the faults, which may be one of the basic reasons for the stratabound deposits to cluster mainly along the contemporaneous faults on the inner border of the basin. The superposed mineralization resulting from the multi-stage activity of contemporaneous faults and ore-forming fluid systems in the basin may be one of the key factors for forming superlarge ore deposits.     

利用风云3D微波成像仪数据估算北极海冰密集度的精度评价

卷积神经网络（convolutional neural network, CNN）已用于星载全球导航卫星系统反射测量（global navigation satellite system-reflectometry,GNSS-R）海冰检测,其具有数据预处理简单、最大限度保留反射面信息等优势,但已有GNSS-R CNN海冰检测方法研究的数据集时间跨度较小,代表性有限,且未考虑训练集内海水、海冰时延多普勒图（delay-Doppler map, DDM）的比例对方法泛化能力的影响。针对该问题,首先提出一种筛除畸形DDM方法,有效筛除错误数据;然后,设计合适的CNN结构及参数,通过小样本对比实验发现CNN模型在训练集内海水、海冰DDM的比例为1∶1时具有高准确率和最佳泛化能力,并优化数据集选取策略;最后使用2018年全年大样本数据集评估改进的方法在大数据量和大时间跨度时的有效性和可靠性。研究表明,改进的方法通过加强数据质量控制、优化数据集选取策略,提升了CNN海冰检测方法的泛化能力及可靠性,使其更适用于实际应用场景,为海冰消融等研究提供参考。

     

2009年早春南方地区一次高架雷暴天气过程的机理分析

利用常规观测资料、风廓线雷达和变分多普勒天气雷达分析系统(VDRAS)反演资料,从大气环流形势、垂直结构特征和对流发生发展机制等方面,对2017年7月21日地面冷锋后华北地区发生的一次局地大暴雨过程成因进行探讨。结果表明：(1)局地大暴雨发生在副热带高压北抬、低层回流冷空气侵入的背景下,暴雨区位于地面冷锋后约300 km的冷空气一侧,850 hPa低空切变线是主要的影响系统。(2)在低层回流冷空气作用下850 hPa以下表现为环境温度直减率小于湿绝热递减率(γ < γ_s)的稳定层结;同时受副热带高压北抬影响,700-500 hPa层结不稳定性加强,不稳定层结位于边界层稳定层结之上,具有冷区“高架对流”特征。(3)低层冷垫对应下沉运动,暖湿气流上升运动位于冷垫之上,1.4 km高度附近的中尺度辐合线对高架对流的触发起到了重要作用。(4)带状中尺度对流系统东移缓慢,并呈现明显的后向传播和列车效应特征,是导致降水持续时间长并造成局地大暴雨的主要原因。

     

青海省尕河地区水系沉积物测量异常特征及优选找矿靶区

通过对尕河地区1∶2.5万水系沉积物资料处理,圈定了Cu、Pb、Zn、Ag、Au、As、Sb、Cr、Ni、Co等异常,揭示了区内异常的分布特征,评价异常的找矿意义,划分了元素组合,结合地质成矿背景,依据化探综合异常及中低温热液型元素组合特征,确定Pb、Ni、Ti的4个找矿远景区,其中优选出3号铅找矿靶区,4号钛、镍重点找矿靶区。     

Multiscale characteristics of the wetting deformation of Malan loess in the Yan'an area,China

Loess is prone to collapse upon wetting due to its open metastable structure, which poses a considerable threat to the environment, construction processes and human life. In this study, double oedometer tests and scanning electron microscopy and mercury intrusion porosimetry analyses were conducted on loess from Yan'an to study the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of loess wetting deformation and the underlying mechanism. The wetting collapse of loess under loading depends on the changes in different microstructure levels and elements. This collapse chain reaction is manifested by the dissipation, scattering and recombination of the cementation, deformation and reorganization of the particles, blocking of the pore channels, decrease in the dominant size and volume of unstable macropores(14 μm) and abundant mesopores(2.5-14 μm), increase in the volume of small pores(0.05–2.5 μm), and volume contraction at the macroscale. This process is dependent on the initial water content,stress level and wetting degree. These findings can facilitate collapsible loess hazard prevention and geological engineering construction.     

塔木察格盆地塔南凹陷下白垩统烃源岩有机地球化学特征

塔木察格盆地的塔南凹陷油气资源丰富,具有很大的勘探开发潜力。塔南凹陷发育多套烃源岩（包括铜钵庙组、南屯组一段和二段、大磨拐河组）,针对各套烃源岩基本特征及形成条件的研究较为薄弱。本次收集了大量研究区烃源岩的有机地球化学数据,对塔南凹陷各套烃源岩的基本特征、有机质来源和沉积环境开展了详细研究。结果表明,塔南凹陷烃源岩的有机质丰度较高,以好烃源岩和优质烃源岩为主;铜钵庙组和南一段的有机质类型以Ⅱ1型为主,南二段和大磨拐河组以Ⅱ2型和Ⅲ型为主;有机质总体处于低成熟—成熟阶段;烃源岩中的有机质为低等水生生物和陆源高等植物的混合来源;烃源岩沉积时期的水体为淡水且总体处于弱还原—弱氧化的环境,其中南屯组沉积时期比铜钵庙组和大磨拐河组沉积时期的水体环境要更偏氧化一些。     

中强地震前中小地震速度谱的变化特征

从Ｄｕｄａ和Ｎｏｒｔｍａｎｎ提出的谱震级定义出发,利用江苏地区遥测台网的５个台站记录到的５４次地震的数字化垂向位移波形记录,采用１３组０．５倍频程的滤波器,计算了各次地震的Ｐ波和及Ｓ波在没中心周期处的平均速度谱值,研究了地震的Ｐ波或Ｓ波速度谱的拐角周期及综合因子ｆ值的时间变化特征。结果显示：中强地震发生之前１年或更短的时间内所发生的中小地震,其速度谱综合因子ｆ值随时间的变化具有由高值向低值的变化趋     

Evaluation of coal bed methane content using BET adsorption isotherm equation

Coal bed methane is unconventional raw natural gas stored in coal seam with considerable reserves in China.In recent years,as the coal bed methane production,the safety and the use of resources have been paid more attentions.Evaluating coal bed methane content is an urgent problem.A BET adsorption isotherm equation is used to process the experimental data.The various parameters of BET equation under different temperatures are obtained;a theoretical gas content correction factor is proposed,and an evaluation method of actual coal bed methane is established.     

宗教世俗化及其理论在西方地理学的研究进展和方向

现代宗教已经越来越多地与世俗社会产生不同形式的联系,然而各种宗教世俗化现象及相关理论却一直未得到国内外宗教地理学者的重视,甚至对其存在极大误解或片面解读。文章梳理了庞杂的西方宗教世俗化概念和理论,指出现代性和宗教的关系不能简单理解为后者被动迎合前者的破坏或压制,事实上两者可能是相互促进、能动地协商的关系;认为应避免混用中文语境下的世俗化概念与西方世俗化概念,以免产生错误解读。世俗化理论对宗教地理学研究有益,能为分析和解释现代宗教提供一个有力的理论框架。但该理论框架却还未被充分利用来揭示当代世界宗教变迁的多元性和复杂性。因为,现有研究1）存在地方偏见;2）存在文化偏见;3）主要基于定量分析和大尺度统计数据,缺乏深度的定性分析;4）实证基础薄弱,缺乏具体、系统地对特定地理环境（特别是非西方）下宗教变迁原因和过程的探讨。故此认为未来宗教变迁研究的注意力应该更多放在非西方社会及其宗教,利用定性研究方法深度剖析中观和微观尺度上的宗教变迁过程和机制,而这正是地理学者能发挥其优势的地方。