全风化花岗岩地层中高固相离析浆液灌浆机理研究

全风化花岗岩地层稳定性差、遇水易发生崩解,工程上使用常规材料防渗加固注浆时效果较差。针对这一情况,依托湖南省郴州市莽山水库防渗加固灌浆项目,通过自主设计的全风化花岗岩地层注浆室内模拟试验装置,进行模拟注浆试验,实现了浆液在整个注浆过程中的扩散情况模拟,对不同注浆压力、不同位置点所取试样开展单轴抗压、抗剪强度及渗透率测试试验,对不同注浆压力下完整结石体取样观察,研究以全风化花岗岩颗粒为配方主体材料的高固相离析浆液在全风化花岗岩地层的防渗加固效果及浆液扩散模式。结果表明:该浆液在全风化花岗岩地层扩散过程中经历了渗透扩散、挤密压缩、劈裂扩展三个阶段,是一种复合注浆形式;以全风化花岗岩颗粒为主体的高固相离析浆液在全风化花岗岩地层注浆中效果显著,随着注浆压力提升,单轴抗压强度显著提升为原土体的3.25～13.67倍,抗剪强度在不同法向压力情况下提升为原土体的1.63～2.69倍,渗透系数从10?4 cm/s下降至10?5 cm/s甚至10?6 cm/s。     

岩溶地区某广场钻孔灌注桩基础补强加固设计与新技术

为解决岩溶地基上高层建筑桩基缺陷问题,提出了一种采用低坍落度塑性砼对缺陷桩基础进行加固处理的可控压密注浆技术。此技术通过特制高压泵,将强度不低于20 MPa、坍落度不大于50 mm的低坍落度砼压入强岩溶发育地层,形成有效桩径,以改善桩基缺陷。通过现场试验与全面施工,开发出成套施工工艺,有效解决了灰岩地区桩基础持力层缺陷问题。      

Modeling the influence of urbanization on urban pluvial flooding: a scenario-based case study in Shanghai,China

Natural Hazards - Rapid urbanization has brought great productivity, prosperity and challenges to Shanghai in the last few decades. This paper focuses on the influence of urbanization on urban...     

城市暴雨内涝模拟模型优化与精度验证

本文采用“Vegetation-Impervious Surface-Soil”模型和线性光谱混合分解方法,获取像元中不透水面、植被、土壤覆盖信息,用于计算SCS模型产流参数综合CN（Curve Number）值;基于土地利用类型,采用经验值与数值实验逐步求精相结合的方法,确定水动力汇流模型参数曼宁系数,并用实测积水数据验证两次参数修正的模拟效果。以上海中心城区为例进行验证,研究结果表明：①将采用V-I-S模型得到的不透水面、植被、土壤信息设定CN值,能够降低积水分布的极值化现象,提高SCS产流模型产流量和产流分布精度;②采用经验法和数值模拟逐步求精法,按土地利用类型设定曼宁系数,使各时段最大积水深度高于原模型,说明曼宁系数是汇流模型的敏感参数。     

Linear stability of one‐dimensional non‐Darcy flow in broken rocks

Considering the effect of non‐Darcy flow, the perturbation theory and normal mode method are introduced to analyze the linear stability of one‐dimensional non‐Darcy flow of gases in broken rocks. A stability criterion for linear systems is obtained theoretically when the steady states of pressure and velocity fields are perturbed, and the effects of the physical parameters on the linear governing system are studied theoretically and numerically. It is pointed out that the deviation coefficient from Darcy's law plays an important role in the governing system; the increasing absolute value of deviation coefficient from Darcy's law stabilizes the system, and the numerical results are shown graphically. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Twin Tsunamis Triggered by the 12 January 2010 Haiti Earthquake

On 12 January 2010, a magnitude M _w 7.0 earthquake occurred 25 km west–southwest of Haiti’s capital Port-au-Prince causing an estimated 316,000 fatalities, thereby exceeding any previous loss of life from a similar size earthquake. In addition, tsunami waves triggered by the earthquake caused at least three fatalities at Petit Paradis due to a complete lack of tsunami awareness. The International Tsunami Survey Team (ITST) was deployed within weeks of the event and covered the greater Bay of Port-au-Prince and more than 100 km of Hispaniola’s southern coastline. The collected survey data include more than 21 tsunami heights along with observations of coastal land level change. Maximum tsunami heights of 3 m have been measured for two independently triggered tsunamis.