基于GIS的大型超市选址分析

超级市场(Supermarket),简称超市,是与过去完全不同的商业经营形式,在我国得到迅速发展.超市选址,是在现实条件下,根据给定的超市营业点选择条件进行比较,最终选出一个理想的营业点的过程.本文对地理信息系统(Geographic Information System,简称GIS)相关的基本原理进行介绍,对相关因素进行分析,借助GIS的空间分析功能对大型超市的空间选址进行分析研究,从而选出超级市场在特定区域的最佳营业地址.     

Quantitative analysis of Arctic ice flow acceleration with increasing temperature

This study explores the ice flow acceleration(21.1%) of Pedersenbreen during 2016–2017 after the extremely warm winter throughout the whole Arctic in 2015/2016 using in situ data and quantitatively analyses the factors contributing to this acceleration. Several data sets, including 2008–2018 air temperature data from Ny-?lesund,ten-year in situ GPS measurements and Elmer/Ice ice flow modelling under different ice temperature scenarios,suggest that the following factors contributed to the ice flow acceleration: the softened glacier ice caused by an increase in the air temperature(1.5℃) contributed 2.7%–30.5%, while basal lubrication contributed 69.5%–97.3%.The enhanced basal sliding was mostly due to the increased surface meltwater penetrating to the bedrock under the rising air temperature conditions; consequently, the glacier ice flow acceleration was caused mainly by an increase in subglacial water. For Pedersenbreen, there was an approximately one-year time lag between the change in air temperature and the change in glacier ice flow velocity.     

苏州老城区房屋现状及其地震应急救援分析

苏州是我国最具代表性的历史文化名城之一,虽历经城市改造和时代变迁,但在老城区仍保留了相当数量的老旧民房,它们的抗震性能普遍较差,一旦遭遇破坏性地震,后果可能极为严重。本文结合苏州历史地震背景和对苏州老城区房屋现场调查的资料,主要以直管公房为研究对象,按其建筑结构类型进行抗震性能分析和讨论,结合老城区的街区特点,指出苏州老城区可能遭遇的地震灾害特点及应急救援方面的问题,并提出了一些对策和建议。希望通过对苏州老城区地震灾害及应急救援问题的探讨,引起各地对历史文化名城防震减灾及古迹保护的重视。     

Shake-table testing of a self-centering precast reinforced concrete frame with shear walls

The seismic performance of a self-centering precast reinforced concrete (RC) frame with shear walls was investigated in this paper. The lateral force resistance was provided by self-centering precast RC shear walls (SPCW), which utilize a combination of unbonded prestressed post-tensioned (PT) tendons and mild steel reinforcing bars for flexural resistance across base joints. The structures concentrated deformations at the bottom joints and the unbonded PT tendons provided the self-centering restoring force. A 1/3-scale model of a five-story self-centering RC frame with shear walls was designed and tested on a shake-table under a series of bi-directional earthquake excitations with increasing intensity. The acceleration response, roof displacement, inter-story drifts, residual drifts, shear force ratios, hysteresis curves, and local behaviour of the test specimen were analysed and evaluated. The results demonstrated that seismic performance of the test specimen was satisfactory in the plane of the shear wall; however, the structure sustained inter-story drift levels up to 2.45%. Negligible residual drifts were recorded after all applied earthquake excitations. Based on the shake-table test results, it is feasible to apply and popularize a self-centering precast RC frame with shear walls as a structural system in seismic regions.     

Les sondages électromagnétiques temporels comme outil de reconnaissance du gisement phosphaté de Sidi Chennane (Maroc) : apport à la résolution d'un problème d'exploitation

Exploitation of the phosphatic layers in Sidi Chennane deposit (Morocco) collides frequently with problems bound to the existence, in the phosphatic series, of sterile bodies qualified as derangements. Our study shows that these bodies, masked by the Quaternary cover can be mapped using the Time-Domain ElectroMagnetic Soundings method (TDEM). It is based on the acquisition and the interpretation of a series of tests carried out above a visible derangement in an old trench of exploitation and on 2500 TDEM soundings carried out in a virgin area of the deposit. The article concerns to the analysis of the results and of the proceeding for a possible large geophysics survey. To cite this article: A. Kchikach et al., C. R. Geoscience 338 (2006).