Geochemical Studies of Sodium Enriched Metavolcanite Series in the Area of Longbohe Copper Deposit,Yunnan Province,SW China：Nd,Sr and Pb Isotopic Characteristics and Chronology

The chronological data obtained by a variety of dating methods have confirmed that the sodium enriched metavolcanite series in the area of the Longbohe copper deposit at Jinping, Yunnan Province, was formed during the Proterozoic (its Pb−Pb isochron age=1595±75 Ma), corresponding to the Dahongshan Group sodium enriched metavolcanites. The Sm−Nd isochron age of 1336±46Ma should represent the time at which this series of volcanic rocks experienced spilitization in response to sodium metasomatism, equivalent to the time of sedimentation of the Ailaoshan Group and Yashan Group rocks. The Rb−Sr ages of the volcanic rocks and the Pb−Pb ages of copper ores have recorded the events of strong dynamic metamorphism and of strong reworking-metallogenesis of copper during the Jinningian period. Similarities in forming age, rock assemblage and isotopic characteristics between the sodium enriched metavolcanite series and the Dahongshan Group sodium enriched metavolcanite series have provided new clues to the exploration of the Dahongshan-type copper deposits in this area. Granted jointly by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 49702022, 40073001) and the State 973 Program (No. G1999043215).     

0．7Ma以来的念青唐古拉山脉隆升过程——来自冰川剥蚀作用的证据

通过对念青唐古拉山冰碛地层划分及冰碛物同位素测年，发现最早一期冰碛物形成于0．7～0．6MaBP，指示自中更新世以来念青唐古拉山脉开始隆升，主峰地区发生了大规模的冰川剥蚀作用，形成了大面积分布的冰碛高平台；0．2～0．14MaBP念青唐古拉山又快速隆升，并堆积了刚刚伸出各大沟谷口的高侧碛；0．07～0．03MaBP念青唐古拉山再次小规模隆起，形成各大沟谷内的侧碛和终碛垄；0．01Ma BP还有小规模冰川活动。念青唐古拉山主峰地区的冰川剥蚀作用反映出的山脉隆升过程，可较好地与青藏高原的隆起过程相对比，它应是青藏高原隆升的响应。     

一种符合视觉规律的,基于地图数据的虚拟地景仿真

本文分析和解决了两个关键性问题，使计算机所生成的虚拟地景符合人的“越近看得越清”视觉规律，并通过实例对该方法的实现过程给予了详细的描述。     

Pb同位素三维空间拓扑投影与化探评价

通过对数据集合的拓扑学分析，获得了Pb同位素三维空间拓扑投影特征值V1和V2。运用特征值可以定量地预测隐伏铜金矿床的埋藏深度和隐伏矿量，是隐伏矿预测评价的新方法，开创了同位素化探的新领域。     

上海地区扁铲侧胀试验计算地基承载力的探讨

通过对扁铲侧胀试验和试验机理的研究和对试验指数的对比分析 ,提出了用扁铲侧胀试验计算地基承载力的方法 ;利用上海地区部分重大工程中的扁铲侧胀试验数据 ,在与室内土工试验、静力触探试验及十字板剪切试验的相关分析的基础上 ,经数理统计后给出了上海地区用扁铲侧胀试验计算地基承载力的经验公式。最后 ,通过与室内土工试验、静力触探试验和十字板剪切试验计算的地基承载力对比 ,分析了本经验公式计算地基承载力的精度。研究分析表明 ,可以用扁铲侧胀试验计算地基承载力     

再论各向异性介质转换波地震学,第一部分:理论

我们业已研发了计算各向异性、非均质介质中P- SV转换波(C-波)的转换点和旅行时的新理论。据此 可以利用诸如相似性分析、迪克斯模型建模、克契 霍夫求和等常规方法来完成各向异性的处理和各向 异性处理,并使各向异性的处理成为可能。这里将 我们的新发展分作两部分来介绍。第一部分为理 论,第二部分为对速度分析和参数计算的应用。第 一部分理论包括转换点的计算和动校正的分析。     

Converted-wave seismology in anisotropic media revisited,Part I: Basic theory

We have developed new basic theories for calculating the conversion point and the travel time of the P-SV converted wave (C-wave) in anisotropic, inhomogeneous media. This enables the use of conventional procedures such as semblance analysis, Dix-type model building and Kirchhoff summation, to implement anisotropic processing, and makes anisotropic processing affordable. Here we present these new developments in two parts: basic theory and application to velocity analysis and parameter estimation. This part deals with the basic theory, including both conversion-point calculation and moveout analysis. Existing equations for calculating the PS-wave (C-wave) conversion point in layered media with vertical transverse isotropy (VTI) are strictly limited to offsets about half the reflector depth (an offset-depth ratio, xlz, of 0.5), and those for calculating the C-wave traveltimes are limited to offsets equal to the reflector depth (x/z=l.0). In contrast, the new equations for calculating the conversion-point extend into offsets about three-times the reflector depth (x/z=3.0), those for calculating the C-wave traveltimes extend into offsets twice the reflector depth (x/z=2.0). With the improved accuracy, the equations can help in C-wave data processing and parameter estimation in anisotropic, inhomogeneous media. This work is funded by the Edinburgh Anisotropy Project (EAP) of the British Geological Survey. First author: Xiangyang Li, Mr. Li is currently a professorial research seismologist (Grade 6) and technical director of the Edinburgh Anisotropy Project in the British Geological Survey. He also holds a honorary professorship in multicomponent seismology at the School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh. He received his BSc(1982) in Geophysics from Changchun Geological Institute, China, an MSc (1984) in applied geophysics from East China Petroleum Institute (now known as the China University of Petroleum), and a PhD (1992) in seismology from the University of Edinburgh. During 1984–1987, he worked as a lecturer with the East China Petroleum Institute. Since 1991, he has been employed by the British Geological Survey. His research interests include seismic anisotropy and multicomponent seismology.     

贵州省都匀市滑坡易发性评价研究

都匀市是贵州省城镇滑坡地质灾害多发频发区。文章以都匀市沙包堡镇为研究区,采用栅格单元提取高程、坡度、岩性、水系等9项致灾因子,分别使用都基于数学统计模型的定量分析方法（二元逻辑回归模型、信息量模型）和定性分析方法（层次分析模型）对都匀市研究区滑坡地质灾害易发性进行评价。结果表明:二元逻辑回归模型预测精度与预测效果均为最优,其ROC曲线下面积AUC值为0.873,易发性分区中高易发区和中易发区内预测发生滑坡面积比占95.41%,且最符合野外实地调查验证情况。评价方法与结果可为贵州城镇地区滑坡地质灾害评价和防治提供借鉴。     

边疆省域旅游效率空间分异及驱动因素——以云南省为例

旅游效率评价对区域旅游业提质增效发展具有重要意义。以云南省为实证,采用数据包络分析法(DEA)对其旅游业效率进行分析,运用空间自相关和趋势面等空间统计方法对旅游效率空间关联和整体趋势特征进行剖析,并借助地理探测器模型着重探讨了旅游效率的驱动因子。结果表明：1）云南省旅游综合效率总体水平较好,但州市间差距较大,纯技术效率对综合效率制约能力略强于规模效率;2）旅游效率呈现空间集聚态势,综合效率整体呈“南北两翼高中间低,东西平稳过渡”空间特征,高效区在滇西北“趋同集聚”;纯技术效率在南北方向呈“U”型趋势,东西方向上梯度递减;规模效率总体呈现“南北两翼高中间低,西高东低”趋势特征;3）旅游从业人数、交通网络密度和景区丰度是云南省旅游效率空间分异的主要影响因素,不同因子交互作用时均高于单独作用时的影响力。     

旅游地快速交通优势度与旅游流强度的空间耦合分析

以典型旅游地—云南省为研究案例,以高德交通大数据、统计数据等多源数据为基础,依据“路网及站点密度+通行规模+通行功能+区位优势度+换乘便捷度”的思路,构建快速交通优势度模型;基于旅游流“规模→消费→效益→效应”的历时性维度构建旅游流强度模型;采用加权TOPSIS法对二者评价值进行测算,并运用耦合四象限模型对两者耦合类型进行划分。结果发现：① 快速交通与旅游流耦合存在显著空间差异性。昆明、红河和丽江呈现良性耦合协调,耦合类型表现为“高旅游流-高快速交通优势”,而旅游化水平低、远离交通枢纽和主要交通干线的边缘地区,旅游流与快速交通耦合效应则表现为“低旅游流-低快速交通优势”。② 快速交通优势度与旅游流强度呈正相关关系,不同快速交通方式与旅游流强度的拟合优度表现为“航空运输>高速公路>高速铁路”的特征。③ 云南省快速交通优势度与旅游流强度耦合水平总体偏低,快速交通发展的主导模式为协调互补模式,且缘于快速交通的“时间-空间收敛”效应和“组织-空间协同”效应,快速交通组合类型多样化与旅游流强度存在正相关关系。不同快速交通发展模式对旅游流强度的贡献效应表现出“多元共生模式>协调互补模式>单类孤立模式>低速交通维持模式”的特征。