Because of the human exploitation and utilization of water resources in the Tarim Basin, the water resources consumption has changed from mainly natural ecosystem to artificial oasis ecosystem, and the environment has changed correspondingly. The basic changes are: desertification and oasis development coexist, both “the human being advance and the desert retreat” and “the desert advance and the human being retreat” coexist, but the latter is dominant. In the upper reaches, water volume drawing to irrigated agricultural areas has increased, artificial oases have been enlarging and moving from the deltas in the lower reaches of many rivers to the piedmont plains. In the middle and lower reaches of the Tarim River, the stream flow has decreased, old oases have declined, natural vegetations have been degenerating, desertification has been enlarging, and the environment has deteriorated. The transition regions, which consist of forestlands, grasslands and waters between the desert and the oases, have been decreasing continuously, their shelter function to the oases has been weakened, and the desert is threatening the oases seriously. 相似文献
以艾里克湖滨绿洲1989年9月的TM,2000年9月的ETM+和2005年9月的CBERS遥感影像为数据源,借助RS和GIS技术,以人机交互方式进行景观分类,生成景观分类图;运用景观生态学原理,通过景观统计软件Fragstats For Arcview对研究区景观格局与土地利用变化过程分析并进行驱动力研究.结果表明,1989-2005年的17年间,主要在人类活动的影响下,艾里克湖滨绿洲在外观特征和空间格局均有显著变化,绿洲面积呈先退缩后扩张趋势,湖泊面积也呈先萎缩甚至干涸后扩大趋势.整体景观异质性、多样性和丰度下降;景观优势度、蔓延度和破碎化程度增加.要实现干旱区绿洲的可持续发展和景观生态功能的良性发挥,必须注重景观格局的优化,从而维护景观生态过程与格局的连续性. 相似文献
Because of the human exploitation and utilization of water resources in the Tarim Basin, the water resources consumption has changed from mainly natural ecosystem to artificial oasis ecosystem, and the environment has changed correspondingly. The basic changes are: desertification and oasis development coexist, both “the human being advance and the desert retreat” and “the desert advance and the human being retreat” coexist, but the latter is dominant. In the upper reaches, water volume drawing to irrigated agricultural areas has increased, artificial oases have been enlarging and moving from the deltas in the lower reaches of many rivers to the piedmont plains. In the middle and lower reaches of the Tarim River, the stream flow has decreased, old oases have declined, natural vegetations have been degenerating, desertification has been enlarging, and the environment has deteriorated. The transition regions, which consist of forestlands, grasslands and waters between the desert and the oases, have been decreasing continuously, their shelter function to the oases has been weakened, and the desert is threatening the oases seriously.