Information System to Support Regional Hydrological Monitoring and Forecasting

This paper describes the conceptual framework and software components of the automated hydrological monitoring system (AHMS), developed as a part of the project aimed at recovery, modernization, and development of the hydrometeorological network and hydrological forecasting system in the Amur basin in Russia. AHMS information technology platform provides sustainable functioning of the observation network, data exchange (within regional hydrometeorological state agencies), and interaction with external information systems.     

Using the SWAT Model for Studying the Hydrological Regime of a Small River Basin (the Komarovka River,Primorsky Krai)

The research describes the experience of using digital models (of terrain, soil, and vegetation) for the underlying surface of the catchment for developing the spatial structure of the open-source SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) hydrological model. The hydrological regime for the Komarovka River basin (616 km²) is simulated with a daily resolution using the data of Primorskaya water balance station and the modern observation network of Primorye Administration for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring. It is found that the calculated and measured runoff hydrographs are generally in good agreement, and the model is suitable for describing the hydrological regime of mid-latitude rivers where rainfall floods prevail. The model well reproduces average water years, underestimates the peaks caused by intense rainfall of the typhoon origin and overestimates baseflow.     

Assessing the Sensitivity of a Model of Runoff Formation in the Ussuri River Basin

A physically based model of runoff formation with daily resolution has been developed for the upper part of the Ussuri basin with an area of 24400 km² based on ECOMAG hydrological modeling platform. Two versions of the hydrological model have been studied: (1) a crude version with the spatial schematization of the drainage area and river network based on DEM 1 × 1 km with the use of soil and landscape maps at a scale of 1: 2500000 and (2) a detailed version with DEM 80 × 80 m and soil and landscape maps of the scale of 1: 100000. Each version of the model has been tested for two variants of meteorological inputs: (1) meteorological forcing data (temperature, air humidity, precipitation) at eight weather stations and (2) with the involvement of additional data on precipitation collected at 15 gages in the basin. The model has been calibrated and validated over a 34-year period (1979–2012) with the use of runoff data for the Ussuri R. and its tributaries. The results of numerical experiments for assessing the sensitivity of model hydrological response to the spatial resolution of land surface characteristics and the density of precipitation gaging stations are discussed.     

Modeling the Hydrological Regime of Small Testbed Catchments Based on Field Observations: A Case Study of the Pravaya Sokolovka River,the Upper Ussuri River Basin

Water Resources - The aim of this study is to apply mathematical modeling to describe the hydrological regime of small testbed catchments located in the territory of the Verkhne-Ussuriisky...     

Weather Radar Data for Hydrological Modelling: An Application for South of Primorye Region,Russia

Water Resources - This paper describes the experience of using weather radar data to simulate a catastrophic flood caused by intense rains that occurred in the period from August 5 to 8, 2017 in...