排序方式: 共有16条查询结果,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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城市防震减灾能力本身是一个涉及因素众多的复杂体系,对它的评估也是涉及到地震科学、社会科学和经济科学的交叉学科问题. 本文首先提出了城市防震减灾能力的概念,把人员伤亡、经济损失和震后恢复时间等3个方面作为衡量城市防震减灾能力的准则;围绕这3个准则,从影响城市防震减灾能力的众多复杂因素中抽取出六大因素,并用一些简单、可测量的指标来代表这六大因素,建立起城市防震减灾能力指标体系;然后建立起指标体系与上述3个方面评价准则¾人员伤亡、经济损失和恢复时间的联系;最后,用灰色关联分析方法将3个评价准则综合成一个防震减灾能力指数.从而为城市防震减灾能力评估提供了一个较系统、完整的理论体系框架. 理论体系的建立能够在绝对上、定量上评价城市的防震减灾能力,从而指导城市进行防震减灾决策. 相似文献
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This paper presents the first of a series of case studies on the seismic design of long span bridges (cable-stayed bridges, suspension bridges and arch bridges) under a cooperative research project on seismic behavior and design of highway bridges between the State Key Laboratory for Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering, Tongji University and the Multidisciplinary Center for Earthquake Engineering Research, University at Buffalo. The objective of this series of case studies is to examine the differences and similarities on the seismic design practice of long span bridges in China and the U.S., to identify research needs and to develop design guidelines beneficial to bridge engineers in both countries. Unlike short to medium span bridges, long span bridges are not included in most seismic design specifications, mainly because they are location dependent and structurally unique. In this paper, an available model of a steel tied half through arch bridge with a main span of 550m in China is discussed. Analysis is focused on comparisons of the seismic responses due to different ground motions. Seismic design criteria and seismic performance requirements for long span bridges in both countries were first introduced and compared, and then three near field earthquake records with large vertical components were selected as the excitations to examine the seismic behavior and seismic vulnerability of the bridge. Results show that (1) the selected near field ground motions cause larger responses to key components (critical sections) of the bridge (such as arch rib ends) with a maximum increase of more than twice those caused by the site specific ground motions; (2) piers, longitudinal girders and arch crowns are more vulnerable to vertical motions, especially their axial forces; and (3) large vertical components of near field ground motions may not significantly affect the bridge's internal forces provided that their peak acceleration spectra ordinates only appear at periods of less than 0.2s. However, they may have more influence on the longitudinal displacements of sliding bearings due to their large displacement spectra ordinates at the fundamental period of the bridge. 相似文献
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对索的准确模拟有时应考虑弯曲刚度的影响.在已有研究基础上,考虑弯曲刚度对悬索静力构形的影响,分别推导了两端固结和两端铰接边界条件下水平悬索面内自由振动的解析解,并修正了已有文献中的不足之处,该解在理论上较已有解析解更为准确,它可看作是已有文献在均匀索情况下的解析解.本文推导的解析解具有一定的理论意义. 相似文献
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复杂结构地震动输入方向的基本原理及其影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
对于复杂结构,在动力分析中地震波的最不利输入方向对应着结构的最不利反应。本文从叠加原理出发,详细论述了用反应谱法求解结构的最不利输入方向问题,并通过工程实例来说明其影响程度。 相似文献
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小垂度水平悬索的自由振动问题是一个经典的问题。在Irvine经典理论的基础上,考虑了精确的悬链线形式的索构形,推导了小垂度水平悬索自由振动的解析解,该解理论上比Irvine的解析解更为准确,它相当于把Irvine的经典结果推广到悬链线型悬索情形。本文推导的解析解可以看作是对已有的理论的补充。 相似文献
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结构抗震设计中的强度折减系数研究 总被引:27,自引:12,他引:27
借助于单自由度弹塑性动力时程分析程序,对延性结构的强度折减系数进行了研究,在统计平均和回归分析的基础上,建立了平均强度折系数的函数形式,本文所建立的平强度折减系数函数,从理论上明确了结构具有延性对弹性地震力的折减关系,研究成果可供结构抗震设计规范采纳应用。 相似文献
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Introduction At the end of last century, the Committee of International Decade for Natural Disaster Re-duction had called on evaluating the ability reducing earthquake disasters of cities. However, since efficient method to assess earthquake loss of cities does not exist, the proposition did not come true. In 1994, China government put forward that the cities with dense population or developed economy and the areas off the seashore should have the ability to resist earthquake (M=6). Un-dou… 相似文献