全文获取类型
收费全文 | 7601篇 |
免费 | 1162篇 |
国内免费 | 1637篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 830篇 |
大气科学 | 1163篇 |
地球物理 | 1694篇 |
地质学 | 3783篇 |
海洋学 | 1033篇 |
天文学 | 640篇 |
综合类 | 509篇 |
自然地理 | 748篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 30篇 |
2023年 | 137篇 |
2022年 | 355篇 |
2021年 | 403篇 |
2020年 | 361篇 |
2019年 | 414篇 |
2018年 | 437篇 |
2017年 | 439篇 |
2016年 | 481篇 |
2015年 | 431篇 |
2014年 | 506篇 |
2013年 | 567篇 |
2012年 | 521篇 |
2011年 | 506篇 |
2010年 | 478篇 |
2009年 | 493篇 |
2008年 | 410篇 |
2007年 | 448篇 |
2006年 | 371篇 |
2005年 | 288篇 |
2004年 | 209篇 |
2003年 | 206篇 |
2002年 | 211篇 |
2001年 | 195篇 |
2000年 | 173篇 |
1999年 | 178篇 |
1998年 | 185篇 |
1997年 | 131篇 |
1996年 | 131篇 |
1995年 | 127篇 |
1994年 | 118篇 |
1993年 | 81篇 |
1992年 | 74篇 |
1991年 | 50篇 |
1990年 | 40篇 |
1989年 | 35篇 |
1988年 | 36篇 |
1987年 | 24篇 |
1986年 | 22篇 |
1985年 | 17篇 |
1984年 | 13篇 |
1983年 | 13篇 |
1982年 | 11篇 |
1980年 | 3篇 |
1978年 | 5篇 |
1977年 | 4篇 |
1973年 | 2篇 |
1972年 | 3篇 |
1958年 | 2篇 |
1952年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Assessment of alternative adsorption models and global sensitivity analysis to characterize hexavalent chromium loss from soil to surface runoff 下载免费PDF全文
We investigate our ability to assess transfer of hexavalent chromium, Cr(VI), from the soil to surface runoff by considering the effect of coupling diverse adsorption models with a two‐layer solute transfer model. Our analyses are grounded on a set of two experiments associated with soils characterized by diverse particle size distributions. Our study is motivated by the observation that Cr(VI) is receiving much attention for the assessment of environmental risks due to its high solubility, mobility, and toxicological significance. Adsorption of Cr(VI) is considered to be at equilibrium in the mixing layer under our experimental conditions. Four adsorption models, that is, the Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and linear models, constitute our set of alternative (competing) mathematical formulations. Experimental results reveal that the soil samples characterized by the finest grain sizes are associated with the highest release of Cr(VI) to runoff. We compare the relative abilities of the four models to interpret experimental results through maximum likelihood model calibration and four model identification criteria (i.e., the Akaike information criteria [AIC and AICC] and the Bayesian and Kashyap information criteria). Our study results enable us to rank the tested models on the basis of a set of posterior weights assigned to each of them. A classical variance‐based global sensitivity analysis is then performed to assess the relative importance of the uncertain parameters associated with each of the models considered, within subregions of the parameter space. In this context, the modelling strategy resulting from coupling the Langmuir isotherm with a two‐layer solute transfer model is then evaluated as the most skilful for the overall interpretation of both sets of experiments. Our results document that (a) the depth of the mixing layer is the most influential factor for all models tested, with the exception of the Freundlich isotherm, and (b) the total sensitivity of the adsorption parameters varies in time, with a trend to increase as time progresses for all of the models. These results suggest that adsorption has a significant effect on the uncertainty associated with the release of Cr(VI) from the soil to the surface runoff component. 相似文献
2.
The economic development in China and the rising of the living standard need to speed up the urbanisa-tion.The development of small towns is an important way to Chinese urbanization.Land use plays a very important role in the development of small towns.However there are many problems in the development of small towns,esp.in land use.The paper first discusses the land problems in the development of small towns.Such as much cultivated land lies idle,under-utilization and waste of land,increasing illegal use of land,unstable contractural relationship for land use.The relationship between the development of small towns and land use is also studied.Then the guidelines for the land system innovations of small towns are put forward.Namely the sustainability of social and economic development,the bal-ance between land reservation and land utilization,the provision of service to village ,agriculture and farmer,the manage-ment of land resource and land assets,the parsimonious andlegal use of land.The basic framework of land system innova-tions of small towns is put forward finally.It include the land replacement policy for small towns and the permanent tenan-cy of farmland,the overall plan for land uses and other plans in harmony,the establishment of a flexible system of land supplies,using land with payments ,the transfer of agricultural land and refining the land law related to the construction of small towns. 相似文献
3.
4.
A formula for the thickness of a shear band formed in saturated soils under a simple shear or a combined stress state has been proposed. It is shown that the shear band thickness is dependent on the pore pressure properties of the material and the dilatancy rate, but is independent of the details of the combined stress state. This is in accordance with some separate experimental observations. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
5.
6.
Stress wave attenuation across fractured rock masses is a great concern of underground structure safety. When the wave amplitude is large, fractures experience nonlinear deformation during the wave propagation. This paper presents a study on normal transmission of P‐wave across parallel fractures with nonlinear deformational behaviour (static Barton–Bandis model). The results show that the magnitude of transmission coefficient is a function of incident wave amplitude, nondimensional fracture spacing and number of fractures. Two important indices of nondimensional fracture spacing are identified, and they divide the area of nondimensional fracture spacing into three parts (individual fracture area, transition area and small spacing area). In the different areas, the magnitude of transmission coefficient has different trends with nondimensional fracture spacing and number of fractures. In addition, the study reveals that under some circumstances, the magnitude of transmission coefficient increases with increasing number of fractures, and is larger than 1. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
7.
8.
CHUDongsheng LIANGMeng SHIXin ZHANGLing 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2004,3(1):106-110
1 Introduction Inrecentyearstherehasbeengrowingresearchin terestinthetwo dimensional (2 D )systemtheory .The 2 Dsystemsmayfindapplicationsinareassuchasmarineseismicdataprocessingandimageprocessing .Althoughmoreandmorevaluableresultshavebeengained ,mos… 相似文献
9.
The range-averaged intensity model (RAIM) long known as a powerful method for transmission loss estimation in waveguides, is extended to other aspects of the acoustic field: impulse response and angular pattern estimations at a receiver, general time spreading in a waveguide, signal fluctuations, reverberation levels, and ambient noise structure. An example of its application to a SOFAR propagation and detection case is presented. This method appears to be a very efficient and reliable analysis tool for many underwater acoustics configurations: particularly long-range horizontal telemetry and shallow-water sonar 相似文献
10.
讨论了应用曲面拟合技术和利用离散的重力观测点的重力变化对特定研究区的重力场变化进行数值模拟以获取该区重力变化空间梯度场图像的具体方法;并应用该方法获得了2004年3月福建安溪3.6级地震前的重力变化空间梯度场图像,发现空间梯度场图像能清晰地反映出地震前重力场群体性变化的差异性;利用此方法对2005年6月~2006年3月间台湾海峡西岸重力场变化进行数值模拟,获得其空间梯度场图像。 相似文献