Instability analysis of three-dimensional ocean shear waves

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沥青铀矿中氧同位素测定方法

本文介绍了一种直接测定沥青铀矿中氧同位素的分析方法－－五氟化溴法，实验分析和数据首次表明，铀氧化物中的氧同位素主要是富轻氧的。     

1995年度中国大陆及边邻MS≥7.0地震活动与华北地区的试验预报纪实之三

如实记述了１９９５年度中国大陆及边邻ＭＳ≥７．０地震活动的时、空演变与华北（φＮ３０°～φＮ４２°，λＥ１０５°～λＥ１２５°）地震活动等有关的试验预报的实况。对过去的预报办法提出了一些改进意见。     

浑江末前寒武纪丝状藻类及其环境意义

本文初步探讨了吉林浑江晚前寒武纪丝状藻类与沉积环境的关系。这些丝状藻类产自晚前寒武纪不同层位,大多属蓝绿藻类。通过对丝状藻类整体面貌和个体丰度的分析,笔者将其划分为三类即:藻席型、孤立生存型和其间的过渡类型。根据对现代丝状藻类生态及环境的研究,采取比较古生物学的方法,具体讨论了浑江地区晚前寒武纪丝状藻类的指相意义。根据沉积学与事件地层记录分析的沉积环境模式与对丝状藻类环境分析的结果是一致的。     

近50年乌鲁木齐市太阳能资源时空变化分析

利用新疆乌鲁木齐地区9个气象站1961-2010年的逐日日照时数资料和乌鲁木齐站逐日太阳总辐射资料,在使用气候学方法估算出各站逐月太阳总辐射的基础上,采用线性趋势分析和Mann Kendall检测对全市冬、春、夏、秋四季和年日照时数、太阳总辐射变化趋势以及突变特征进行分析,应用混合插值法,在ArcGis平台上完成基于数字高程模型(DEM)数据的四季和年日照时数、太阳总辐射及其突变前后变化量的精细化分布式模拟.结果表明:乌鲁木齐市春、夏、秋季和年的日照时数及太阳总辐射总体呈现“平原多,山区少”的空间分布格局,冬季日照时数、太阳总辐射呈现“山区多,平原少”的分布特点.近50年来,乌鲁木齐市春、夏季日照时数、太阳总辐射变化趋势不显著,但秋、冬季和年的日照时数及太阳总辐射呈显著的减少趋势,并于1981和1991年分别发生了突变性的减少,突变前后秋、冬季和年日照时数、太阳总辐射的变化具有明显的区域性差异,减少幅度的空间分布总体呈现“平原多,山区少”的特点.     

增强气候诊断及预测程序通用性的一种方法

针对现有气候统计诊断与预测程序在通用性方面的不足,以线性趋势估计的源程序为例,介绍了在微机平台上,利用Fortran90的动态数组特性,通过增加参数控制文件增强该程序通用性的思路和方法,并利用VisualBasic语言对改进后的程序进行可视化设计,增强了程序的易用性。     

北斗卫星导航系统双差动力法精密定轨及其精度分析

针对GEO卫星切向轨道分量与双差模糊度强相关的问题,对经典双差动力法进行了改进,提出联合使用载波相位和相位平滑伪距实现北斗系统精密定轨,并从理论上分析了以上处理策略的可行性及对模糊度固定的影响,然后结合北斗系统精密定轨特点,推导给出了利用QIF方法实现北斗卫星双差模糊度固定的基本原理,实测数据分析表明:联合载波相位和相位平滑伪距,既可降低相关性,又可兼顾精度,定轨效果优于经典双差动力法;利用QIF方法能够取得一定的模糊度固定效果,但受观测条件限制,北斗卫星双差模糊度固定成功率整体不高,双差模糊度固定之后对轨道的改进作用有限。     

Study on the deformation and failure modes of filling slope in loess filling engineering: a case study at a loess mountain airport

Lvliang airport is a typical loess filling engineering located in 20.5 km north of Lvliang City in Shanxi Province, China. By the end of March 2012, 14 fissures extending more than 7.5 m were observed in a loess-filled slope, of which the longest fissure is up to 82 m. Field monitoring and laboratory tests have been performed to investigate the slope failure modes. The test program includes wetting tests on unsaturated compacted samples and stress path tests on saturated samples. Field monitoring and observations show that differential settlement caused by non-homogeneity in compacted loess density might lead to the formation of fissures in the loess-filled slope. It was founded that the wetting deformation contributed to the development of differential settlement. Fissures are the essential factor for the loess-filled slope failure. Four deformation stages exhibit in the loess-filled slope prior final failure including development of the fissures, softening of the compacted loess, creeping of the slope leading edge and fissuring of the trailing edge and formation of the through-sliding surface. Development of the sliding surface mainly includes upward and downward expansion of the fissures. Upward expansion is a wetting failure process in loading condition, while downward expansion is a load-off wetting process. In addition, development of the sliding surface is accelerated by softening of the compacted soils as a result of water infiltration. Therefore, the key for taking countermeasures against filling landslides is to monitor and control the development of differential settlement and fissures in the slope shoulders. Digging out and extra-filling the fissures are an effective way for preventing these landslides.     

Evaluating climate change adaptation efforts on the US 50 states’ hazard mitigation plans

Climate change brings uncertain risks of climate-related natural hazards. The US Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA in Climate change: long-term trends and their implications for emergency management, 2011. https://www.fema.gov/pdf/about/programs/oppa/climate_change_paper.pdf) has issued a policy directive to integrate climate change adaptation actions into hazard mitigation programs, policies, and plans. However, to date there has been no comprehensive empirical study to examine the extent to which climate change issues are integrated into state hazard mitigation plans (SHMPs). This study develops 18 indicators to examine the extent of climate change considerations in the 50 SHMPs. The results demonstrate that these SHMPs treat climate change issues in an uneven fashion, with large variations present among the 50 states. The overall plan quality for climate change considerations was sustained at an intermediate level with regard to climate change-related awareness, analysis, and actions. The findings confirm that climate change concepts and historic extreme events have been well recognized by the majority of SHMPs. Even though they are not specific to climate change, mitigation and adaptation strategies that can help reduce climate change risks have been adopted in these plans. However, the plans still lack a detailed assessment of climate change and more incentives for collaboration strategies beyond working with emergency management agencies.