A two-dimensional morphological model based on next generation circulation solver II: Application to Caofeidian, Bohai Bay, China

This paper is a companion of a two-part papers on the development of a two-dimensional morphological model—CurWaC2D-Sed, based on next generation circulation solver. In this paper, the model developed in paper I is applied to the large-scale construction of near-harbor industrial zone with deep water harbor by reclamation in Caofeidian, Bohai Bay, which is a typical sandbar-lagoon bay-type tidal inlet system. Characteristics of tides, currents, waves and sediments in Caofeidian are firstly analyzed with field data from comprehensive field observations carried out in 2008. These data are then used for model calibration and validation, showing a good agreement between simulated results and field measurements for tides, currents and suspended sediments. The verified model is applied to study the effects of the construction of Caofeidian embankment and the on-going engineering scheme on hydrodynamics and sediment transports as compared with no constructions under three representative tide conditions and their combinations with normal and strong waves as well as on morphology evolution. The simulated results indicate that the present scheme leads to morphological changes in Caofeidian with acceptable rates of erosion and sedimentation. However, some attentions should be paid to erosion at offshore wharf in front of Caofedian foreland which may lead to potentially increasing landslide risks due to steep slope and sedimentation in Laogonggou creek.     

太阳活动对中国东部夏季降水异常的可能影响

太阳活动与气候变化的关系急需深入进行探索性研究,本文的分析研究表明,中国东部夏季降水与太阳活动有明显的关系。强(弱)太阳活动年,华北平原和东北南部地区少(多)雨,西北地区却多(少)雨,而江淮地区的夏季降水量也偏多(少);太阳活动与夏季的梅雨量存在着既显著又复杂的相关关系,而且它们间的相关关系还随时间有年代际变化。强(弱)太阳活动有利于在中国上空造成500 hPa位势高度出现正(负)异常,并与夏季降水异常的形势较为相配,可认为是太阳活动影响中国东部降水的重要途经。尽管目前尚未形成完整的理论,但基于已有的观测和分析研究,作为一个讨论内容,我们提出了一些关于太阳活动影响天气气候变化的初步看法。