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从加强水资源管理和减少洪水危害来看.应用数字天气雷达定量测定大范围区域降水量,并建立降雨量对水文参量的预报方程是有应用价值的方案.统计表明,在建立预报方程时应区分不同类型降水.经过仔细标定的数字化天气雷达,在探测区内少数地面雨量计的校准下,可以30%(层状云降水)和60%(混合型降水)的精度实时监测降雨风暴并做出外推形势预报.与洪水关系密切的过程降雨总量之测量误差对不同类型降水均在±40%之内.用双线偏振等特种天气雷达系统,并考虑截流地表特性和地面蒸发等因子,则可进一步提高测量预报精度. 相似文献
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1958年以后,当时科技工作者走向生产第一线找题目成为时尚,继1958年6月开始的甘肃祁连山融冰化雪试验之后,北京地球物理研究所的专家们又率队伍于1958年7月始,在兰州搞飞机人工降雨试验,7月底又在祁连山搞地形积云的地面烧碘化银催化试验。这些新事物引起了人们的兴趣,在有关领异的洽谈下于1959年5月在兰州建立了兰州地球物理分所,该分所的气象部分是“室”建制,高由禧先生被派来当室主任,由他又带来三名大学生,规定室里主要搞人工降雨、防雹和干旱气候成因等研究,大家对人工影响天气都是外行,都得重 相似文献
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双线偏振雷达测量精度的统计分析与降水估测 总被引:3,自引:6,他引:3
通过对双线偏振雷达1988-1990年一些观测资料的统计分析,我们发现:空间相关系数ρV、时序相关系数ρT、差示反射率因子ZρR及其均方差σDR各自遵从一定的统计分布规律;σDR(dB)与ρT之间近似呈线性负相关;选择32对预平均处理取样模型为最佳;当ρT>0.95,预平均本数为32时σDR可降到0.2dB以下。这些结论为我们提高双线偏振雷达的性能和探讨系统的气象应用提供了依据。另外,在选择最佳采 相似文献
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Lam KK 《Marine pollution bulletin》2003,46(5):642-653
An experimental artificial reef was deployed in December 1993 at Hoi Ha Wan Marine Park, Hong Kong. This is the first study documenting natural scleractinian coral recruitment onto a stabilised pulverised fuel ash (PFA)-concrete artificial reef. Visible recruits were first recorded 9-10 months after the placement of reef blocks, i.e., in the autumn of 1994. Two scleractinians, Oulastrea crispata and Culicia japonica, were recruited. The recruit density of the former was much greater than the latter. The spatial recruitment pattern of the corals was observed to be affected by the orientation of the attaching surface. O. crispata settled predominantly on the undersides of the reef blocks. There was an edge effect on O. crispata recruitment. C. japonica, however, had a preference for exposed surfaces. O. crispata did not show a preference for block composition whereas C. japonica favoured blocks with high (75% by volume) PFA levels. This shows that PFA-concrete is a potential substratum for artificial reef construction, especially when such reefs aim at rehabilitating corals. 相似文献