用于新生代定年的Ar-Ar法标准样品候选样品初测结果

Ar Ar法定年的特点是必须要有一套年龄从小到大的标准样。迄今用于新生代定年的国内标准样极少。为满足新生代矿物Ar Ar法定年的需要,初选了一个标准样候选者BT 1透长石。样品总重366g,粒级6080目,纯度100%,缩分为100瓶,每瓶3 66g。Ar Ar阶段加热法初测结果为:全部12个阶段给出的总气体年龄为30 8±0 9Ma,412阶段视年龄十分接近,年龄谱平坦,对应的39Ar析出量达96%,坪年龄为29 6±0 4Ma,等时年龄为29 6±0 6Ma,MSWD=1 01。40Ar/36Ar初始值为293 6±3 9,与尼尔值295 5相当。重复测定结果为:全部气体年龄为31 0±0 9Ma(全部9个阶段),坪年龄为29 5±0 4Ma,等时年龄为29 4±0 6Ma,MSWD=1 94,40Ar/36Ar初始值为282 2±6 3。这些结果表明,BT 1透长石不含过剩氩,作为新生代定年的Ar Ar法标准样品候选者是较为理想的。     

Studies on wind environment around high buildings in urban areas

High buildings or architectural complex in urban areas remarkably distort the urban surface wind fields. As the air flow approaches,local strong wind may appear around the buildings. The strong wind makes the pedestrians on sidewalks, entrances and terrace very uncomfortable and causes the pedestrian level wind environment problem. In this studies, hot-wire wind measurement, wind scouring in wind tunnel and numerical computation were carried out to evaluate the wind environment of tall buildings in the prevailing flow conditions in Beijing areas. The results obtained by three techniques were compared and mutually verified. The conclusions drawn from three approaches agree with each other. Also the advantages and limitations of each method were analyzed. It is suggested that the combination of different techniques may produce better assessment of wind environment around high buildings.     

秦末以来秦都咸阳地貌演变

秦都咸阳地貌演变研究是秦咸阳考古和关中地区历史环境演变研究不容忽视的问题。秦末以来，秦都咸阳地貌演变包括渭河河道北移和咸阳原边坡地貌变化两个方面。通过文献考证与实地考察恢复了秦末、唐、明、清各代渭河的河道位置，秦末以来秦都咸阳段渭河河道北移4100m，平均北移速度1．8764m／a，明代以前北移较慢，以后北移速度显著加快，清顺治至现代北移速度达到5．9701m／a。咸阳原南侧边坡上的中小切沟主要是秦以后形成的。原坡上的村庄平台是历史上人为斩齐原坡，挖掘窑洞，引起原边逐步后退的结果，是咸阳原边坡人为地貌演变的体现。     

南京市日最高气温对支气管和心血管类疾病就诊人数的影响

融合应用分布滞后非线性模型(Distributed Lag Mon-linear Model,DLNM)与广义相加模型(Generalized Additive Model,GAM),在控制新冠疫情影响、节假日效应、星期效应、长期趋势以及大气污染因子等因素基础上,探究了2018—2020年南京市日最高气温与当地支气管类、心血管类疾病就诊人数的暴露反应关系,包括滞后效应和累积效应。结果表明:对于支气管类疾病,冬季为高风险期,低温的即时效应和累积效应显著;中短期累积作用下,气温越低危险性越大;长期累积作用下,10 ℃左右的危险性最大;高温累积效应不显著,30 ℃左右滞后效应显著。对于心血管类疾病,低温的即时效应和累积效应显著,11~12 ℃左右影响的累积效应和持续性最强;高温的滞后效应显著,温度越高,滞后效应越明显;长期暴露于高温环境的患病风险会快速增加,日最高气温32 ℃左右的暴露累积风险最大。针对这两类疾病,当日最高气温在22~24 ℃范围内,属于人体最舒适温度。     

基于半监督学习的井震联合储层横向孔隙度预测方法

传统地震储层预测技术一般基于弹性参数反演和岩石物理建模的级联流程实现储层孔隙度预测, 其预测精度受到波动理论和岩石物理理论的近似假设、初始模型和二次反演累积误差等因素的影响.为缓解这些问题, 本文提出了一种基于双向门控递归单元神经网络的半监督学习井震联合孔隙度预测方法, 实现从地震数据直接预测储层横向孔隙度.通过少量的地震测井样本标签对和多目标函数约束建立智能化多尺度多信息融合孔隙度预测模型, 实现地震数据到孔隙度, 孔隙度再到生成地震数据的闭环映射.此外, 在网络模型每次迭代更新的过程中随机引入非井旁地震道参与网络训练, 非井旁地震道的波形匹配能在一定程度上保证井间孔隙度的预测精度.模型数据和实际数据测试结果表明, 本文提出的方法相比于有监督学习孔隙度预测方法能进一步提高储层孔隙度的预测准确性和横向连续性, 获得较为可靠的储层物性参数的空间分布.

     

六盘水地区煤层气井合层排采实践与认识

为了提高煤层气井合层排采效果,需要合理划分排采阶段并制定与之对应的管控措施。基于贵州六盘水地区以往煤层气勘查与试采工作,分析该区二叠系龙潭组煤层气地质条件和煤储层特征,对比分析两口煤层气井合层排采管控制度及其效果。结果表明：研究区具有煤层层数多、单层厚度薄、含气量高、储层压力大、煤层渗透率低、局部构造煤发育等煤层气地质特点,使煤层气井排采过程中压敏效应和贾敏效应较明显,储层伤害较严重,煤层气井高产时间较短,产气量较低。应该优选厚度较大、含气性好的原生结构煤层或煤组进行射孔压裂。在合层排采过程中,对排采阶段进行合理划分,并根据排采阶段控制流压、套压、流压降幅、套压降幅和液面高度等参数,可有效减小压敏效应、贾敏效应、速敏效应等储层伤害。合理的合层排采管控有助于实现控制产气量稳定平稳上升、煤层气井长期稳产与高产的目标。     

冬小麦区域遥感监测及识别中的方法研究

通过基于高时间分辨率的"环境一号"卫星数据的变化向量分析(CVA)冬小麦遥感识别方法,并以地理国情普查数据为调整单元对识别结果进行修正,达到提高冬小麦遥感识别精度的目的。结果表明,使用CVA方法可提高冬小麦遥感识别精度,以国情普查数据为调整单元可在一定程度上降低遥感影像配准误差影响,对其他农作物遥感识别具有一定的参考意义。     

RTG与GPS相对定位联合作业的可行性分析

近年来,RTG(Real Time Gipsy)技术的发展比较迅速,并且在一些行业中得到应用。本文阐述了GPS相对定位与RTG定位原理,并就GPS相对定位与RTG进行误差对比分析。根据行业标准与精度,对GPS相对定位与RTG在控制测量中联合作业的可行性进行探讨,提出联合作业的概念,主要为测绘人员布设控制网时提供参考,从而提高了工作效率,降低了项目成本。     

Investigation of the penetration characteristics of snake skin-inspired pile using DEM

Acta Geotechnica - Snake can perfectly utilize its scales to move. Inspired by the snake scales, this study investigated the characteristics of the snake skin-inspired pile penetration process. Six...     

Application of soft computing techniques for shallow foundation reliability in geotechnical engineering

This research focuses on the application of three soft computing techniques including Minimax Probability Machine Regression(MPMR),Particle Swarm Optimization based Artificial Neural Network(ANN-PSO)and Particle Swarm Optimization based Adaptive Network Fuzzy Inference System(ANFIS-PSO)to study the shallow foundation reliability based on settlement criteria.Soil is a heterogeneous medium and the involvement of its attributes for geotechnical behaviour in soil-foundation system makes the prediction of settlement of shallow a complex engineering problem.This study explores the feasibility of soft computing techniques against the deterministic approach.The settlement of shallow foundation depends on the parametersγ(unit weight),e0(void ratio)and CC(compression index).These soil parameters are taken as input variables while the settlement of shallow foundation as output.To assess the performance of models,different performance indices i.e.RMSE,VAF,R^2,Bias Factor,MAPE,LMI,U(95),RSR,NS,RPD,etc.were used.From the analysis of results,it was found that MPMR model outperformed PSO-ANFIS and PSO-ANN.Therefore,MPMR can be used as a reliable soft computing technique for non-linear problems for settlement of shallow foundations on soils.